Expression patterns of tumor markers in germ cell tumors (GCTs)

Tumor type	Marker
Tumor type	β-hCG	AFP	PLAP	c-Kit
Pure germinoma	–	–	+/–	+
Germinoma (syncytiotrophoblastic)	+	–	+/–	+
Yolk sac tumor	–	+	+/–	–
Choriocarcinoma	+	–	+/–	–
Embryonal carcinoma	+/–	+/–	+	–
Mixed GCT	+/–	+/–	+/–	+/–
Mature teratoma	–	–	–	–
Immature teratoma	+/–	+/–	–	+/–

β-hCG: β-human chorionic gonadotropin; AFP: alpha-fetoprotein; PLAP: placental alkaline phosphatase.

Reference:

Louis DN, Ohgaki H, Wiesterl O, et al. WHO Classification of Tumours of the Central Nervous System, 3rd ed, International Agency for Research on Cancer 2007.

Adapted from Central Nervous System Tumours: WHO Classification of Tumours, 5th ed, Vol. 6, WHO Classification of Tumours Editorial Board, Germ cell tumours, page 389. Copyright © 2021 International Agency for Research on Cancer. https://publications.iarc.fr/Book-And-Report-Series/Who-Classification-Of-Tumours/Central-Nervous-System-Tumours-2021 (Accessed on April 26, 2024).

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