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Acetaminophen and pseudoephedrine: Drug information

Acetaminophen and pseudoephedrine: Drug information
(For additional information see "Acetaminophen and pseudoephedrine: Patient drug information")

For abbreviations, symbols, and age group definitions used in Lexicomp (show table)
Brand Names: US
  • Nexafed Sinus Pressure + Pain [OTC]
Pharmacologic Category
  • Alpha-/Beta- Agonist;
  • Analgesic, Miscellaneous
Dosing: Adult
Sinus congestion/headache

Sinus congestion/headache: Oral: 2 tablets (acetaminophen 650 mg/pseudoephedrine 60 mg) every 4 to 6 hours as needed (maximum: 8 tablets [acetaminophen 2,600 mg/pseudoephedrine 240 mg] per day).

Dosage adjustment for concomitant therapy: Significant drug interactions exist, requiring dose/frequency adjustment or avoidance. Consult drug interactions database for more information.

Dosing: Kidney Impairment: Adult

There are no dosage adjustments provided in the manufacturer's labeling.

Dosing: Hepatic Impairment: Adult

There are no dosage adjustments provided in the manufacturer's labeling; use with caution in patients with hepatic impairment or active liver disease.

Dosing: Older Adult

Refer to adult dosing.

Dosing: Pediatric
Sinus congestion/headache

Sinus congestion/headache: Oral: Children ≥12 years of age and Adolescents: Refer to adult dosing.

Dosage adjustment for concomitant therapy: Significant drug interactions exist, requiring dose/frequency adjustment or avoidance. Consult drug interactions database for more information.

Dosing: Hepatic Impairment: Pediatric

Use with caution. Limited, low-dose therapy is usually well tolerated in hepatic disease/cirrhosis; however, cases of hepatotoxicity at daily acetaminophen dosages <4 g/day have been reported. Avoid chronic use in hepatic impairment.

Adverse Reactions

See individual agents.

Contraindications

OTC labeling: When used for self-medication, do not use with any other drug containing acetaminophen; in combination with or within 14 days of stopping an MAOI.

Significant drug interactions exist, requiring dose/frequency adjustment or avoidance. Consult drug interactions database for more information.

Warnings/Precautions

Concerns related to adverse effects:

• Hepatotoxicity: Acetaminophen has been associated with acute liver failure, at times resulting in liver transplant and death. Hepatotoxicity is usually associated with excessive acetaminophen intake and often involves more than one product that contains acetaminophen. Do not exceed the maximum recommended daily dose (>4 g daily in adults). In addition, long-term daily dosing may also result in liver damage in some patients.

• Hypersensitivity/anaphylactic reactions: Hypersensitivity and anaphylactic reactions have been reported; discontinue immediately if symptoms of allergic or hypersensitivity reactions occur.

• Skin reactions: Rarely, acetaminophen may cause serious and potentially fatal skin reactions such as acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis, Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS), and toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN). Discontinue treatment if severe skin reactions develop.

Disease-related concerns:

• Cardiovascular disease: Use with caution in patients with cardiovascular disease (including hypertension and ischemic heart disease).

• Diabetes: Use with caution in patients with diabetes mellitus.

• Ethanol use: Use with caution in patients with alcoholic liver disease; consuming ≥3 alcoholic drinks/day may increase the risk of liver damage. Avoid ethanol or limit to <3 alcoholic drinks/day.

• G6PD deficiency: Use with caution in patients with known G6PD deficiency.

• Hepatic impairment: Use caution in patients with hepatic impairment or active liver disease.

• Increased intraocular pressure/glaucoma: Use with caution in patients with increased intraocular pressure or angle-closure glaucoma.

• Prostatic hyperplasia/urinary obstruction: Use with caution in patients with prostatic hyperplasia and/or GU obstruction.

• Thyroid dysfunction: Use with caution in patients with thyroid dysfunction.

Special populations:

• Older adult: Use with caution in the elderly; may be more sensitive to adverse effects.

Other warnings/precautions:

• Dosage limit: Limit acetaminophen dose to <4 g/day (adults) or <2.6 g/day (children <12 years of age).

• Self-medication (OTC use): When used for self-medication, notify health care provider prior to use if you have liver disease, heart disease, high BP, thyroid disease, diabetes, difficultly in urination due to enlargement of the prostate gland, or are currently taking a blood thinner. Discontinue use and notify health care provider if new symptoms occur; pain or nasal congestion worsens or lasts >7 days; fever worsens or lasts >3 days; if any new symptoms or nervousness, dizziness, or sleeplessness occur; or if redness or swelling is present.

Dosage Forms: US

Excipient information presented when available (limited, particularly for generics); consult specific product labeling.

Tablet, Oral:

Nexafed Sinus Pressure + Pain: Acetaminophen 325 mg and pseudoephedrine hydrochloride 30 mg

Generic Equivalent Available: US

No

Pricing: US

Tablets (Nexafed Sinus Pressure + Pain Oral)

30-325 mg (per each): $0.58

Disclaimer: A representative AWP (Average Wholesale Price) price or price range is provided as reference price only. A range is provided when more than one manufacturer's AWP price is available and uses the low and high price reported by the manufacturers to determine the range. The pricing data should be used for benchmarking purposes only, and as such should not be used alone to set or adjudicate any prices for reimbursement or purchasing functions or considered to be an exact price for a single product and/or manufacturer. Medi-Span expressly disclaims all warranties of any kind or nature, whether express or implied, and assumes no liability with respect to accuracy of price or price range data published in its solutions. In no event shall Medi-Span be liable for special, indirect, incidental, or consequential damages arising from use of price or price range data. Pricing data is updated monthly.

Administration: Pediatric

Oral: Take with a full glass of water.

Use: Labeled Indications

Sinus congestion/headache: Temporary relief of headache, sinus congestion and pressure, nasal congestion, and minor aches and pains; decongests sinus openings and passages; promotes sinus drainage; clears nasal passages.

Medication Safety Issues
Other safety concerns:

Duplicate therapy issues: This product contains acetaminophen, which may be a component of other combination products. Do not exceed the maximum recommended daily dose of acetaminophen.

Metabolism/Transport Effects

Refer to individual components.

Drug Interactions

Note: Interacting drugs may not be individually listed below if they are part of a group interaction (eg, individual drugs within “CYP3A4 Inducers [Strong]” are NOT listed). For a complete list of drug interactions by individual drug name and detailed management recommendations, use the Lexicomp drug interactions program by clicking on the “Launch drug interactions program” link above.

Alcohol (Ethyl): May enhance the hepatotoxic effect of Acetaminophen. Risk C: Monitor therapy

Alkalinizing Agents: May increase the serum concentration of Alpha-/Beta-Agonists (Indirect-Acting). Risk C: Monitor therapy

Alpha1-Blockers: May diminish the vasoconstricting effect of Alpha-/Beta-Agonists. Similarly, Alpha-/Beta-Agonists may antagonize Alpha1-Blocker vasodilation. Risk C: Monitor therapy

Atomoxetine: May enhance the hypertensive effect of Sympathomimetics. Atomoxetine may enhance the tachycardic effect of Sympathomimetics. Risk C: Monitor therapy

Benzylpenicilloyl Polylysine: Alpha-/Beta-Agonists may diminish the diagnostic effect of Benzylpenicilloyl Polylysine. Management: Consider use of a histamine skin test as a positive control to assess a patient's ability to mount a wheal and flare response. Risk D: Consider therapy modification

Bromocriptine: May enhance the hypertensive effect of Alpha-/Beta-Agonists. Management: Consider alternatives to this combination when possible. If combined, monitor for hypertension and tachycardia, and do not coadminister these agents for more than 10 days. Risk D: Consider therapy modification

Busulfan: Acetaminophen may increase the serum concentration of Busulfan. Risk C: Monitor therapy

Cannabinoid-Containing Products: May enhance the tachycardic effect of Sympathomimetics. Risk C: Monitor therapy

CarBAMazepine: May increase the metabolism of Acetaminophen. This may 1) diminish the effect of acetaminophen; and 2) increase the risk of liver damage. Risk C: Monitor therapy

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors: May increase the serum concentration of Alpha-/Beta-Agonists (Indirect-Acting). Risk C: Monitor therapy

Chloroprocaine (Systemic): May enhance the hypertensive effect of Alpha-/Beta-Agonists. Risk C: Monitor therapy

Cocaine (Topical): May enhance the hypertensive effect of Sympathomimetics. Management: Consider alternatives to use of this combination when possible. Monitor closely for substantially increased blood pressure or heart rate and for any evidence of myocardial ischemia with concurrent use. Risk D: Consider therapy modification

Dapsone (Topical): May enhance the adverse/toxic effect of Methemoglobinemia Associated Agents. Risk C: Monitor therapy

Dasatinib: Acetaminophen may enhance the hepatotoxic effect of Dasatinib. Dasatinib may increase the serum concentration of Acetaminophen. Management: Avoid coadministration of acetaminophen and dasatinib if possible. If coadministration is unavoidable, monitor for signs/symptoms of hepatotoxicity, particularly in patients with greater acetaminophen exposure. Risk D: Consider therapy modification

Doxofylline: Sympathomimetics may enhance the adverse/toxic effect of Doxofylline. Risk C: Monitor therapy

Ergot Derivatives (Vasoconstrictive CYP3A4 Substrates): May enhance the vasoconstricting effect of Alpha-/Beta-Agonists. Risk X: Avoid combination

FentaNYL: Decongestants may decrease the serum concentration of FentaNYL. Risk C: Monitor therapy

Flucloxacillin: May enhance the adverse/toxic effect of Acetaminophen. Specifically, the risk for high anion gap metabolic acidosis may be increased. Risk C: Monitor therapy

Fosphenytoin-Phenytoin: May decrease the serum concentration of Acetaminophen. Specifically, serum concentrations of acetaminophen may be decreased (leading to decreased efficacy), but the formation of the toxic N-acetyl-p-benzoquinone imine (NAPQI) metabolite may be increased (leading to increased hepatotoxicity). Risk C: Monitor therapy

Guanethidine: May enhance the arrhythmogenic effect of Sympathomimetics. Guanethidine may enhance the hypertensive effect of Sympathomimetics. Risk C: Monitor therapy

Imatinib: Acetaminophen may enhance the hepatotoxic effect of Imatinib. Risk C: Monitor therapy

Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors (Anti-PD-1, -PD-L1, and -CTLA4 Therapies): Acetaminophen may diminish the therapeutic effect of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors (Anti-PD-1, -PD-L1, and -CTLA4 Therapies). Risk C: Monitor therapy

Iobenguane Radiopharmaceutical Products: Alpha-/Beta-Agonists (Indirect-Acting) may diminish the therapeutic effect of Iobenguane Radiopharmaceutical Products. Management: Discontinue all drugs that may inhibit or interfere with catecholamine transport or uptake for at least 5 biological half-lives before iobenguane administration. Do not administer these drugs until at least 7 days after each iobenguane dose. Risk X: Avoid combination

Isoniazid: May enhance the hepatotoxic effect of Acetaminophen. Isoniazid may increase the metabolism of Acetaminophen. Specifically, formation of the hepatotoxic NAPQI metabolite may be increased. Risk C: Monitor therapy

Kratom: May enhance the adverse/toxic effect of Sympathomimetics. Risk X: Avoid combination

LamoTRIgine: Acetaminophen may decrease the serum concentration of LamoTRIgine. Risk C: Monitor therapy

Levothyroxine: May enhance the adverse/toxic effect of Sympathomimetics. Specifically, the risk of coronary insufficiency may be increased in patients with coronary artery disease. Levothyroxine may enhance the therapeutic effect of Sympathomimetics. Sympathomimetics may enhance the therapeutic effect of Levothyroxine. Risk C: Monitor therapy

Linezolid: May enhance the hypertensive effect of Sympathomimetics. Management: Consider initial dose reductions of sympathomimetic agents, and closely monitor for enhanced blood pressure elevations, in patients receiving linezolid. Risk D: Consider therapy modification

Lisuride: May enhance the hypertensive effect of Alpha-/Beta-Agonists. Risk X: Avoid combination

Local Anesthetics: Methemoglobinemia Associated Agents may enhance the adverse/toxic effect of Local Anesthetics. Specifically, the risk for methemoglobinemia may be increased. Risk C: Monitor therapy

Lorlatinib: May decrease the serum concentration of Acetaminophen. Risk C: Monitor therapy

MetyraPONE: May increase the serum concentration of Acetaminophen. More importantly, by inhibiting the conjugative metabolism of acetaminophen, metyrapone may shift the metabolism towards the oxidative route that produces a hepatotoxic metabolite. Risk X: Avoid combination

Mipomersen: Acetaminophen may enhance the hepatotoxic effect of Mipomersen. Risk C: Monitor therapy

Mitapivat: May decrease the serum concentration of UGT1A1 Substrates. Risk C: Monitor therapy

Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors: May enhance the hypertensive effect of Alpha-/Beta-Agonists (Indirect-Acting). While linezolid is expected to interact via this mechanism, management recommendations differ from other monoamine oxidase inhibitors. Refer to linezolid specific monographs for details. Risk X: Avoid combination

Nitric Oxide: May enhance the adverse/toxic effect of Methemoglobinemia Associated Agents. Combinations of these agents may increase the likelihood of significant methemoglobinemia. Risk C: Monitor therapy

Ozanimod: May enhance the hypertensive effect of Sympathomimetics. Risk C: Monitor therapy

Pergolide: May enhance the hypertensive effect of Alpha-/Beta-Agonists. Risk C: Monitor therapy

PHENobarbital: May increase the metabolism of Acetaminophen. Specifically, formation of the hepatotoxic NAPQI metabolite may be increased. Risk C: Monitor therapy

Phenylephrine (Systemic): Acetaminophen may increase the serum concentration of Phenylephrine (Systemic). Risk C: Monitor therapy

Prilocaine: Methemoglobinemia Associated Agents may enhance the adverse/toxic effect of Prilocaine. Combinations of these agents may increase the likelihood of significant methemoglobinemia. Management: Monitor patients for signs of methemoglobinemia (e.g., hypoxia, cyanosis) when prilocaine is used in combination with other agents associated with development of methemoglobinemia. Avoid lidocaine/prilocaine in infants receiving such agents. Risk C: Monitor therapy

Primidone: May increase the metabolism of Acetaminophen. Specifically, formation of the hepatotoxic NAPQI metabolite may be increased. Risk C: Monitor therapy

Probenecid: May increase the serum concentration of Acetaminophen. Probenecid may also limit the formation of at least one major non-toxic metabolite, possibly increasing the potential for formation of the toxic NAPQI metabolite. Management: Consider limiting acetaminophen use in combination with probenecid. Probenecid may reduce clearance of acetaminophen to one of its non-toxic metabolities, increasing the risk for acetaminophen toxicity, even a lower doses. Risk D: Consider therapy modification

Reserpine: May diminish the therapeutic effect of Alpha-/Beta-Agonists (Indirect-Acting). Risk C: Monitor therapy

RifAMPin: May enhance the hepatotoxic effect of Acetaminophen. RifAMPin may decrease the serum concentration of Acetaminophen. Risk C: Monitor therapy

Serotonin/Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitors: May enhance the tachycardic effect of Alpha-/Beta-Agonists. Serotonin/Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitors may enhance the vasopressor effect of Alpha-/Beta-Agonists. Management: If possible, avoid coadministration of direct-acting alpha-/beta-agonists and serotonin/norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors. If coadministered, monitor for increased sympathomimetic effects (eg, increased blood pressure, chest pain, headache). Risk D: Consider therapy modification

Sodium Nitrite: Methemoglobinemia Associated Agents may enhance the adverse/toxic effect of Sodium Nitrite. Combinations of these agents may increase the likelihood of significant methemoglobinemia. Risk C: Monitor therapy

Solriamfetol: Sympathomimetics may enhance the hypertensive effect of Solriamfetol. Sympathomimetics may enhance the tachycardic effect of Solriamfetol. Risk C: Monitor therapy

SORAfenib: Acetaminophen may enhance the hepatotoxic effect of SORAfenib. SORAfenib may increase the serum concentration of Acetaminophen. Management: Avoid coadministration of acetaminophen and sorafenib if possible. If coadministration is unavoidable, monitor for signs/symptoms of hepatotoxicity, particularly in patients with greater acetaminophen exposure. Risk D: Consider therapy modification

Spironolactone: May diminish the vasoconstricting effect of Alpha-/Beta-Agonists. Risk C: Monitor therapy

Sympathomimetics: May enhance the adverse/toxic effect of other Sympathomimetics. Risk C: Monitor therapy

Tedizolid: May enhance the hypertensive effect of Sympathomimetics. Tedizolid may enhance the tachycardic effect of Sympathomimetics. Risk C: Monitor therapy

Tricyclic Antidepressants: May enhance the vasopressor effect of Alpha-/Beta-Agonists. Management: Avoid, if possible, the use of alpha-/beta-agonists in patients receiving tricyclic antidepressants. If combined, monitor for evidence of increased pressor effects and consider reductions in initial dosages of the alpha-/beta-agonist. Risk D: Consider therapy modification

Urinary Acidifying Agents: May decrease the serum concentration of Alpha-/Beta-Agonists (Indirect-Acting). Risk C: Monitor therapy

Vaccines: Acetaminophen may diminish the therapeutic effect of Vaccines. Management: Consider avoiding routine prophylactic use of acetaminophen before or during vaccine administration when possible. Acetaminophen is still recommended to treat fevers and/or pain that occurs after vaccination. Risk D: Consider therapy modification

Vitamin K Antagonists (eg, warfarin): Acetaminophen may enhance the anticoagulant effect of Vitamin K Antagonists. This appears most likely with daily acetaminophen doses exceeding 1.3 or 2 g/day for multiple consecutive days. Risk C: Monitor therapy

Pregnancy Considerations

Refer to individual monographs.

Breastfeeding Considerations

Refer to individual monographs.

Mechanism of Action

Acetaminophen: Although not fully elucidated, the analgesic effects are believed to be due to activation of descending serotonergic inhibitory pathways in the CNS. Interactions with other nociceptive systems may be involved as well (Smith 2009). Antipyresis is produced from inhibition of the hypothalamic heat-regulating center.

Pseudoephedrine: Causes vasoconstriction of the arterioles of the nasal mucosa.

Pharmacokinetics (Adult Data Unless Noted)

See individual agents.

Brand Names: International
International Brand Names by Country
For country code abbreviations (show table)

  • (AE) United Arab Emirates: Panadol sinus | Sinofree;
  • (AU) Australia: Amcal cold & flu | Amcal cold and flu relief | Apohealth sinus & pain relief | Chemists' own cold & flu relief pe | Chemists' own day + night cold & flu relief | Chemists' own day+ night cold & flu relief | Chemists' own sinus + pain relief | Codral original cold & flu | Codral original day & night | Dimatab Cold | Noumed cold & flu relief | O/n sinus + pain | Otrivin sinus rel | Panadol sinus | Panadol sinus relief day & night original formula | Panadol sinus relief original formula | Pharmacy action cold & flu pse | Pharmacy care sinus pain relief | Pharmacy choice cold & flu | Pharmacy health sinus pain relief | Priceline pharmacy sinus pain relief | Sinus pain | Sinus pain relief | Sinutab sinus/pain | Soul pattinson day plus night sinus relief | Sudafed sinus + pain relief | Twp sinus | Tylenol sinus n/d;
  • (BE) Belgium: Parasineg | Sinutab | Sinutab forte;
  • (CH) Switzerland: Neocitran Schnupfen/Erkaeltung | Panadol Antigrippine;
  • (CL) Chile: Cortigrip | Panadol antigripal | Winpac;
  • (CN) China: An fen wei ma pian (I) | Bi ting | Lan di | Li le | Paracetamol and pseudoephedrine hydrochloride | Xin ai de | Yu an li ke;
  • (CO) Colombia: Noxpirin | Sinutab n.s. | Tylenol sinus;
  • (CZ) Czech Republic: Panadol plus grip;
  • (DO) Dominican Republic: Acrogesico D | Panadol antigripal | Resfridol NS | Tylenol sinus;
  • (EG) Egypt: Adol sinus | Cetaphed | Panadol sinus;
  • (ET) Ethiopia: Paracetamol+pseudoephedrine hcl;
  • (FR) France: Doli rhume | Dolirhume paracetamol et pseudoephedrine | Rhumagrip;
  • (GB) United Kingdom: Boots decongestant tablets with paracetamol | Boots decongestant with pain relief | Contac dual relief | Contac Non Drowsy Dual Relief | Sinutab;
  • (GR) Greece: Panadol Cold&Flu;
  • (HK) Hong Kong: Dristan Cold Maximum Strength;
  • (ID) Indonesia: Dicom dn | Sinutab nf | Sudafed compound;
  • (IE) Ireland: Panadol fever and congestion | Paralief sinus | Solpa sinus | Sudaplus;
  • (IL) Israel: Dexamol sinus | Paramol af day care;
  • (IN) India: Cozy cool | Merycold | Sine-aid;
  • (IQ) Iraq: Samadol sinus;
  • (JO) Jordan: Flutab sinus | Pamol Sinus | Panda Sinus | Revanin sinus | Sinofree;
  • (KW) Kuwait: Adol sinus | Panadol sinus;
  • (LT) Lithuania: Sudafed co;
  • (MA) Morocco: Doli rhume | Rhumagrip;
  • (MY) Malaysia: Panadol cold | Panadol for cold;
  • (NZ) New Zealand: Sinutab;
  • (PE) Peru: Sinutab;
  • (PL) Poland: Theraflu Zatoki MAX;
  • (PR) Puerto Rico: Excedrin sinus | Mapap sinus | Mapap sinus maximum strength | Nexafed Sinus Pressure + Pain | Sudafed sinus | Sudafed Sinus Nighttime Plus Pain Rel. | Tylenol sinus day/night convenience pack;
  • (PT) Portugal: Holsigrip | Sinutab ii;
  • (PY) Paraguay: Gripealiv d.n.;
  • (QA) Qatar: Adol Sinus | Flutab Sinus | Lemsip Max Flu Strength Daytime | Panadol Sinus | Tylenol Cold & Flu | Tylenol Sinus Pain;
  • (RO) Romania: Coldact sinus | Prosinus | Revigrip sinus | Sanador sinus;
  • (RU) Russian Federation: Dynafed plus;
  • (SA) Saudi Arabia: Adol sinus | Panadol sinus | Sinofree;
  • (SG) Singapore: Panadol for Cold Relief;
  • (SK) Slovakia: Panadol plus grip;
  • (TN) Tunisia: Doli rhume | Rhumagrip;
  • (TR) Turkey: Parasinus;
  • (VE) Venezuela, Bolivarian Republic of: Sinutab ns;
  • (ZA) South Africa: Flusin Sinus | Sinugesic | Sudafed sinus pain;
  • (ZM) Zambia: Sudagesic
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