Minimum frequency of cardiac implantable electronic device (CIED) follow-up

Type	Frequency	Delivery method
Immediate post-implant check	Within 72 hours	In person
Early post-implant check	2 to 12 weeks	In person
Routine PPM/CRT-PPM check	Every 3 to 12 months	In person or remote
Routine ICD/CRT-D	Every 3 to 6 months	In person or remote
Following one ICD/CRT-D shock	Within 24 to 48 hours	In person or remote
Following >1 ICD/CRT-D shocks	Immediately	In person
Any CIED until signs of battery depletion	Annually	In person
Any CIED following signs of battery depletion	Every 1 to 3 months	In person or remote

CIED: cardiac implantable electronic device; CRT: cardiac resynchronization therapy; ICD: implantable cardioverter-defibrillator; PPM: permanent pacemaker.

Adapted from: Wilkoff BL, Auricchio A, Brugada J, et al. HRS/EHRA expert consensus on the monitoring of cardiovascular implantable electronic devices (CIEDs): description of techniques, indications, personnel, frequency and ethical considerations. Heart Rhythm 2008; 5:907.

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Minimum frequency of cardiac implantable electronic device (CIED) follow-up