Amobarbital: Drug information

For additional information see "Amobarbital: Patient drug information" and "Amobarbital: Pediatric drug information"

For abbreviations, symbols, and age group definitions show table

Brand Names: US

Amytal Sodium [DSC]

Pharmacologic Category

Barbiturate

Dosing: Adult

Wada test

Wada test (off-label use):

Note: Due to the adverse effects associated with intra-carotid amobarbital and questionable reliability and validity, other less invasive tests (eg, functional MRI) may be recommended (Ref).

Intra-carotid: 60 to 200 mg (usual dose: 125 mg) over 2 to 5 seconds via percutaneous transfemoral catheter; after 30 to 45 minutes has elapsed since completion of first injection, may repeat dose for evaluation of contralateral hemisphere (Ref).

Dosage adjustment for concomitant therapy: Significant drug interactions exist, requiring dose/frequency adjustment or avoidance. Consult drug interactions database for more information.

Dosing: Kidney Impairment: Adult

There are no dosage adjustments provided in the manufacturer's labeling; reduced doses are recommended.

Dosing: Liver Impairment: Adult

There are no dosage adjustments provided in the manufacturer's labeling; reduced doses are recommended. Do not administer to patients with hepatic encephalopathy.

Dosing: Older Adult

Avoid use (Ref).

Dosing: Pediatric

(For additional information see "Amobarbital: Pediatric drug information")

Note: Dosage should be individualized with consideration of patient's age, weight, and medical condition. Although described in the manufacturer labeling, amobarbital is not recommended for use in the management of pediatric insomnia, procedural sedation, or other types of nonprocedural sedation (eg, sedation in mechanically ventilated patients) (Ref).

Sedation, preoperative or procedural

Sedation, preoperative or procedural:

Children ≥6 years and Adolescents: IM (preferred), IV: Usual recommendation: 2 to 3 mg/kg/dose; maximum dose: 500 mg/dose; dosing based on generally recognized expert recommendations; published pediatric trial data is lacking (Ref). The manufacturer describes the ordinary dose range in children 6 to 12 years as 65 to 500 mg and specific dosing recommendations based on patient size are not available; however, in several instances, this may exceed expert weight-based recommendations; if using manufacturer dosing, initiate therapy at the lower end of the range and titrate the dose accordingly.

Intracarotid amobarbital procedure (Wada test): Limited data available; dosing regimens variable: Children ≥6 years and Adolescents: Intra-arterial: 75 to 125 mg/dose; typically administered through femoral arterial catheter; consult institution-specific protocols (Ref).

Dosage adjustment for concomitant therapy: Significant drug interactions exist, requiring dose/frequency adjustment or avoidance. Consult drug interactions database for more information.

Dosing: Kidney Impairment: Pediatric

There are no dosage adjustments provided in the manufacturer's labeling; dosing should be reduced; specific recommendations not available.

Dosing: Liver Impairment: Pediatric

There are no dosage adjustments provided in the manufacturer's labeling; dosing should be reduced; specific recommendations not available; drug is contraindicated in patients with marked hepatic impairment; avoid use in patients with premonitory signs of hepatic coma.

Adverse Reactions

The following adverse drug reactions are derived from product labeling unless otherwise specified. Reactions listed are based on reports for other agents in this same pharmacologic class (barbiturates) and may not be specifically reported for amobarbital.

Frequency not defined:

Cardiovascular: Bradycardia, hypotension, syncope

Gastrointestinal: Constipation, nausea, vomiting

Hematologic & oncologic: Megaloblastic anemia (following chronic phenobarbital use)

Hepatic: Hepatic injury

Hypersensitivity: Hypersensitivity reaction (including angioedema)

Local: Injection-site reaction

Nervous system: Abnormality in thinking, agitation, anxiety, ataxia, central nervous system depression, confusion, dizziness, drowsiness, hallucination, headache, insomnia, nervousness, nightmares, psychiatric disturbance

Neuromuscular & skeletal: Hyperkinetic muscle activity

Respiratory: Apnea, atelectasis (postoperative), hypoventilation

Miscellaneous: Fever

Contraindications

Hypersensitivity to barbiturates or any component of the formulation; history of manifest or latent porphyria; marked liver function impairment; marked respiratory disease in which dyspnea or obstruction is evident.

Warnings/Precautions

Concerns related to adverse effects:

• CNS depression: May cause CNS depression, which may impair physical or mental abilities; patients must be cautioned about performing tasks which require mental alertness (eg, operating machinery or driving).

• Paradoxical responses: May cause paradoxical excitement, particularly in patients with acute or chronic pain.

Disease-related concerns:

• Adrenal insufficiency: Use with caution in patients with adrenal insufficiency. Systemic effects of exogenous and endogenous corticosteroids may be diminished by amobarbital.

• Depression: Use with caution, if at all, in patients with depression or suicidal tendencies.

• Drug abuse: Use with caution, if at all, in patients with a history of substance or alcohol use disorder; potential for drug dependency exists. Tolerance and psychological and physical dependence may occur with prolonged use.

• Hepatic impairment: Use with caution in patients with hepatic impairment, decreased dosage may be needed. Do not administer to patients with hepatic encephalopathy.

• Renal impairment: Use with caution in patients with renal impairment; decreased dosage may be needed.

• Respiratory disease: Use with caution in patients with respiratory disease; may cause respiratory depression.

Special populations:

• Older adults: Avoid use in older adults; may react to barbiturates with marked excitement, depression, and confusion (Beers Criteria [AGS 2019]; manufacturer's labeling).

• Pediatric: Barbiturates repeatedly produce excitement rather than depression in some patients, particularly children. Neonates may experience withdrawal symptoms with chronic maternal use; monitor closely. In pediatric patients, barbiturates may produce paradoxical excitement.

Dosage form specific issues:

• Alkaline solution: Solution for injection is highly alkaline and extravasation may cause local tissue damage with subsequent necrosis.

Other warnings/precautions:

• Administration: Rapid IV administration may cause respiratory depression, apnea, laryngospasm, or vasodilation with a fall in blood pressure; avoid perivascular extravasation or intra-arterial injection; discontinue if patient complains of pain in the limb. Restrict use of IV administration to conditions in which other routes are not feasible, if patient is unconscious (eg, cerebral hemorrhage, eclampsia, or status epilepticus) or patient resists (eg, delirium), or because prompt action is imperative.

• Withdrawal: Abrupt cessation may precipitate withdrawal, including delirium and convulsions (some fatal); withdraw gradually.

Dosage Forms: US

Excipient information presented when available (limited, particularly for generics); consult specific product labeling. [DSC] = Discontinued product

Solution Reconstituted, Injection, as sodium:

Amytal Sodium: 500 mg (1 ea [DSC])

Generic Equivalent Available: US

Pricing: US

Solution (reconstituted) (Amytal Sodium Injection)

500 mg (per each): $879.66

Disclaimer: A representative AWP (Average Wholesale Price) price or price range is provided as reference price only. A range is provided when more than one manufacturer's AWP price is available and uses the low and high price reported by the manufacturers to determine the range. The pricing data should be used for benchmarking purposes only, and as such should not be used alone to set or adjudicate any prices for reimbursement or purchasing functions or considered to be an exact price for a single product and/or manufacturer. Medi-Span expressly disclaims all warranties of any kind or nature, whether express or implied, and assumes no liability with respect to accuracy of price or price range data published in its solutions. In no event shall Medi-Span be liable for special, indirect, incidental, or consequential damages arising from use of price or price range data. Pricing data is updated monthly.

Controlled Substance

C-II

Administration: Adult

IM: Administer deeply into a large muscle. Do not use more than 5 mL (irrespective of concentration) at any single site (may cause tissue damage). Use 20% solution to facilitate larger doses. Superficial IM or subcutaneous injections may be painful and produce sterile abscesses or sloughs.

IV: Use only when IM administration is not feasible. Administer by slow IV injection (maximum rate of infusion: 50 mg/minute in adults).

Intra-carotid (off-label route): Wada test (off-label use): Administer dose over 2 to 5 seconds via percutaneous transfemoral catheter into the internal carotid artery (Ref).

Administration: Pediatric

Parenteral: Following reconstitution, dose must be administered within 30 minutes.

IM (preferred): Administer deeply into a large muscle. Do not use more than 5 mL at any single site (may cause tissue damage).

IV: Use only when IM administration is not feasible. Administer by slow IV injection (maximum rate: 50 mg/minute in adults).

Intracarotid: Wada test: Administer dose over 2 to 5 seconds via percutaneous transfemoral catheter into the internal carotid artery (Ref).

Use: Labeled Indications

Although described in the manufacturer's labeling, amobarbital is not recommended for use in the management of insomnia, procedural sedation, or other types of nonprocedural sedation (eg, sedation in mechanically ventilated patients) (AASM [Sateia 2017]; SCCM [Devlin 2018]).

Use: Off-Label: Adult

Wada test

Medication Safety Issues

Older Adult: High-Risk Medication:

Beers Criteria: Amobarbital is identified in the Beers Criteria as a potentially inappropriate medication to be avoided in patients 65 years and older (independent of diagnosis or condition) due to its high rate of physical dependence, tolerance to sleep benefits, and increased risk of overdose at low dosages (Beers Criteria [AGS 2023]).

Metabolism/Transport Effects

None known.

Drug Interactions

Note: Interacting drugs may not be individually listed below if they are part of a group interaction (eg, individual drugs within “CYP3A4 Inducers [Strong]” are NOT listed). For a complete list of drug interactions by individual drug name and detailed management recommendations, use the drug interactions program by clicking on the “Launch drug interactions program” link above.

Acrivastine: May increase CNS depressant effects of CNS Depressants. Risk C: Monitor

Alcohol (Ethyl): CNS Depressants may increase CNS depressant effects of Alcohol (Ethyl). Risk C: Monitor

Alizapride: May increase CNS depressant effects of CNS Depressants. Risk C: Monitor

Amisulpride (Oral): May increase CNS depressant effects of CNS Depressants. Risk C: Monitor

Articaine: May increase CNS depressant effects of CNS Depressants. Management: Consider reducing the dose of articaine if possible when used in patients who are also receiving CNS depressants. Monitor for excessive CNS depressant effects with any combined use. Risk D: Consider Therapy Modification

Azelastine (Nasal): May increase CNS depressant effects of CNS Depressants. Risk X: Avoid

Benperidol: May increase CNS depressant effects of CNS Depressants. Risk C: Monitor

Blonanserin: CNS Depressants may increase CNS depressant effects of Blonanserin. Management: Use caution if coadministering blonanserin and CNS depressants; dose reduction of the other CNS depressant may be required. Strong CNS depressants should not be coadministered with blonanserin. Risk D: Consider Therapy Modification

Blood Pressure Lowering Agents: Barbiturates may increase hypotensive effects of Blood Pressure Lowering Agents. Risk C: Monitor

Brexanolone: CNS Depressants may increase CNS depressant effects of Brexanolone. Risk C: Monitor

Brimonidine (Topical): May increase CNS depressant effects of CNS Depressants. Risk C: Monitor

Bromopride: May increase CNS depressant effects of CNS Depressants. Risk C: Monitor

Bromperidol: May increase CNS depressant effects of CNS Depressants. Risk X: Avoid

Buclizine: May increase CNS depressant effects of CNS Depressants. Risk C: Monitor

Buprenorphine: CNS Depressants may increase CNS depressant effects of Buprenorphine. Management: Consider reduced doses of other CNS depressants, and avoiding such drugs in patients at high risk of buprenorphine overuse/self-injection. Initiate buprenorphine at lower doses in patients already receiving CNS depressants. Risk D: Consider Therapy Modification

BusPIRone: May increase CNS depressant effects of CNS Depressants. Risk C: Monitor

Cannabinoid-Containing Products: CNS Depressants may increase CNS depressant effects of Cannabinoid-Containing Products. Risk C: Monitor

Cetirizine (Systemic): May increase CNS depressant effects of CNS Depressants. Management: Consider avoiding this combination if possible. If required, monitor for excessive sedation or CNS depression, limit the dose and duration of combination therapy, and consider CNS depressant dose reductions. Risk D: Consider Therapy Modification

Chloral Hydrate/Chloral Betaine: CNS Depressants may increase CNS depressant effects of Chloral Hydrate/Chloral Betaine. Management: Consider alternatives to the use of chloral hydrate or chloral betaine and additional CNS depressants. If combined, consider a dose reduction of either agent and monitor closely for enhanced CNS depressive effects. Risk D: Consider Therapy Modification

Chlormethiazole: May increase CNS depressant effects of CNS Depressants. Management: Monitor closely for evidence of excessive CNS depression. The chlormethiazole labeling states that an appropriately reduced dose should be used if such a combination must be used. Risk D: Consider Therapy Modification

Chlorphenesin Carbamate: May increase adverse/toxic effects of CNS Depressants. Risk C: Monitor

CNS Depressants: May increase adverse/toxic effects of CNS Depressants. Risk C: Monitor

Dantrolene: May increase CNS depressant effects of CNS Depressants. Risk C: Monitor

Daridorexant: May increase CNS depressant effects of CNS Depressants. Management: Dose reduction of daridorexant and/or any other CNS depressant may be necessary. Use of daridorexant with alcohol is not recommended, and the use of daridorexant with any other drug to treat insomnia is not recommended. Risk D: Consider Therapy Modification

DexmedeTOMIDine: CNS Depressants may increase CNS depressant effects of DexmedeTOMIDine. Management: Monitor for increased CNS depression during coadministration of dexmedetomidine and CNS depressants, and consider dose reductions of either agent to avoid excessive CNS depression. Risk D: Consider Therapy Modification

Difelikefalin: May increase CNS depressant effects of CNS Depressants. Risk C: Monitor

Difenoxin: May increase CNS depressant effects of CNS Depressants. Risk C: Monitor

Dihydralazine: CNS Depressants may increase hypotensive effects of Dihydralazine. Risk C: Monitor

Dimethindene (Topical): May increase CNS depressant effects of CNS Depressants. Risk C: Monitor

Doxycycline: Barbiturates may decrease serum concentration of Doxycycline. Risk C: Monitor

Doxylamine: CNS Depressants may increase CNS depressant effects of Doxylamine. Risk C: Monitor

DroPERidol: May increase CNS depressant effects of CNS Depressants. Management: Consider dose reductions of droperidol or of other CNS agents (eg, opioids, barbiturates) with concomitant use. Risk D: Consider Therapy Modification

Emedastine (Systemic): May increase CNS depressant effects of CNS Depressants. Management: Consider avoiding this combination if possible. If required, monitor for excessive sedation or CNS depression, limit the dose and duration of combination therapy, and consider CNS depressant dose reductions. Risk C: Monitor

Entacapone: May increase CNS depressant effects of CNS Depressants. Risk C: Monitor

Esketamine (Nasal): May increase CNS depressant effects of CNS Depressants. Risk C: Monitor

Flunarizine: CNS Depressants may increase CNS depressant effects of Flunarizine. Risk X: Avoid

Flunitrazepam: CNS Depressants may increase CNS depressant effects of Flunitrazepam. Management: Reduce the dose of CNS depressants when combined with flunitrazepam and monitor patients for evidence of CNS depression (eg, sedation, respiratory depression). Use non-CNS depressant alternatives when available. Risk D: Consider Therapy Modification

Griseofulvin: Barbiturates may decrease serum concentration of Griseofulvin. Risk C: Monitor

Hemin: Barbiturates may decrease therapeutic effects of Hemin. Risk X: Avoid

HydrOXYzine: May increase CNS depressant effects of CNS Depressants. Management: Consider a decrease in the CNS depressant dose, as appropriate, when used together with hydroxyzine. Increase monitoring of signs/symptoms of CNS depression in any patient receiving hydroxyzine together with another CNS depressant. Risk D: Consider Therapy Modification

Ixabepilone: May increase CNS depressant effects of CNS Depressants. Risk C: Monitor

Kava Kava: May increase CNS depressant effects of CNS Depressants. Risk C: Monitor

Ketotifen (Systemic): May increase CNS depressant effects of CNS Depressants. Risk C: Monitor

Kratom: May increase CNS depressant effects of CNS Depressants. Risk X: Avoid

Lemborexant: May increase CNS depressant effects of CNS Depressants. Management: Dosage adjustments of lemborexant and of concomitant CNS depressants may be necessary when administered together because of potentially additive CNS depressant effects. Close monitoring for CNS depressant effects is necessary. Risk D: Consider Therapy Modification

Levocetirizine: May increase CNS depressant effects of CNS Depressants. Risk C: Monitor

Lisuride: May increase CNS depressant effects of CNS Depressants. Risk C: Monitor

Lofexidine: May increase CNS depressant effects of CNS Depressants. Risk C: Monitor

Loxapine: CNS Depressants may increase CNS depressant effects of Loxapine. Management: Consider reducing the dose of CNS depressants administered concomitantly with loxapine due to an increased risk of respiratory depression, sedation, hypotension, and syncope. Risk D: Consider Therapy Modification

Magnesium Sulfate: May increase CNS depressant effects of CNS Depressants. Risk C: Monitor

Mequitazine: May increase CNS depressant effects of CNS Depressants. Risk C: Monitor

Metergoline: May increase CNS depressant effects of CNS Depressants. Risk C: Monitor

Methotrimeprazine: CNS Depressants may increase CNS depressant effects of Methotrimeprazine. Methotrimeprazine may increase CNS depressant effects of CNS Depressants. Management: Reduce the usual dose of CNS depressants by 50% if starting methotrimeprazine until the dose of methotrimeprazine is stable. Monitor patient closely for evidence of CNS depression. Risk D: Consider Therapy Modification

Methoxyflurane: Barbiturates may increase nephrotoxic effects of Methoxyflurane. Barbiturates may increase metabolism of Methoxyflurane. Risk X: Avoid

Metoclopramide: May increase CNS depressant effects of CNS Depressants. Risk C: Monitor

MetyroSINE: CNS Depressants may increase sedative effects of MetyroSINE. Risk C: Monitor

Mianserin: May increase CNS depressant effects of Barbiturates. Mianserin may decrease therapeutic effects of Barbiturates. Barbiturates may decrease serum concentration of Mianserin. Risk X: Avoid

Minocycline (Systemic): May increase CNS depressant effects of CNS Depressants. Risk C: Monitor

Moxonidine: May increase CNS depressant effects of CNS Depressants. Risk C: Monitor

Multivitamins/Minerals (with ADEK, Folate, Iron): May decrease serum concentration of Barbiturates. Risk C: Monitor

Nabilone: May increase CNS depressant effects of CNS Depressants. Risk X: Avoid

Nalfurafine: May increase CNS depressant effects of CNS Depressants. Risk C: Monitor

Noscapine: CNS Depressants may increase adverse/toxic effects of Noscapine. Risk X: Avoid

Olopatadine (Nasal): May increase CNS depressant effects of CNS Depressants. Risk X: Avoid

Opicapone: May increase CNS depressant effects of CNS Depressants. Risk C: Monitor

Opioid Agonists: CNS Depressants may increase CNS depressant effects of Opioid Agonists. Management: Avoid concomitant use of opioid agonists and benzodiazepines or other CNS depressants when possible. These agents should only be combined if alternative treatment options are inadequate. If combined, limit the dosages and duration of each drug. Risk D: Consider Therapy Modification

Opipramol: May increase CNS depressant effects of CNS Depressants. Risk C: Monitor

Orphenadrine: CNS Depressants may increase CNS depressant effects of Orphenadrine. Risk X: Avoid

Oxomemazine: May increase CNS depressant effects of CNS Depressants. Risk X: Avoid

Oxybate Salt Products: Barbiturates may increase CNS depressant effects of Oxybate Salt Products. Risk X: Avoid

OxyCODONE: CNS Depressants may increase CNS depressant effects of OxyCODONE. Management: Avoid concomitant use of oxycodone and benzodiazepines or other CNS depressants when possible. These agents should only be combined if alternative treatment options are inadequate. If combined, limit the dosages and duration of each drug. Risk D: Consider Therapy Modification

Paliperidone: May increase CNS depressant effects of CNS Depressants. Risk C: Monitor

Paraldehyde: CNS Depressants may increase CNS depressant effects of Paraldehyde. Risk X: Avoid

Perampanel: May increase CNS depressant effects of CNS Depressants. Risk C: Monitor

Periciazine: May increase CNS depressant effects of CNS Depressants. Risk C: Monitor

Pipamperone: May increase adverse/toxic effects of CNS Depressants. Risk C: Monitor

Piribedil: CNS Depressants may increase CNS depressant effects of Piribedil. Risk C: Monitor

Pizotifen: May increase CNS depressant effects of CNS Depressants. Risk C: Monitor

Pramipexole: CNS Depressants may increase sedative effects of Pramipexole. Risk C: Monitor

Procarbazine: May increase CNS depressant effects of CNS Depressants. Risk C: Monitor

Rilmenidine: May increase CNS depressant effects of CNS Depressants. Risk C: Monitor

Ropeginterferon Alfa-2b: CNS Depressants may increase adverse/toxic effects of Ropeginterferon Alfa-2b. Specifically, the risk of neuropsychiatric adverse effects may be increased. Management: Avoid coadministration of ropeginterferon alfa-2b and other CNS depressants. If this combination cannot be avoided, monitor patients for neuropsychiatric adverse effects (eg, depression, suicidal ideation, aggression, mania). Risk D: Consider Therapy Modification

ROPINIRole: CNS Depressants may increase sedative effects of ROPINIRole. Risk C: Monitor

Rotigotine: CNS Depressants may increase sedative effects of Rotigotine. Risk C: Monitor

Suvorexant: CNS Depressants may increase CNS depressant effects of Suvorexant. Management: Dose reduction of suvorexant and/or any other CNS depressant may be necessary. Use of suvorexant with alcohol is not recommended, and the use of suvorexant with any other drug to treat insomnia is not recommended. Risk D: Consider Therapy Modification

Thalidomide: CNS Depressants may increase CNS depressant effects of Thalidomide. Risk X: Avoid

Theophylline Derivatives: Barbiturates may decrease serum concentration of Theophylline Derivatives. Risk C: Monitor

Tricyclic Antidepressants: Barbiturates may increase metabolism of Tricyclic Antidepressants. Management: Monitor for decreased efficacy of tricyclic antidepressants if a barbiturate is initiated/dose increased, or increased effects if a barbiturate is discontinued/dose decreased. Tricyclic antidepressant dose adjustments are likely required. Risk D: Consider Therapy Modification

Trimeprazine: May increase CNS depressant effects of CNS Depressants. Risk C: Monitor

Valerian: May increase CNS depressant effects of CNS Depressants. Risk C: Monitor

Valproic Acid and Derivatives: May increase CNS depressant effects of Barbiturates. Valproic Acid and Derivatives may increase serum concentration of Barbiturates. Barbiturates may decrease serum concentration of Valproic Acid and Derivatives. Risk C: Monitor

Vitamin K Antagonists: Barbiturates may increase metabolism of Vitamin K Antagonists. Management: Monitor INR more closely. Anticoagulant dose increases of 30% to 60% may be needed after a barbiturate is initiated or given at an increased dose. Anticoagulant dose decreases may be needed following barbiturate discontinuation or dose reduction. Risk D: Consider Therapy Modification

Zolpidem: CNS Depressants may increase CNS depressant effects of Zolpidem. Management: Reduce the Intermezzo brand sublingual zolpidem adult dose to 1.75 mg for men who are also receiving other CNS depressants. No such dose change is recommended for women. Avoid use with other CNS depressants at bedtime; avoid use with alcohol. Risk D: Consider Therapy Modification

Zuranolone: May increase CNS depressant effects of CNS Depressants. Management: Consider alternatives to the use of zuranolone with other CNS depressants or alcohol. If combined, consider a zuranolone dose reduction and monitor patients closely for increased CNS depressant effects. Risk D: Consider Therapy Modification

Pregnancy Considerations

Barbiturates cross the placenta and distribute in fetal tissue. Teratogenic effects have been reported with first trimester exposure. Exposure during the third trimester may lead to symptoms of acute withdrawal following delivery; symptoms may be delayed up to 14 days.

Breastfeeding Considerations

Small amounts of barbiturates are present in breast milk; information specific for amobarbital is not available. The manufacturer recommends that caution be used if administered to a patient who is breastfeeding.

Monitoring Parameters

Vital signs and cardiac function (during IV administration); renal and hepatic function with prolonged therapy.

Reference Range

Therapeutic: 1 to 5 mcg/mL (SI: 4.4 to 22.1 micromole/L)

Toxic: >10 mcg/mL (SI: >44.2 micromole/L)

Lethal: >50 mcg/mL (SI: >221 micromole/L)

Mechanism of Action

An intermediate-acting barbiturate; barbiturates depress the sensory cortex, decrease motor activity, and alter cerebellar function producing drowsiness, sedation, and hypnosis.

Pharmacokinetics (Adult Data Unless Noted)

Onset of action: Rapid, within minutes

Duration of action: Variable

Metabolism: Primarily hepatic via microsomal enzymes

Half-life elimination: 16 to 40 hours (mean: 25 hours)

Time to peak: Maximum effect: Hours

Excretion: Urine (as metabolites, negligible amounts excreted unchanged in urine); feces (metabolites)

Brand Names: International

International Brand Names by Country

For country code abbreviations (show table)

(FR) France: Amytal;
(IE) Ireland: Amytal Sodium;
(JP) Japan: Amybal | Isomytal;
(KR) Korea, Republic of: Amytal Sodium;
(PR) Puerto Rico: Amytal Sodium;
(SE) Sweden: Isomyl natrium;
(TH) Thailand: Amytal Sodium;
(TW) Taiwan: Isomytal Sodium

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Amobarbital: Drug information