Proposed staging framework for preclinical Alzheimer disease
Proposed staging framework for preclinical Alzheimer disease
Graphic representation of the proposed staging framework for preclinical AD. Note that some individuals will not progress beyond Stage 1 or Stage 2. Individuals in Stage 3 are postulated to be more likely to progress to MCI and AD dementia.
AD: Alzheimer disease; Aβ: beta-amyloid; CSF: cerebrospinal fluid; FDG: fluorodeoxyglucose; fMRI: functional magnetic resonance imaging; MCI: mild cognitive impairment; PET: position emission tomography; sMRI: structural magnetic resonance imaging.
Reproduced from: Sperling RA, Aisen PS, Beckett LA, et al. Toward defining the preclinical stages of Alzheimer's disease: recommendations from the National Institute on Aging-Alzheimer's Association workgroups on diagnostic guidelines for Alzheimer's disease. Alzheimers Dement 2011; 7:280. Illustration used with the permission of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
