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Growing, Growing, Gone: The Double Whammy of Early Deprivation and Impaired Evolution of Lung Function
Andrew Bush
doi : 10.1164/rccm.202105-1190ed
Volume 204, Issue 7, pp. 745–746
Before the First Breath: Prenatal Ultrafine Particulate Exposure and Incident Asthma
Paloma I. Beamer and Nathan Lothrop
doi : 10.1164/rccm.202106-1356ed
Volume 204, Issue 7, pp. 747–748
Shear Wave Elastography of the Diaphragm: Good Vibrations?
Annemijn H. Jonkman 1 and Chris L. de Korte 2
doi : 10.1164/rccm.202107-1605ed
Volume 204, Issue 7, pp. 748–750
Lung Fissural Integrity: It’s Written in the Genes
Justin L. Garner 1,2,3 and Sujal R. Desai 1,3,4
doi : 10.1164/rccm.202106-1526ed
Volume 204, Issue 7, pp. 750–752
Ambient Air Pollution and Lung Cancer: Nature and Nurture
David C. Christiani
doi : 10.1164/rccm.202107-1576ed
Volume 204, Issue 7, pp. 752–753
Lung-Resident Memory CD8+ T Cells in Human Influenza: How Innate Are They?
Thi H. O. Nguyen and Katherine Kedzierska
doi : 10.1164/rccm.202106-1508ed
Volume 204, Issue 7, pp. 753–755
Hit Early and Hit Hard in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension? Not So Fast!
Paul M. Hassoun 1 and Harrison W. Farber 2
doi : 10.1164/rccm.202107-1570ed
Volume 204, Issue 7, pp. 755–756
Upfront Combination Therapy for Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: Time to Be More Ambitious than AMBITION
Thomas M. Cascino and Vallerie V. McLaughlin
doi : 10.1164/rccm.202107-1625ed
Volume 204, Issue 7, pp. 756–759
Fewer Bronchiectasis Exacerbations during the “Lockdown” for COVID-19: Can We Convert Knowledge into Action?
Mark L. Metersky
doi : 10.1164/rccm.202107-1731ed
Volume 204, Issue 7, pp. 759–760
Research Needs for Inpatient Management of Severe Alcohol Withdrawal Syndrome: An Official American Thoracic Society Research Statement
Tessa L. Steel , Majid Afshar , Scott Edwards , Sarah E. Jolley , Christine Timko , Brendan J. Clark , Ivor S. Douglas , Amy L. Dzierba , Hayley B. Gershengorn , Nicholas W. Gilpin , Dwayne W. Godwin , Catherine L. Hough , José R. Maldonado , Anuj B. Mehta , Lewis S. Nelson , Mayur B. Patel , Darius A. Rastegar , Joanna L. Stollings , Boris Tabakoff , Judith A. Tate , Adrian Wong , and Ellen L. Burnham ; on behalf of the American Thoracic Society Assembly on Critical Care, Assembly on Behavioral Science and Health Services Research, and Assembly on Nursing
doi : 10.1164/rccm.202108-1845st
Volume 204, Issue 7, pp. e61–e87
Severe alcohol withdrawal syndrome (SAWS) is highly morbid, costly, and common among hospitalized patients, yet minimal evidence exists to guide inpatient management. Research needs in this field are broad, spanning the translational science spectrum.
Factors Associated with Persistence of Severe Asthma from Late Adolescence to Early Adulthood
Neema Izadi 1, David Baraghoshi 2, Douglas Curran-Everett 2, Robert S. Zeiger 3, Stanley J. Szefler 4, and Ronina A. Covar 2; for the Childhood Asthma Management Program Research Group
doi : 10.1164/rccm.202010-3763oc
Volume 204, Issue 7, pp. 776–787
Asthma in children generally starts as being mild but may progress to being severe and may stay severe for unknown reasons.
Prenatal Ambient Ultrafine Particle Exposure and Childhood Asthma in the Northeastern United States
Rosalind J. Wright 1,2, Hsiao-Hsien Leon Hsu 1, Yueh-Hsiu Mathilda Chiu 1, Brent A. Coull 3, Matthew C. Simon 4, Neelakshi Hudda 5, Joel Schwartz 6, Itai Kloog 1, and John L. Durant 5
doi : 10.1164/rccm.202010-3743oc
Volume 204, Issue 7, pp. 788–796
Ambient ultrafine particles (UFPs; with an aerodynamic diameter?<?0.1 ?m) may exert greater toxicity than other pollution components because of their enhanced oxidative capacity and ability to translocate systemically. Studies examining associations between prenatal UFP exposure and childhood asthma remain sparse.
Shear Wave Elastography, a New Tool for Diaphragmatic Qualitative Assessment: A Translational Study
Yassir Aarab 1,2,3*, Aurelien Flatres 1,3*, Fanny Garnier 1,4, Mathieu Capdevila 2,3, Fabrice Raynaud 3, Alain Lacampagne 3, David Chapeau 1, Kada Klouche 1,3, Pascal Etienne 5, Samir Jaber 2,3, Nicolas Molinari 4,6, Lucie Gamon 6, Stefan Matecki 3, and Boris Jung 1,3
doi : 10.1164/rccm.202011-4086oc
Volume 204, Issue 7, pp. 797–806
Prolonged mechanical ventilation is often associated with either a decrease (known atrophy) or an increase (supposed injury) in diaphragmatic thickness. Shear wave elastography is a noninvasive technique that measures shear modulus, a surrogate of tissue stiffness and mechanical properties.
Determinants of Lung Fissure Completeness
Marieke C. van der Molen 1,2, Jorine E. Hartman 1,2, Cornelis J. Vermeulen 2, Maarten van den Berge 1,2, Alen Faiz 2,3, Huib A. M. Kerstjens 1,2, Jean-Paul Charbonnier 4, Lowie E. G. W. Vanfleteren 5,6, and Dirk-Jan Slebos 1,2; on behalf of the COPDGene investigators
doi : 10.1164/rccm.202102-0260oc
Volume 204, Issue 7, pp. 807–816
New advanced bronchoscopic treatment options for patients with severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) have led to increased interest for COPD phenotyping, including fissure completeness.
Air Pollution, Genetic Factors, and the Risk of Lung Cancer: A Prospective Study in the UK Biobank
Yanqian Huang 1*, Meng Zhu 1,2,3*, Mengmeng Ji 1, Jingyi Fan 1, Junxing Xie 1, Xiaoxia Wei 1, Xiangxiang Jiang 1, Jing Xu 4, Liang Chen 4, Rong Yin 3, Yuzhuo Wang 1,3, Juncheng Dai 1,2, Guangfu Jin 1,2, Lin Xu 3, Zhibin Hu 1,2, Hongxia Ma 1,2, and Hongbing Shen 1,2,5
doi : 10.1164/rccm.202011-4063oc
Volume 204, Issue 7, pp. 817–825
Both genetic and environmental factors contribute to lung cancer, but the degree to which air pollution modifies the impact of genetic susceptibility on lung cancer remains unknown.
Innate-like Gene Expression of Lung-Resident Memory CD8+ T Cells during Experimental Human Influenza: A Clinical Study
Suzanna Paterson 1*, Satwik Kar 1*, Seng Kuong Ung 1, Zoe Gardener 1, Emma Bergstrom 1, Stephanie Ascough 1, Mohini Kalyan 1, Joanna Zyla 2,3, Jeroen Maertzdorf 2, Hans-Joachim Mollenkopf 2, January Weiner 2, Agnieszka Jozwik 4, Hannah Jarvis 4, Akhilesh Jha 4, Bradly P. Nicholson 5, Timothy Veldman 6, Chris W. Woods 6, Patrick Mallia 4, Onn Min Kon 4, Stefan H. E. Kaufmann 2, Peter J. Openshaw 4, and Christopher Chiu 1
doi : 10.1164/rccm.202103-0620oc
Volume 204, Issue 7, pp. 826–841
Suboptimal vaccine immunogenicity and antigenic mismatch, compounded by poor uptake, means that influenza remains a major global disease. T cells recognizing peptides derived from conserved viral proteins could enhance vaccine-induced cross-strain protection.
Association between Initial Treatment Strategy and Long-Term Survival in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension
Athénaïs Boucly 1,2,3, Laurent Savale 1,2,3, Xavier Jaïs 1,2,3, Fabrice Bauer 4, Emmanuel Bergot 5, Laurent Bertoletti 6, Antoine Beurnier 1,2,3, Arnaud Bourdin 7,8, Hélène Bouvaist 9, Sophie Bulifon 1,2,3, Céline Chabanne 10, Ari Chaouat 11, Vincent Cottin 12, Claire Dauphin 13, Bruno Degano 14, Pascal De Groote 15, Nicolas Favrolt 16, Yuanchao Feng 17, Delphine Horeau-Langlard 18, Mitja Jevnikar 1,2,3, Etienne-Marie Jutant 1,2,3, Zhiying Liang 17, Pascal Magro 19, Pierre Mauran 20, Pamela Moceri 21, Jean-François Mornex 12, Sylvain Palat 22, Florence Parent 1,2,3, François Picard 23,24, Jérémie Pichon 1,2,3, Patrice Poubeau 25, Grégoire Prévot 26, Sébastien Renard 27, Martine Reynaud-Gaubert 28, Marianne Riou 29, Pascal Roblot 30, Olivier Sanchez 31, Andrei Seferian 1,2,3, Cécile Tromeur 32, Jason Weatherald 17,33, Gérald Simonneau 1,2,3, David Montani 1,2,3, Marc Humbert 1,2,3, and Olivier Sitbon 1,2,3
doi : 10.1164/rccm.202009-3698oc
Volume 204, Issue 7, pp. 842–854
The relationship between the initial treatment strategy and survival in pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) remains uncertain.
In Vivo Thrombosis Imaging in Patients Recovering from COVID-19 and Pulmonary Embolism
Rong Bing 1, Jack P. M. Andrews 1, Michelle C. Williams 1,2, Edwin J. R. van Beek 2, Christophe Lucatelli 2, Gillian MacNaught 2, Tim Clark 2, Norman Koglin 3, Andrew W. Stephens 3, Mark G. MacAskill 1, Adriana A. S. Tavares 1, Kevin Dhaliwal 4, David A. Dorward 4, Christopher D. Lucas 4, Marc R. Dweck 1, and David E. Newby 1,2
doi : 10.1164/rccm.202011-4182im
Volume 204, Issue 7, pp. 855–856
Straight Curves: Incidental Diagnosis of Pneumothorax on Transesophageal Echocardiography
Diana Morales Castro 1, Kalvin Lung 2, and Ghislaine Douflé 1,3
doi : 10.1164/rccm.202011-4274im
Volume 204, Issue 7, pp. e88–e91
The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Exacerbations and Symptoms in Bronchiectasis: A Prospective Study
Megan L. Crichton , Amelia Shoemark , and James D. Chalmers *
doi : 10.1164/rccm.202105-1137le
Volume 204, Issue 7, pp. 857–859
Long-Term Exposure to Particulate Matter Air Pollution and Chronic Rhinosinusitis in Nonallergic Patients
Zhenyu Zhang 1, Rebecca J. Kamil 2, Nyall R. London 2, Stella E. Lee 3, Venkataramana K. Sidhaye 2, Shyam Biswal 4, Andrew P. Lane 2, Jayant M. Pinto 5*, and Murugappan Ramanathan, Jr.2*‡
doi : 10.1164/rccm.202102-0368le
Volume 204, Issue 7, pp. 859–862
Interalveolar Pores Increase in Aging and Severe Airway Obstruction
Arno Vanstapel 1,2, Birgit Weynand 2, Janne Kaes 1, Arne P. Neyrinck 1,2, Laurens J. Ceulemans 1,2, Bart M. Vanaudenaerde 1, Robin Vos 1,2, Geert M. Verleden 1,2, Maximilian Ackermann 3,4*, and Stijn E. Verleden 1,5,6*‡
doi : 10.1164/rccm.202102-0530le
Volume 204, Issue 7, pp. 862–865
Comparing the Performance of Two Recommended Criteria for Establishing a Diagnosis for Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis
Ivette Buendia-Roldan 1, Hiram Aguilar-Duran 1, Kerri A. Johannson 2, and Moisés Selman 1*
doi : 10.1164/rccm.202105-1091le
Volume 204, Issue 7, pp. 865–868
The Dethroning of 6 ml/kg as the “Go-To” Setting in Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome
Martin J. Tobin
doi : 10.1164/rccm.202105-1320le
Volume 204, Issue 7, pp. 868–869
Reply to Tobin
Ewan C. Goligher 1* and Eduardo L. V. Costa 2,3; on behalf of all the authors
doi : 10.1164/rccm.202106-1388le
Volume 204, Issue 7, pp. 869–870
Asthma and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: Just Old Friends or Relatives?
Francesca Polverino 1* and Joan B. Soriano 2,3,4
doi : 10.1164/rccm.202106-1358le
Volume 204, Issue 7, pp. 870–871
Outdoor Air Pollution and Your Health
Mary Rice , John Balmes , and Atul Malhotra
doi : 10.1164/rccm.2046p13
Volume 204, Issue 7, pp. P13–P14
