Antibiotic | Dose | Duration | Notes |
Nitrofurantoin | 100 mg orally every 12 hours | 5 to 7 days | Does not achieve therapeutic levels in the kidneys, so should not be used if pyelonephritis is suspected. Typically avoided during the first trimester and at term; however, it is an appropriate alternative during these periods when other options cannot be used. |
Amoxicillin | 500 mg orally every 8 hours or 875 mg orally every 12 hours | 5 to 7 days | Resistance may limit its utility among gram-negative pathogens. |
Amoxicillin-clavulanate | 500 mg orally every 8 hours or 875 mg orally every 12 hours | 5 to 7 days | |
Cephalexin | 250 to 500 mg orally every 6 hours | 5 to 7 days | |
Cefpodoxime | 100 mg orally every 12 hours | 5 to 7 days | |
Fosfomycin | 3 g orally as single dose | Does not achieve therapeutic levels in the kidneys so should not be used if pyelonephritis is suspected. | |
Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole | 800/160 mg (1 double-strength tablet) every 12 hours | 3 days | Typically avoided during the first trimester and at term; however, it is an appropriate alternative during these periods when other options cannot be used. |
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