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In Memoriam
Vu Nguyen, MD, Paul Yeaton, MD, Fabio Cominelli, MD, PhD the Board of Editors
doi : 10.1093/ibd/izab226
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases, Volume 27, Issue 10, October 2021, Page 1551
Health Maintenance Consensus for Adults With Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Gaurav Syal, MD, MHDS, Mariastella Serrano, MD, Animesh Jain, MD, Benjamin L Cohen, MD, Florian Rieder, MD, Christian Stone, MD, Bincy Abraham, MD, David Hudesman, MD, Lisa Malter, MD, Robert McCabe, MD, Stefan Holubar, MD, Anita Afzali, MD, Adam S Cheifetz, MD, Jill K J Gaidos, MD, Alan C Moss, MD, MBBCh, BAO
doi : 10.1093/ibd/izab155
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases, Volume 27, Issue 10, October 2021, Pages 1552–1563
With the management of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) becoming increasingly complex, incorporating preventive care health maintenance measures can be challenging. The aim of developing these updated recommendations is to provide more specific details to facilitate their use into a busy clinical practice setting.
Oncostatin M Is a Biomarker of Diagnosis, Worse Disease Prognosis, and Therapeutic Nonresponse in Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Sare Verstockt, MSc, PhD, Bram Verstockt, MD, PhD, Kathleen Machiels, MSc, PhD, Maaike Vancamelbeke, MSc, PhD, Marc Ferrante, MD, PhD, Isabelle Cleynen, MSc, PhD, Gert De Hertogh, MD, PhD, Séverine Vermeire, MD, PhD
doi : 10.1093/ibd/izab032
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases, Volume 27, Issue 10, October 2021, Pages 1564–1575
Oncostatin M (OSM) has been implicated in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and as a marker for nonresponsiveness to anti-tumor necrosis factor (TNF) therapy. We further unraveled the potential of OSM and related receptors as markers of diagnosis, prognosis, and therapy response in IBD.
Longitudinal Autonomic Nervous System Measures Correlate With Stress and Ulcerative Colitis Disease Activity and Predict Flare
Robert P Hirten, MD, Matteo Danieletto, PhD, Robert Scheel, Mark Shervey, Jiayi Ji, MS, Liangyuan Hu, PhD, Jenny Sauk, MD, Lin Chang, MD, Bert Arnrich, PhD, Erwin B?ttinger, MD, Joel Dudley, PhD, Laurie Keefer, PhD, Bruce E Sands, MD
doi : 10.1093/ibd/izaa323
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases, Volume 27, Issue 10, October 2021, Pages 1576–1584
Differences in autonomic nervous system function, measured by heart rate variability (HRV), have been observed between patients with inflammatory bowel disease and healthy control patients and have been associated in cross-sectional studies with systemic inflammation. High HRV has been associated with low stress.
Development and Testing of a New Simplified Endoscopic Mucosal Assessment for Crohn’s Disease: The SEMA-CD
Jeremy Adler, MD, MSc, Sally J Eder, BA, Acham Gebremariam, MS, Kelley Rose French, BS, Ila Moncion, MS, Andrew A M Singer, MD, Lee M Bass, MD, Christopher J Moran, MD, Joseph A Picoraro, MD, Jonathan Moses, MD, Jeffery D Lewis, MD, Kelly C Sandberg, MD, MSc, Shuemein J Mar, MD, Dawn R Ebach, MD, Shehzad A Saeed, MD, Joel R Rosh, MD, Haley C Neef, MD, Jess L Kaplan, MD, Alka Goyal, MD, J Fernando del Rosario, MD, George M Zacur, MD
doi : 10.1093/ibd/izaa307
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases, Volume 27, Issue 10, October 2021, Pages 1585–1592
Endoscopic mucosal improvement is the gold standard for assessing treatment efficacy in clinical trials of Crohn’s disease. Current endoscopic indices are not routinely used in clinical practice. The lack of endoscopic information in large clinical registries limits their use for research. A quick, easy, and accurate method is needed for assessing mucosal improvement for clinicians in real-world practice. We developed and tested a novel simplified endoscopic mucosal assessment for Crohn’s disease (SEMA-CD).
Assessing Patient Decision-Making on Biologic and Small-Molecule Therapies in Inflammatory Bowel Diseases: Insights From a Conjoint Analysis in the United States, Canada, and the United Kingdom
Devin B Patel, MD, Welmoed K van Deen, PhD, Christopher V Almario, MD, Carine Khalil, PhD, Esther Warui, MPH, Nirupama Bonthala, MD, Gil Y Melmed, MD, Brennan M R Spiegel, MD
doi : 10.1093/ibd/izaa311
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases, Volume 27, Issue 10, October 2021, Pages 1593–1601
Recent drug approvals have increased the number of therapies available for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), making it difficult for patients to navigate available treatment options. We examined patient decision-making surrounding biologic and small-molecule therapies in an international cohort of patients from the United States, Canada, and the United Kingdom using conjoint analysis (CA), a form of tradeoff analysis examining how respondents make complex decisions.
Association of Anti-TNF Therapy With Increased Risk of Acute Cholangitis in Patients With Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis
Chiraag Kulkarni, MD, Soumya Murag, MD, George Cholankeril, MD, Touran Fardeen, Ajitha Mannalithara, PhD, Robert Lerrigo, MD, Ahmad Kamal, MD, Aijaz Ahmed, MD, Aparna Goel, MD, Sidhartha R Sinha, MD
doi : 10.1093/ibd/izaa317
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases, Volume 27, Issue 10, October 2021, Pages 1602–1609
Patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) are at increased risk of developing acute cholangitis. The majority of patients with PSC have comorbid inflammatory bowel disease, and many take immunosuppressive medications. The epidemiological risks for the development of acute cholangitis in patients with PSC, including the impact of immunosuppressive therapy, are unknown.
Hepatitis-B Vaccine Response in Inflammatory Bowel Disease Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Gursimran S Kochhar, MD, Babu P Mohan, MD, Shahab R Khan, MBBS, Saurabh Chandan, MD, Lena L Kassab, MD, MBA, Suresh Ponnada, MD, MPH, Aakash Desai, MD, Freddy Caldera, DO, MS, Parambir S Dulai, MD, Francis A Farraye, MD, MSc
doi : 10.1093/ibd/izaa353
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases, Volume 27, Issue 10, October 2021, Pages 1610–1619
Data on efficacy of hepatitis-B vaccine (HBV) in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is limited. Our aim was to review the literature and perform meta-analysis of available studies to quantify efficacy of HBV in patients with IBD.
Inpatient Therapy With Calcineurin Inhibitors in Severe Ulcerative Colitis
Sujaata Dwadasi, MD, Maryam Zafer, MD, Donald Goens, MD, Raghavendra Paknikar, MD, Sushila Dalal, MD, Russell D Cohen, MD, Joel Pekow, MD, David T Rubin, MD, Atsushi Sakuraba, MD, PhD, Dejan Micic, MD
doi : 10.1093/ibd/izaa326
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases, Volume 27, Issue 10, October 2021, Pages 1620–1625
Inpatient management of severe ulcerative colitis is complicated by the use of prior immunosuppressant therapies. Our aim was to determine the rate of 1-year colectomy among individuals receiving inpatient calcineurin inhibitor (CNI)-based therapy stratified by prior biologic therapy.
Frailty and Risk of Serious Infections in Biologic-treated Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Diseases
Siddharth Singh, MD, MS, Herbert C Heien, MS, Lindsey Sangaralingham, MPH, Nilay D Shah, PhD, Jennifer C Lai, MD, MBA, William J Sandborn, MD, Alison A Moore, MD, MPH
doi : 10.1093/ibd/izaa327
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases, Volume 27, Issue 10, October 2021, Pages 1626–1633
Identifying biologic-treated patients with inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) at higher risk of serious infections is a priority. We conducted a retrospective cohort study evaluating frailty and risk of serious infections in biologic-treated patients with IBD.
Comparative Evaluation of Conventional Stool Testing and Multiplex Molecular Panel in Outpatients With Relapse of Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Soonwook Hong, MD, Timothy A Zaki, MD, Michael Main, MD, Ashley M Hine, Shannon Chang, MD, David Hudesman, MD, Jordan E Axelrad, MD, MPH
doi : 10.1093/ibd/izaa336
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases, Volume 27, Issue 10, October 2021, Pages 1634–1640
Differentiating between enteric infection and relapse of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a common clinical challenge. Few studies have evaluated the impact of multiplex gastrointestinal polymerase chain reaction (GI PCR) pathogen panels on clinical practice compared to stool culture. Our aim was to compare the impact of PCR stool testing to conventional stool testing in outpatients presenting with relapse of IBD.
Human Intestinal Macrophages Are Involved in the Pathology of Both Ulcerative Colitis and Crohn Disease
Suranga Dharmasiri, PhD, Eva M Garrido-Martin, PhD, Richard J Harris, MD, Adrian C Bateman, MD, MRCPath, Jane E Collins, PhD, J R Fraser Cummings, FRCP, DPhil, Tilman Sanchez-Elsner, PhD
doi : 10.1093/ibd/izab029
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases, Volume 27, Issue 10, October 2021, Pages 1641–1652
Intestinal macrophages are key immune cells in the maintenance of intestinal immune homeostasis and have a role in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). However, the mechanisms by which macrophages exert a pathological influence in both ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn disease (CD) are not yet well understood.
Computational Learning of microRNA-Based Prediction of Pouchitis Outcome After Restorative Proctocolectomy in Patients With Ulcerative Colitis
Ian Morilla, PhD, Mathieu Uzzan, MD, PhD, Dominique Cazals-Hatem, MD, PhD, Nathalie Colnot, Yves Panis, MD, PhD, Stéphane Nancey, MD, PhD, Gilles Boschetti, MD, PhD, Aurélien Amiot, MD, PhD, Xavier Tréton, MD, PhD, Eric Ogier-Denis, PhD, Fanny Daniel, PhD
doi : 10.1093/ibd/izab030
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases, Volume 27, Issue 10, October 2021, Pages 1653–1660
Ileal pouch-anal anastomosis (IPAA) is the standard of care after total proctocolectomy for ulcerative colitis (UC). However, inflammation often develops in the pouch, leading to acute or recurrent/chronic pouchitis (R/CP). MicroRNAs (miRNA) are used as accurate diagnostic and predictive biomarkers in many human diseases, including inflammatory bowel diseases. Therefore, we aimed to identify an miRNA-based biomarker to predict the occurrence of R/CP in patients with UC after colectomy and IPAA.
Liver X Receptor Exerts Anti-Inflammatory Effects in Colonic Epithelial Cells via ABCA1 and Its Expression Is Decreased in Human and Experimental Inflammatory Bowel Disease
José Miranda-Bautista, MD, Juan A Rodríguez-Feo, PhD, Marta Puerto, PhD, Beatriz López-Cauce, José M Lara, Raquel González-Novo, David Martín-Hernández, PhD, Rocío Ferreiro-Iglesias, MD, Rafael Bañares, MD, PhD, Luis Menchén, MD, PhD
doi : 10.1093/ibd/izab034
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases, Volume 27, Issue 10, October 2021, Pages 1661–1673
Liver X receptor (LXR) exerts anti-inflammatory effects in macrophages. The aim of this study was to explore the expression and function of LXR in the colonic epithelium under inflammatory conditions.
Clinical and Mechanistic Characteristics of Current JAK Inhibitors in IBD
Elleni J Pippis, PharmD, Bruce R Yacyshyn, MD, FRCPC, FACG, AGAF
doi : 10.1093/ibd/izaa318
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases, Volume 27, Issue 10, October 2021, Pages 1674–1683
Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) are chronic, immune-mediated diseases of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. Their etiology is complex and involves immune (eg, cytokines) and nonimmune (eg, environment) mediated contributions, causing inflammatory damage to the GI tract. Though cytokines contribute a major role in the inflammatory process of both CD and UC, there are some key differences in which cytokines are involved in the pathobiology of CD and UC. Over the past several years, new biologic-directed therapies have focused on controlling specific aspects of inflammation associated with both conditions. Although these treatments have benefited patients overall, approximately 30% of patients still do not respond to induction (initial) therapy, and up to 50% of patients lose response to treatment over a year. Many of these therapies are administered parenterally and have been associated with adverse events such as serious infections or malignancy. Therefore, there is a significant unmet medical need for these patients to minimize symptoms and promote GI healing. There are several therapeutic agents in the pipeline, including oral, small molecules, which hold much promise. One group of small molecules known as Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors offers an additional option for treatment of chronic inflammatory conditions, based on currently available data. The article will focus on the potential benefits of JAK inhibitors as oral, small molecules, such as the potential role of selectivity, and potential risks.
Targeting Immune Cell Metabolism in the Treatment of Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Vanessa Zaiatz Bittencourt, PhD, Fiona Jones, MD, Glen Doherty, MD, PhD, Elizabeth J Ryan, PhD
doi : 10.1093/ibd/izab024
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases, Volume 27, Issue 10, October 2021, Pages 1684–1693
The cells of the immune system are highly dynamic, constantly sensing and adapting to changes in their surroundings. Complex metabolic pathways govern leukocytes’ ability to fine-tune their responses to external threats. Mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 and hypoxia inducible factor are important hubs of these pathways and play a critical role coordinating cell activation and proliferation and cytokine production. For this reason, these molecules are attractive therapeutic targets in inflammatory disease. Insight into perturbations in immune cell metabolic pathways and their impact on inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) progression are starting to emerge. However, it remains to be determined whether the aberrations in immune metabolism that occur in gut resident immune cells contribute to disease pathogenesis or are reflected in the peripheral blood of patients with IBD. In this review, we explore what is known about the metabolic profile of T cells, monocytes, macrophages, dendritic cells, and natural killer cells in IBD and discuss the potential of manipulating immune cell metabolism as a novel approach to treating IBD.
Real-World Comparison of Tofacitinib vs Ustekinumab Among Bio-Exposed Patients With Ulcerative Colitis: A Propensity Score Analysis
Rahul S Dalal, MD, Jennifer Mitri, Hannah Goodrick, Jessica R Allegretti, MD, MPH
doi : 10.1093/ibd/izab097
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases, Volume 27, Issue 10, October 2021, Pages 1694–1697
Effectiveness and Safety of Combining Tofacitinib With a Biologic in Patients With Refractory Inflammatory Bowel Diseases
Quazim A Alayo, MD, MSc, MMSc, Aava Khatiwada, MD, Anish Patel, DO, Maria Zulfiqar, MD, Anas Gremida, MD, Alexandra Gutierrez, MD, MPH, Richard P Rood, MD, Matthew A Ciorba, MD, George Christophi, MD, PhD, Parakkal Deepak, MBBS MS
doi : 10.1093/ibd/izab112
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases, Volume 27, Issue 10, October 2021, Pages 1698–1702
Ensuring High and Equitable COVID-19 Vaccine Uptake Among Patients With IBD
Freddy Caldera, DO, MS, Sophie Balzora, MD, Mary S Hayney, PharmD, MPH, Francis A Farraye, MD, MSc, Raymond K Cross, MD, MS
doi : 10.1093/ibd/izab114
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases, Volume 27, Issue 10, October 2021, Pages 1703–1705
The recent emergency use authorization of a third COVID-19 vaccine means that most patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) will soon be eligible to be vaccinated. Gastroenterology clinicians should be prepared to address patients’ concerns regarding safety and efficacy of vaccines. They should also strongly recommend that all their patients be vaccinated with a COVID-19 vaccine. Additionally, they should be prepared to educate patients about logistics that will result in successful vaccination completion. All these measures will be crucial to ensure high uptake among their patients with IBD.
Corrigendum to: Hepatitis-B Vaccine Response in Inflammatory Bowel Disease Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
doi : 10.1093/ibd/izab077
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases, Volume 27, Issue 10, October 2021, Page 1706
Is It Crohn’s Disease?
Yu Lou, MD, Zhen Li, MD, PhD
doi : 10.1093/ibd/izab105
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases, Volume 27, Issue 10, October 2021, Pages e116–e117
Response to the Letter to the Editor: “Pyoderma Gangrenosum in An Ulcerative Colitis Pediatric Patient During Vedolizumab Therapy Successfully Treated With Oral Cyclosporine”
Carlos Henrique Marques dos Santos, MD, PhD, Gabrielli Avelar Koga, MD
doi : 10.1093/ibd/izab107
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases, Volume 27, Issue 10, October 2021, Page e118
Mixed Adenocarcinoma in a 44-Year-Old Male with Crohn’s Disease
T Valdés Delgado, PhD, F Argüelles Arias, PhD, M A Gastearena Idoate, PhD
doi : 10.1093/ibd/izab113
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases, Volume 27, Issue 10, October 2021, Pages e119–e120
A Case of Iliopsoas Abscess and Ileitis With Enterocutaneous Fistula Caused by a Toothpick Mimicking Small Bowel Crohn’s Disease
Moo Jin Kang, MD, Hyung Wook Kim, MD, PhD, Su Bum Park, MD, PhD, Dae Hwan Kang, MD, PhD, Cheol Woong Choi, MD, PhD, Su Jin Kim, MD, PhD, Hyeong Seok Nam, MD, Dae Gon Ryu, MD, PhD
doi : 10.1093/ibd/izab118
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases, Volume 27, Issue 10, October 2021, Pages e121–e122
Ustekinumab for Crohn Disease With Severe Gastroduodenal Involvement
Konstantinos Fasoulas, MD, Evdoxia Stergiou, MD, Konstantinos Soufleris, MD
doi : 10.1093/ibd/izab128
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases, Volume 27, Issue 10, October 2021, Page e123
Ustekinumab-Induced Remission of Two Cases of Refractory Cutaneous Crohn’s Disease
Bansri M Patel, Claudia Ramos Rivers, MD, Filippos Koutroumpakis, MD, Maaz Ahsan, Jeffrey Dueker, MD, Jana Hashash, MD, Elyse Johnston, MD, Arthur Barrie, MD, Janet Harrison, MD, Marc Schwartz, MD, Dmitriy Babichenko, MD, Gong Tang, MD, David Binion, MD
doi : 10.1093/ibd/izab115
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases, Volume 27, Issue 10, October 2021, Page e124
Distinct Entity of Inflammatory Bowel Disease in Autoimmune Sclerosing Cholangitis
Hui Li, MD, PhD, Hong Shu, MD, PhD, Feng Tian, MD, PhD
doi : 10.1093/ibd/izab120
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases, Volume 27, Issue 10, October 2021, Pages e125–e127
Strongyloides Stercoralis in Acute Severe Ulcerative Colitis—A Triggering Nuisance or An Opportunistic Bystander?
Anurag Sachan, MD, Sonakshi Srivastava, MD, Jimil Shah, MD, DM, Anupam Kumar Singh, MD, DM, Abhishek Mewara, MD, Kim Vaiphei, MD, Surinder S Rana, MD, DM
doi : 10.1093/ibd/izab119
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases, Volume 27, Issue 10, October 2021, Pages e128–e129
