Conditions and therapies that can affect the physiology of the oral cavity in children

Condition	Physiologic modification of the oral cavity	Dental management
Asthma	Medications implicated in increased caries rate	Modification of sucrose-containing medication intake
Platelet disorders	Oral mucosal and gingival bleeding	Maintenance of oral hygiene
Hemophilia	Oral and mucosal bleeding	Maintenance of oral hygiene
Cancer and its treatment	Oral bleeding; oral infection; impaired healing	Treat according to protocols that account for impaired hematopoietic system
Seizure disorders	Decreased salivary flow; gingival overgrowth (diphenylhydantoin)	Maintenance of oral hygiene; surgical management of gingival conditions
Organ transplantation	Gingival overgrowth secondary to cyclosporine and calcium channel blockers	Maintenance of oral hygiene; surgical management of gingival conditions
Behavioral, emotional, and psychiatric disorders treated with CNS medications	Decreased salivary flow	Maintenance of oral hygiene; use of topical fluoride mouth rinses
Chronic renal failure	Uremic bone disease; impaired healing	Maintenance of oral hygiene
Juvenile idiopathic arthritis	Increased caries from sucrose-containing medications	Maintenance of oral hygiene; use of topical fluoride mouth rinses
Bulimia	Erosion of teeth	Restoration of teeth; use of topical fluorides
Gastrostomy	Increased calculus formation	Maintenance of oral hygiene; increased frequency of calculus removal

CNS: central nervous system.

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