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Clinimetric Perspectives in Clinical Psychology and Psychiatry
Cosci F.a,b,c
doi : 10.1159/000517028
Psychother Psychosom 2021;90:217–221
Clinimetric Criteria for Patient-Reported Outcome Measures
Carrozzino D.a · Patierno C.a · Guidi J.a · Berrocal Montiel C.b · Cao J.c · Charlson M.E.d · Christensen K.S.e · Concato J.f,g · De las Cuevas C.h · de Leon J.i · Eöry A.j · Fleck M.P.k · Furukawa T.A.l · Horwitz R.I.m · Nierenberg A.A.n,o · Rafanelli C.a · Wang H.p,q · Wise T.N.r,s,t · Sonino N.u,v · Fava G.A.v
doi : 10.1159/000516599
Psychother Psychosom 2021;90:222–232
Patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) are self-rated scales and indices developed to improve the detection of the patients’ subjective experience. Given that a considerable number of PROMs are available, it is important to evaluate their validity and usefulness in a specific research or clinical setting. Published guidelines, based on psychometric criteria, do not fit in with the complexity of clinical challenges, because of their quest for homogeneity of components and inadequate attention to sensitivity. Psychometric theory has stifled the field and led to the routine use of scales widely accepted yet with a history of poor performance. Clinimetrics, the science of clinical measurements, may provide a more suitable conceptual and methodological framework. The aims of this paper are to outline the major limitations of the psychometric model and to provide criteria for clinimetric patient-reported outcome measures (CLIPROMs). The characteristics related to reliability, sensitivity, validity, and clinical utility of instruments are critically reviewed, with particular reference to the differences between clinimetric and psychometric approaches. Of note is the fact that PROMs, rating scales, and indices developed according to psychometric criteria may display relevant clinimetric properties. The present paper underpins the importance of the clinimetric methodology in choosing the appropriate PROMs. CLIPROM criteria may also guide the development of new indices and the validation of existing PROMs to be employed in clinical settings.
Effectiveness of a Guided Web-Based Intervention to Reduce Depressive Symptoms before Outpatient Psychotherapy: A Pragmatic Randomized Controlled Trial
Krämer L.V.a · Grünzig S.-D.a · Baumeister H.b · Ebert D.D.c · Bengel J.a
doi : 10.1159/000515625
Psychother Psychosom 2021;90:233–242
Introduction: Psychotherapy is a first-line treatment for depression. However, capacities are limited, leading to long waiting times for outpatient psychotherapy in health care systems. Web-based interventions (WBI) could help to bridge this treatment gap. Objective: This study investigates the effectiveness of a guided cognitive-behavioral WBI in depressive patients seeking face-to-face psychotherapy. Methods: A 2-arm randomized controlled trial was conducted. Depressive patients (n = 136) recruited from the waiting lists of outpatient clinics were randomly assigned to an intervention group (IG; treatment as usual [TAU] + immediate access to WBI) or a control group (CG; TAU + access to WBI after follow-up). Depressive symptoms and secondary outcomes were assessed at baseline, 7 weeks, and 5 months after randomization. Results: Mixed-model analyses revealed a significant group × time interaction effect on depressive symptoms (F2, 121.5 = 3.91; p < 0.05). Between-group effect sizes were d = 0.55 at 7 weeks and d = 0.52 at 5 months. The IG was superior regarding psychological symptoms and mental health quality of life but not on physical health quality of life, attitudes, motivation for psychotherapy, or subjective need and uptake of psychotherapy. Conclusions: Patients waiting for face-to-face psychotherapy can benefit from a WBI when compared to TAU. Despite the reduction of depressive symptoms in the IG, the uptake of subsequent psychotherapy was still high in both groups. The effects remained stable at the 5-month follow-up. However, this study could not determine the proportion of specific intervention effects vs. nonspecific effects, such as positive outcome expectations or attention. Future research should focus on the long-term effects and cost-effectiveness of WBI before psychotherapy.
Matters of Life and Death: An Experimental Study Investigating Psychological Interventions to Encourage the Readiness for End-of-Life Conversations
von Blanckenburg P.a · Leppin N.a · Nagelschmidt K.a · Seifart C.b · Rief W.a
doi : 10.1159/000511199
Psychother Psychosom 2021;90:243–254
Talking about death and dying is evoking discomfort in many persons, resulting in avoidance of this topic. However, end-of-life discussions can alleviate distress and uncertainties in both old and young adults, but only a minority uses this option in palliative care. Even in healthy populations, talking about death is often seen as alleviative and worthwhile, but rarely initiated.
Effectiveness of a Guided Internet- and Mobile-Based Intervention for Patients with Chronic Back Pain and Depression (WARD-BP): A Multicenter, Pragmatic Randomized Controlled Trial
Baumeister H.a · Paganini S.b · Sander L.B.c · Lin J.d · Schlicker S.e · Terhorst Y.a · Moshagen M.f · Bengel J.c · Lehr D.g · Ebert D.D.e,h
doi : 10.1159/000511881
Psychother Psychosom 2021;90:255–268
There is neither strong evidence on effective treatments for patients with chronic back pain (CBP) and depressive disorder nor sufficiently available mental health care offers.
A Three-Arm Randomized Clinical Trial Comparing the Efficacy of a Mindfulness-Based Intervention with an Active Comparison Group and Fluoxetine Treatment for Adults with Generalized Anxiety Disorder
Costa M.A.a,b · Gonçalves F.G.a,b · Tatton-Ramos T.c · Fonseca N.K.O.a,b · Schwinn J.K.a · Alves S.G.a · Salum G.A.a,b · Manfro G.G.a,b
doi : 10.1159/000511880
Psychother Psychosom 2021;90:269–279
Mindfulness-based interventions have been studied as an alternative treatment for anxiety disorders, but there are only a few studies comparing these with established treatments.
How Response Styles Moderate the Relationship between Daily Stress and Social Interactions in Depression, Social Phobia, and Controls
Gloster A.T.a · Hoyer J.b · Karekla M.c · Meyer A.d · Bader K.e · Imboden C.f · Mikoteit T.g · Hatzinger M.g · Lieb R.d
doi : 10.1159/000511102
Psychother Psychosom 2021;90:280–284
Stress and social isolation are potent predictors of negative health outcomes and are impacted in mood and anxiety disorders. Difficulties in social interactions have been particularly noted in people diagnosed with major depression disorder (MDD) and social phobia (SP). It remains poorly understood, however, how these variables interact on a moment-to-moment basis and which variables moderate this relationship. Psychological flexibility, or the ability to be open to experiences while maintaining engagement in valued activities, may help moderate the relationship between stress and social interaction.
The Impact of Switching from Face-to-Face to Remote Psychological Therapy during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Lutz W.a · Edelbluth S.a · Deisenhofer A.-K.a · Delgadillo J.b · Moggia D.a · Prinz J.a · Schwartz B.
doi : 10.1159/000515543
Psychother Psychosom 2021;90:285–286
