Risk factors for pulmonary arterial hypertension in patients with systemic sclerosis

Long standing disease (>5 years)

Limited cutaneous disease

Telangiectasia

DLCO <60 percent predicted

FVC percent/DLCO percent >1.6

Anti-centromere antibody

Anti-nucleolar pattern ANA

Anti-U1 RNP antibody

Absence of anti-Scl 70 antibody

Older age at onset of scleroderma

Elevated N-terminal pro BNP

DLCO: diffusion capacity for carbon monoxide; FVC: forced vital capacity; RNP: ribonuclear protein; BNP: brain natriuretic peptide.

Graphic 93544 Version 2.0

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