| Clinical suspicion |
- Clinical or biochemical evidence of chronic liver disease (eg, persistently elevated alanine aminotransferase)
- Extrahepatic manifestations of chronic HCV infection, including:
- Porphyria cutanea tarda
- Mixed cryoglobulinemia
- Lichen planus
- Necrolytic acral erythema
- Unexplained arthritis or false-positive rheumatoid factor
- Sjögren's syndrome/sicca symptoms
- Membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis
- Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura
|
| History of illicit injection or intranasal drug use, even if only once |
| Receipt of potentially contaminated blood products or tissue |
- Receipt of clotting factors made prior to the introduction of sensitive screening of the supply (1987 in the United States)
- Receipt of blood or organs prior to the introduction of sensitive screening of the supply (July 1992 in the United States)
- Receipt of blood from a donor later diagnosed with HCV
- Other risk for receipt of potentially contaminated blood products (eg, care in neonatal intensive care prior to sensitive screening)
|
| Belonging to a high prevalence group |
- Born between 1945 and 1965 and living in the United States
- HIV infected
- Men who have sex with men (MSM)
- Past or present use of chronic hemodialysis (or upon initiation of maintenance hemodialysis)
- History of or present incarceration
- Residence in a high-prevalence country
|
| Other potential exposure to HCV |
- Birth to HCV-infected mother
- Current sexual partnership with an HCV-infected individual
- Needlestick injury or mucosal exposure to HCV-infected blood
- Percutaneous exposure in unregulated setting
|
| Potential for transmission* |
| |
