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خرید پکیج
تعداد آیتم قابل مشاهده باقیمانده : 3 مورد
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International consensus classification of histologic subtypes of hepatoblastoma

International consensus classification of histologic subtypes of hepatoblastoma
  Subtype/definition
Epithelial
Fetal
  • Well differentiated and uniform (10-20 µm diameter), round nuclei, cords with minimal mitotic activity, EMH
  • Crowded or mitotically active (>2 per 10 400x microscopic fields); conspicuous nucleoli (usually less glycogen)
  • Pleomorphic, poorly differentiated
    Moderate anisonucleosis, high N/C, nucleoli
  • Anaplastic with marked nuclear enlargement and pleomorphism, hyperchromasia, abnormal mitoses
Embryonal
  • 10-15 µm diameter, high N/C, angular, primitive tubules, EMH
Macrotrabecular
  • Epithelial HB (fetal or embryonal) growing in clusters of >5 cells between sinusoids
Small cell undifferentiated (SCU)
  • (5-10 µm diameter) no architectural pattern, minimal pale amphophilic cytoplasm, round to oval nuclei with fine chromatin and inconspicuous nucleoli, +/– mitoses; +/– INI*
Cholangioblastic
  • Bile ducts, usually at periphery of epithelial islands, can predominate
Mixed
Stromal derivatives
  • Spindle cells (blastema), osteoid, skeletal muscle, cartilage
Teratoid
  • Mixed, plus primitive endoderm; neural derivatives, melanin, squamous and glandular elements
EMH: extramedullary hematopoiesis; N/C: nuclear:cytoplasmic ratio; HB: hepatoblastoma; INI: integrase interactor 1 immunohistochemical staining.
* Pure small cell undifferentiated needs to be differentiated from malignant rhabdoid tumors (discohesive, eccentric irregular nuclei, prominent nucleoli, abundant cytoplasmic filaments including cytokeratin and vimentin, negative nuclear INI).
Reproduced with permission from: Czauderna P1, Lopez-Terrada D, Hiyama E, et al. Hepatoblastoma state of the art: pathology, genetics, risk stratification, and chemotherapy. Curr Opin Pediatr 2014; 26:19. DOI: 10.1097/MOP.0000000000000046. Copyright © 2014 Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. Unauthorized reproduction of this material is prohibited.
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