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Normal reference range of laboratory tests in pregnancy

Normal reference range of laboratory tests in pregnancy
Test Normal (reference) range
First trimester Second trimester Third trimester
Sodium (mEq/L) 135 to 139 131.8 to 136.2 134.6 to 137.4
Potassium (mEq/L) 3.6 to 5 3.3 to 5 3.3 to 5.1
Chloride (mEq/L) 101 to 105 97 to 109 97 to 109
BUN (mg/dL) 7 to 12 3 to 13 3 to 11
Creatinine (mg/dL) 0.4 to 0.8 0.4 to 0.7 0.4 to 0.9
Calcium (mg/dL) 8.8 to 10.6 8.2 to 9 8.2 to 9.7
Magnesium (mg/dL) 1.6 to 2.2 1.5 to 2.2 1.5 to 2.2
Phosphate (mg/dL) 3.1 to 4.6 2.5 to 4.6 2.8 to 4.6
Uric acid (mg/dL) 2 to 4.2 2.4 to 4.9 3.1 to 6.3
Albumin (g/dL) 3.1 to 5.1 2.6 to 4.5 2.3 to 4.2
24-hour protein excretion (mg) 19 to 141 47 to 186 46 to 185
Cystatin C (mg/L; upper limit) 0.9 1.04 1.6
BUN: blood urea nitrogen.
Data from:
  1. Abbassi-Ghanavati M, Greer LG. Appendix I: Serum and Blood Constituents. In: Williams Obstetrics, 26th edition, Cunningham FG, Leveno KJ, Dashe JS, Hoffman BL, Spong CY, Casey BM, McGraw-Hill, New York, 2022.
  2. Shakhmatova EI, Osipova NA, Natochin YV. Changes in osmolality and blood serum ion concentrations in pregnancy. Human Physiology 2000; 26:92.
  3. Schmitz EM, Langelaan ML, de Groot MJ, et al. Trimester-specific reference intervals for cystatin C and neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin during pregnancy. Ann Clin Biochem 2022; 59:199.
  4. Harel Z, McArthur E, Hladunewich M, et al. Serum Creatinine Levels Before, During, and After Pregnancy. JAMA 2019; 321:205.
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