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Characteristics of the Marfanoid habitus

Characteristics of the Marfanoid habitus
Name of measurement Value consistent with Marfanoid habitus* Technique for measurement and for calculation of ratio
Span/height ratio >1.05 The span/height ratio (S-HR) is measured by asking the patient to stand with their back to a wall and in contact with the wall, with the arms out to 90 degrees at the shoulder, and hands and fingers fully extended. The arm span is the measure from the tip of the middle finger of one hand to that of the other. This is then divided by the height to obtain the S-HR.
Hand/height ratio >0.11 The hand/height ratio (H-HR). Hand length is taken to be the distance between the distal palmar crease to the tip of the middle finger. This is then divided by the height to obtain the H-HR.
Foot/height ratio >0.15 The foot/height ratio (F-HR). Foot length is taken to be the distance between the base of the posterior edge of the heel and the tip of the hallux. This is then divided by the height to obtain the F-HR.
Upper segment/lower segment ratio <0.89 The upper segment/lower segment ratio (US/LSR). LS is taken to be the distance from the mid-point of the pubic symphysis and the floor with the patient standing erect. The US is calculated by subtracting the LS from the height. Thus US/LSR = (Height – LS)/LS.
Other features of the Marfanoid habitus include:
  • Dolichocephaly (skull width/length x 100 <76%)
  • Scoliosis (Bunnell Scoliometer >5 degrees)
  • Pectus deformities (excavatum or carinatum)
  • Jaw deformities with overcrowding of teeth
  • High-arched palate
  • Long, flat feet, often with hammer toes, which flatten and pronate on weightbearing
* The cut-off levels for the Marfanoid habitus are based upon the original data collected by McKusick[1].
¶ Equipment needed to perform the necessary measurements comprises an accurate height-measuring scale, a tape measure for measuring the arm span, a Bunnell scoliometer for establishing whether or not a significant scoliosis is present[2], and a calculator.
References:
  1. ​McKusick VA. The marfan syndrome. In: Heritable Disorders of Connective Tissue. 4th ed, C.V. Mosby, St. Louis 1972.
  2. Bunnell WP. Outcome of spinal screening. Spine 1993; 18:1572.
Graphic 95551 Version 2.0

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