دسترسی یکساله به بیش از ۵۰۰ ژورنال روز جهان موجود در سامانه
-
http://medilib.ir
- ﻣﺪﺕ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ : 365 ﺭﻭﺯ
قیمت : 3,800,000 تومان- قیمت ویژه : 1,900,000تومان
Joy, Suffering, and the Goals of Medicine
Benzi M. Kluger, MD, MS; Cynthia W. Garvan, PhD, MA; Robert G. Holloway, MD, MPH
doi : 10.1001/jamaneurol.2020.4604
JAMA Neurol. 2021;78(3):265-266
As medicine strives to provide person-centered care, it is essential that clinicians support the subjective well-being of people living with serious illness. Toward this end, addressing the subjective suffering of an individual is now recognized as complementary to medicine’s goals of treating disease. Joy, on the other hand, has generally fallen outside the purview of medicine, despite its central role in subjective well-being.
Carotid Physiology and Neck Restraints in Law EnforcementWhy Neurologists Need to Make Their Voices Heard
Jillian M. Berkman, MD; Joseph A. Rosenthal, MD, PhD; Altaf Saadi, MD, MSc
doi : 10.1001/jamaneurol.2020.4669
JAMA Neurol. 2021;78(3):267-268
“I can’t breathe” has become an international rallying cry against police brutality after the high-profile murders of Eric Garner on July 17, 2014, and George Floyd on May 25, 2020. These powerful and tragic words have been uttered by dozens of other people, predominantly Black and brown people, across the country under similar circumstances involving vascular “neck restraints” or “carotid restraints”: James Thompson, Allen Simpson, Rodney Lynch, Dustin Boone, Roger Owensby Jr, Carl Glen Wheat, Gerald Arthur, and Torris Harris.
What’s Wrong With You?
Caren J. Blacker, BMBCh, MA
doi : 10.1001/jamaneurol.2020.5297
JAMA Neurol. 2021;78(3):269-270
What’s wrong with you? I get asked, in different ways and different settings by patients and colleagues alike. The assumption is always that the question refers to my wildly off-kilter gait, since I mimic an ataxic duck waddling on sand when I walk.
Sankofa—Highlighting Legacy in the Pursuit of Equity for Dementia Science
Carl V. Hill, PhD, MPH
doi : 10.1001/jamaneurol.2020.4481
JAMA Neurol. 2021;78(3):271-272.
Over 5 million Americans currently live with dementia, and it represents the sixth leading cause of death in the US. In 2020, dementia will cost the nation $305 billion, and by the year 2050, these costs could rise to $1.1 trillion. Importantly, 16 million Americans provide unpaid care to persons with dementia, which strains important social networks, communities, neighborhoods, and families. Given that there is no available treatment to cure or slow progression of the disease, the effect of dementia on a US society—where all people are living longer—is and will be substantial. Moreover, the circumstance that certain population groups in the US are disproportionately affected by dementia represents an urgent need for diverse perspectives to protect public health.1
Who Will Protect the Brains of College Football Players?
Christopher J. Nowinski, PhD; Robert C. Cantu, MD
doi : 10.1001/jamaneurol.2020.4740
JAMA Neurol. 2021;78(3):273-274
As recognition of the neurological consequences of concussions and head impact exposure (HIE) has grown, most sport governing bodies have begun implementing reforms to prevent concussions and reduce exposure to head impacts. While many sports have focused on rules, penalties, and equipment, football has seen the greatest gains not by changing how the game is played, but how it is practiced. Therefore, there are significant policy implications of the study by McCrea et al1 into where college football players experience concussions and HIEs.
Trends in Relative Incidence and Prevalence of Dementia Across Non-Hispanic Black and White Individuals in the United States, 2000-2016
Melinda C. Power, ScD; Erin E. Bennett, MPH; Robert W. Turner, PhD
doi : 10.1001/jamaneurol.2020.4471
JAMA Neurol. 2021;78(3):275-284
Importance In the US, dementia risk is higher in non-Hispanic Black individuals than in non-Hispanic White individuals. To evaluate progress toward reducing such disparities, tracking secular trends in racial disparities in dementia prevalence is essential.
Add-on Cannabidiol Treatment for Drug-Resistant Seizures in Tuberous Sclerosis ComplexA Placebo-Controlled Randomized Clinical Trial
Elizabeth A. Thiele, MD, PhD; E. Martina Bebin, MD, MPA; Hari Bhathal, MD
doi : 10.1001/jamaneurol.2020.4607
JAMA Neurol. 2021;78(3):285-292
Importance Efficacy of cannabidiol has been demonstrated in seizures associated with Lennox-Gastaut and Dravet syndromes but appears not yet to have been established in conditions with primarily focal seizures, such as tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC).
Findings of Efficacy, Safety, and Biomarker Outcomes of Atabecestat in Preclinical Alzheimer DiseaseA Truncated Randomized Phase 2b/3 Clinical Trial
Reisa Sperling, MD; David Henley, MD; Paul S. Aisen, MD
doi : 10.1001/jamaneurol.2020.4857
JAMA Neurol. 2021;78(3):293-301
Importance Atabecestat, a nonselective oral ?-secretase inhibitor, was evaluated in the EARLY trial for slowing cognitive decline in participants with preclinical Alzheimer disease. Preliminary analyses suggested dose-related cognitive worsening and neuropsychiatric adverse events (AEs).
Assessment of Botulinum Neurotoxin Injection for Dystonic Hand TremorA Randomized Clinical Trial
Roopa Rajan, MD, DM; Achal K. Srivastava, DM; Reghu Anandapadmanabhan, MTech
doi : 10.1001/jamaneurol.2020.4766
JAMA Neurol. 2021;78(3):302-311
Importance There is an unmet need for safe and efficacious treatments for upper-extremity dystonic tremor (DT). To date, only uncontrolled retrospective case series have reported the effect of botulinum neurotoxin (BoNT) injections on upper-extremity DT.
Efficacy of Nilotinib in Patients With Moderately Advanced Parkinson DiseaseA Randomized Clinical Trial
Tanya Simuni, MD; Brian Fiske, PhD; Kalpana Merchant, PhD
doi : 10.1001/jamaneurol.2020.4725
JAMA Neurol. 2021;78(3):312-320
Importance There is a critical need for careful and independent validation of reported symptomatic efficacy and dopaminergic biomarker changes induced by nilotinib in Parkinson disease (PD).
Prediction of Early Neurological Deterioration in Individuals With Minor Stroke and Large Vessel Occlusion Intended for Intravenous Thrombolysis Alone
Pierre Seners, MD; Wagih Ben Hassen, MD; Bertrand Lapergue, MD
doi : 10.1001/jamaneurol.2020.4557
JAMA Neurol. 2021;78(3):321-328
Importance The best reperfusion strategy in patients with acute minor stroke and large vessel occlusion (LVO) is unknown. Accurately predicting early neurological deterioration of presumed ischemic origin (ENDi) following intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) in this population may help to select candidates for immediate transfer for additional thrombectomy.
Clinical Presentation, Investigation Findings, and Treatment Outcomes of Spontaneous Intracranial Hypotension SyndromeA Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Linda D’Antona, MD, MBBS; Melida Andrea Jaime Merchan, MD; Anna Vassiliou, iBSc
doi : 10.1001/jamaneurol.2020.4799
JAMA Neurol. 2021;78(3):329-337
Importance Spontaneous intracranial hypotension (SIH) is a highly disabling but often misdiagnosed disorder. The best management options for patients with SIH are still uncertain.
Association Between Prehospital Tranexamic Acid Administration and Outcomes of Severe Traumatic Brain Injury
Sebastiaan M. Bossers, MD; Stephan A. Loer, PhD; Frank W. Bloemers, PhD
doi : 10.1001/jamaneurol.2020.4596
JAMA Neurol. 2021;78(3):338-345
Importance The development and expansion of intracranial hematoma are associated with adverse outcomes. Use of tranexamic acid might limit intracranial hematoma formation, but its association with outcomes of severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) is unclear.
Opportunities for Prevention of Concussion and Repetitive Head Impact Exposure in College Football PlayersA Concussion Assessment, Research, and Education (CARE) Consortium Study
Michael A. McCrea, PhD; Alok Shah, MS; Stefan Duma, PhD
doi : 10.1001/jamaneurol.2020.5193
JAMA Neurol. 2021;78(3):346-350
Importance Concussion ranks among the most common injuries in football. Beyond the risks of concussion are growing concerns that repetitive head impact exposure (HIE) may increase risk for long-term neurologic health problems in football players.
Diagnosis of Progressive Multiple Sclerosis From the Imaging PerspectiveA Review
Massimo Filippi, MD; Paolo Preziosa, MD, PhD; Frederik Barkhof, MD
doi : 10.1001/jamaneurol.2020.4689
JAMA Neurol. 2021;78(3):351-364
Importance Although magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is useful for monitoring disease dissemination in space and over time and excluding multiple sclerosis (MS) mimics, there has been less application of MRI to progressive MS, including diagnosing primary progressive (PP) MS and identifying patients with relapsing-remitting (RR) MS who are at risk of developing secondary progressive (SP) MS. This review addresses clinical application of MRI for both diagnosis and prognosis of progressive MS.
Hyperacute Spontaneous Intracerebral Hemorrhage During Computed Tomography Scanning
Bence Gunda, PhD; Péter Böjti, MD; Lajos R. Kozák, PhD
doi : 10.1001/jamaneurol.2020.4355
JAMA Neurol. 2021;78(3):365-366
A 76-year-old man with hypertension underwent elective carotid computed tomography (CT) angiography to evaluate a previously known asymptomatic right carotid stenosis. Before the examination, the patient had no neurological symptoms. During scanning, he developed head and gaze deviation to the right, and on physical examination immediately afterward, he had left hemiplegia, hemisensory loss, hemianopia, neglect, and severe gaze and head deviation to the right. He was immediately rescanned and later had follow-up scans.
Bilateral Temporal Pole Involvement in Adult-Onset X-Linked Adrenoleukodystrophy
Mao Liu, MD, Dr med; Jing Zhang, MD, PhD; Min Zhang, MD, PhD
doi : 10.1001/jamaneurol.2020.4651
JAMA Neurol. 2021;78(3):367-368
A 42-year-old man had progressive difficulties in ambulation, intermittent bowel incontinence, cognitive impairment, emotional fluctuation, and erectile dysfunction in the last 10 months. He was recently diagnosed as having bipolar disorder. No family history was reported. Physical examination showed alopecia, muscle wasting, decreased muscle strength and tendon reflex of the lower limbs, preserved muscle strength and increased tendon reflex of the upper limbs, impaired proprioception, Babinski sign, Romberg sign, and ataxic gait.
Assessment of a Study of Continuous vs Repeat-Spot Electroencephalography in Patients With Critical Illness
Nicolas Gaspard, MD, PhD; M. Brandon Westover, MD, PhD; Lawrence J. Hirsch, MD
doi : 10.1001/jamaneurol.2020.5348
JAMA Neurol. 2021;78(3):369
To the Editor Rossetti et al1 report findings of a trial of continuous electroencephalography (cEEG) monitoring vs repeat-spot electroencephalography (rEEG) in patients with critical illness, suggesting that cEEG does not improve the outcome (mortality at 6 months) compared with rEEG. While we congratulate the authors on this trial, the delayed manner in which cEEG recording and review was carried out, the lack of any prespecified intervention, and the infrequent changes in treatment that resulted limit any conclusions on the potential effects of cEEG on the outcome.
Assessment of a Study of Continuous vs Repeat-Spot Electroencephalography in Patients With Critical Illness—Reply
Andrea O. Rossetti, MD; Kaspar Schindler, MD, PhD; Vincent Alvarez, MD
doi : 10.1001/jamaneurol.2020.5343
JAMA Neurol. 2021;78(3):369-370
In Reply We thank Gaspard et al for their letter, which raises several relevant issues, some of which were already discussed in the article (eg, the limited generalizability to patients without recent seizures or status epilepticus1). They point to the median latency of electroencephalography (EEG) recordings (57.5 hours in the continuous EEG [cEEG] group and 60.3 hours in the repeat-spot EEG [rEEG] group) and infer that this prevented us from quickly identifying and managing seizures and status epilepticus. As stated in Table 1 in our article,1 this actually represents the time between acute hospital admission (not EEG request) and the EEG start; in participants after brain surgery, in the context of sepsis, or with brain tumors, EEG is often requested with some delay after admission. Of note, recordings started within 4 hours after the EEG request1; we feel that this represents a reasonable time frame. Also, we have now compared mortality distributions across patients recorded within 36 hours following admission (cEEG group: 38 of 67 patients; rEEG group: 26 of 60 patients; P?=?.13) and thereafter (cEEG group: 51 of 115 patients; rEEG group: 62 of 122 patients; P?=?.32), which remain very similar.
Error in Figure and Author Affiliation
doi : 10.1001/jamaneurol.2020.5477
JAMA Neurol. 2021;78(3):370
