Cordelia Orillac, MD, Walter Stummer, MD, PhD, Daniel A Orringer, MD
doi : 10.1093/neuros/nyaa475
Neurosurgery, Volume 89, Issue 5, November 2021, Pages 727–736
Safely maximizing extent of resection has become the central goal in glioma surgery. Especially in eloquent cortex, the goal of maximal resection is balanced with neurological risk. As new technologies emerge in the field of neurosurgery, the standards for maximal safe resection have been elevated. Fluorescence-guided surgery, intraoperative magnetic resonance imaging, and microscopic imaging methods are among the most well-validated tools available to enhance the level of accuracy and safety in glioma surgery. Each technology uses a different characteristic of glioma tissue to identify and differentiate tumor tissue from normal brain and is most effective in the context of anatomic, connectomic, and neurophysiologic context. While each tool is able to enhance resection, multiple modalities are often used in conjunction to achieve maximal safe resection. This paper reviews the mechanism and utility of the major adjuncts available for use in glioma surgery, especially in tumors within eloquent areas, and puts forth the foundation for a unified approach to how leverage currently available technology to ensure maximal safe resection.
Catherine K Gestrich, DO, Marta E Couce, MD, PhD, Mark L Cohen, MD
doi : 10.1093/neuros/nyab042
Neurosurgery, Volume 89, Issue 5, November 2021, Pages 737–749
Infiltrating gliomas comprise the most common group of primary intraparenchymal brain tumors and present a level of complexity which requires careful integration of histopathology and molecular diagnostics for optimal therapy. To this end, the fourth edition of the World Health Organization (WHO) Classification of Tumors of the Central Nervous System (CNS) has been followed by a series of publications by cIMPACT-NOW (the Consortium to Inform Molecular and Practical Approaches to CNS Tumor Taxonomy) incorporating molecular signatures to propose updated diagnostic categories in anticipation of the upcoming fifth edition of CNS tumor classification. Integration of histopathology, immunophenotyping, and molecular findings is profoundly changing the practice of diagnostic surgical neuropathology and enabling a more personalized approach to treating patients with gliomas.
Patrick D Kelly, MD, MSCI, Aaron M Yengo-Kahn, MD, Steven G Roth, MD, Scott L Zuckerman, MD, MPH, Rohan V Chitale, MD, John C Wellons, III, MD, MSPH, Lola B Chambless, MD
doi : 10.1093/neuros/nyab322
Neurosurgery, Volume 89, Issue 5, November 2021, Pages 750–759
Neurosurgery residency programs are tasked with imparting large volumes of both clinical knowledge and technical skill to trainees in limited time. Many investigators have described local practices, which may offer evidence-based interventions in neurosurgical residency education, but this literature has not been systematically reviewed.
Muhammed Amir Essibayi, Soliman H Oushy, MD, Giuseppe Lanzino, MD, Waleed Brinjikji, MD
doi : 10.1093/neuros/nyab299
Neurosurgery, Volume 89, Issue 5, November 2021, Pages 760–768
Tinnitus is an abnormal perception of a sound without external stimulation. Venous pulsatile tinnitus (VPT) is a specific form of tinnitus characterized by an objective and often subjective bruit that occurs as a result of localized venous abnormalities. Clinical evaluation relies on sound quality, duration, and precipitating factors. Idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) and transverse sinus stenosis (TSS) are among the most common causes of VPT. Other causes include sigmoid sinus wall abnormalities (SSWAs), jugular vein anomalies (JVAs), and emissary veins anomalies. These anomalies can be detected on magnetic resonance imaging, magnetic resonance angiography/magnetic resonance venography, and high-resolution temporal bone computed tomography. The pathogenesis behind the VPT includes turbulent blood flow as a result of luminal stenosis or abnormal dilation, amplification of internal sound due to temporal bone defects, and abnormal position of the venous sinus system structures adjacent to the bony structures of the auditive apparatus. Based on these theories, different interventional treatment modalities can be applied to treat the underlying causes. Endovascular treatments have shown high efficacy and safety among those treatments which include stenting of the lateral sinus stenosis in IIH and TSS, coiling of the SSWA and JVA, and embolization of emissary veins anomalies. Further studies are needed to understand the natural history of these anomalies and the efficacy of treatments of VPT, which—unlike other types of tinnitus—can be cured with proper treatment.
Andrew S Little, MD, Varun R Kshettry, MD, Marc R Rosen, MD, Ryan M Rehl, MD, Timothy W Haegen, MD, Mindy R Rabinowitz, MD, Gurston G Nyquist, MD, Pablo F Recinos, MD, Raj Sindwani, MD, Troy D Woodard, MD, Christopher J Farrell, MD, Griffin D Santarelli, MD, John Milligan, MD, James J Evans, MD
doi : 10.1093/neuros/nyab301
Neurosurgery, Volume 89, Issue 5, November 2021, Pages 769–776
Postoperative prophylactic antibiotics are commonly used in pituitary surgery, but evidence supporting their use is lacking, which has implications for antibiotic stewardship.
Matthew S Willsey, MD, PhD, James M Mossner, MD, MS, Cynthia A Chestek, PhD, Oren Sagher, MD, Parag G Patil, MD, PhD
doi : 10.1093/neuros/nyab292
Neurosurgery, Volume 89, Issue 5, November 2021, Pages 777–783
Preprocedure diffusion tensor magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) may predict the response of trigeminal neuralgia (TN) patients to Gamma Knife (Elekta AB) and microvascular decompression (MVD).
Adomas Bunevicius, MD, PhD, Jungeun Ahn, BA, Sarah Fribance, BS, Selcuk Peker, MD, Batu Hergunsel, MD, Darrah Sheehan, Kimball Sheehan, Ahmed M Nabeel, MD, PhD, Wael A Reda, MD, PhD, Sameh R Tawadros, MD, PhD, Khaled Abdelkarim, MD, PhD, Amr M N El-Shehaby, MD, PhD, Reem M Emad, MD, PhD, Tomas Chytka, MD, Roman Liscak, MD, Roberto Martínez Alvarez, MD, PhD, Nuria Martínez Moreno, MD, PhD, Anne-Marie Langlois, MD, David Mathieu, MD, Cheng-chia Lee, MD, PhD, Huai-che Yang, MD, Manjul Tripathi, MCh, Ronald E Warnick, MD, Herwin Speckter, MSc, Camilo Albert, MD, Piero Picozzi, MD, Andrea Franzini, MD, Luca Attuati, MD, Ben A Strickland, MD, Gabriel Zada, MD, Eric L Chang, MD, Caleb E Feliciano Valls, MD, Carlos H Carbini, MS, Samir Patel, MD, Jason Sheehan, MD, PhD
doi : 10.1093/neuros/nyab291
Neurosurgery, Volume 89, Issue 5, November 2021, Pages 784–791
Stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) is increasingly considered for selected olfactory groove meningiomas (OGMs).
Hooman A Azad, MD, MPH, Nikil Prasad, MD, Nathan A Shlobin, BA, Akash Mitra, BS, Michael B Cloney, MD, MPH, Benjamin S Hopkins, MD, MBA, Babak S Jahromi, MD, PhD, Matthew B Potts, MD, Nader S Dahdaleh, MD
doi : 10.1093/neuros/nyab296
Neurosurgery, Volume 89, Issue 5, November 2021, Pages 792–799
Postpartum vertebral artery dissections (ppVADs) are rare but potentially morbid conditions that occur in otherwise healthy patients.
Ariel Tankus, PhD, Yael Lustig, MSc, Itzhak Fried, MD, PhD, Ido Strauss, MD, PhD
doi : 10.1093/neuros/nyab293
Neurosurgery, Volume 89, Issue 5, November 2021, Pages 800–809
Our previous study found degradation to subthalamic neuronal encoding of speech features in Parkinson disease (PD) patients suffering from speech disorders.
Brittany M Stopa, MPH, Zabreen Tahir, MD, Elisabetta Mezzalira, RN, MS, Alessandro Boaro, MD, Ayaz Khawaja, MD, Rachel Grashow, PhD, MS, Ross D Zafonte, DO, Timothy R Smith, MD, PhD, MPH, William B Gormley, MD, MPH, MBA, Saef Izzy, MD
doi : 10.1093/neuros/nyab297
Neurosurgery, Volume 89, Issue 5, November 2021, Pages 810–818
Growing evidence associates traumatic brain injury (TBI) with increased risk of dementia, but few studies have evaluated associations in patients younger than 55 yr using non-TBI orthopedic trauma (NTOT) patients as controls to investigate the influence of age and TBI severity, and to identify predictors of dementia after trauma.
Seokchun Lim, MD, Hsueh-Han Yeh, PhD, Mohamed Macki, MD, Tarek Mansour, MD, Lonni Schultz, PhD, Edvin Telemi, MD, Sameah Haider, MD, David R Nerenz, PhD, Jason M Schwalb, MD, Muwaffak Abdulhak, MD, Paul Park, MD, Ilyas Aleem, MD, Richard Easton, MD, Jad Khalil, MD, Miguelangelo Perez-Cruet, MD, Victor Chang, MD
doi : 10.1093/neuros/nyab294
Neurosurgery, Volume 89, Issue 5, November 2021, Pages 819–826
Preoperative hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) is a useful screening tool since a significant portion of diabetic patients in the United States are undiagnosed and the prevalence of diabetes continues to increase. However, there is a paucity of literature analyzing comprehensive association between HbA1c and postoperative outcome in lumbar spine surgery.
Mark A Mahan, MD, Ilyas Eli, MD, Forrest Hamrick, BS, Hussam Abou-Al-Shaar, MD, Robert Shingleton, DPT, Kara Tucker Balun, PT, DPT, NCS, CSRS, Steven R Edgley, MD
doi : 10.1093/neuros/nyab303
Neurosurgery, Volume 89, Issue 5, November 2021, Pages 827–835
Sedating antispastic medications and focal therapies like botulinum toxin are the most common therapies for spasticity but are temporary and must be performed continuously for a principally static neurological insult. Alternatively, highly selective partial neurectomies (HSPNs) may reduce focal spasticity more permanently.
Thiago Scharth Montenegro, MD, Akash Singh, BS, Christopher Elia, DO, Caio M Matias, MD, PhD, Glenn A Gonzalez, MD, Fadi Al Saiegh, MD, Lucas Philipp, MD, Ellina Hattar, MD, Kevin Hines, MD, Umma Fatema, BS, Sara Thalheimer, BA, Chengyuan Wu, MD, MSBmE, Srinivas K Prasad, MD, MS, Jack Jallo, MD, PhD, Joshua E Heller, MD, MBA, Ashwini Sharan, MD, MSHQS, James Harrop, MD, MSHQS
doi : 10.1093/neuros/nyab300
Neurosurgery, Volume 89, Issue 5, November 2021, Pages 836–843
There is a paucity of information regarding treatment strategies and variables affecting outcomes of revision lumbar fusions.
S Mohammed Karim, MD, David W Cadotte, MD, PhD, FRCSC, Jefferson R Wilson, MD, FRCSC, Brian K Kwon, MD, PhD, FRCSC, W Bradley Jacobs, MD, FRCSC, Michael G Johnson, MD, FRCSC, Jérôme Paquet, MD, FRCSC, Christopher S Bailey, MD, FRCSC, Sean D Christie, MD, FRCSC, Andrew Nataraj, MD, FRCSC, Najmedden Attabib, MD, FRCSC, Philippe Phan, MD, PhD, FRCSC, Greg McIntosh, MSc, Hamilton Hall, MD, FRCSC, Y Raja Rampersaud, MD, FRCSC, Neil Manson, MD, FRCSC, Kenneth C Thomas, MD, FRCSC, Charles G Fisher, MD, MHSc, FRCSC, Nicolas Dea, MD, MSc, FRCSC on behalf of the Canadian Spine Outcomes and Research Network (CSORN)
doi : 10.1093/neuros/nyab295
Neurosurgery, Volume 89, Issue 5, November 2021, Pages 844–851
Conflicting evidence exists regarding the effectiveness of surgery for degenerative cervical myelopathy (DCM), particularly in mild DCM.
Han Wang, MD, Xiaofei Wang, MD, Hao Liu, MD, PhD, Yang Meng, MD, Yingjun Guo, MD, Ying Hong, BSN
doi : 10.1093/neuros/nyab298
Neurosurgery, Volume 89, Issue 5, November 2021, Pages 852–861
Heterotopic ossification (HO) is a common complication following total disc replacement (TDR). High-grade HO is a clinically relevant complication, however, only a few studies have evaluated risk factors for high-grade HO.
Eung Koo Yeon, MD, Young Dae Cho, MD, Dong Hyun Yoo, MD, Jeong Eun Kim, MD, PhD, Kang Min Kim, MD, Sung Ho Lee, MD, PhD, Won-Sang Cho, MD, PhD, Hyun-Seung Kang, MD, PhD
doi : 10.1093/neuros/nyab302
Neurosurgery, Volume 89, Issue 5, November 2021, Pages 862–866
The interplay of various commercially available stents during coil embolization of intracranial aneurysms and their ultimate impact are subject to debate.
Mohamed M Salem, MD, MPH, Mira Salih, MD, Felix Nwajei, MD, PHD, Natalie Williams, BS, Ajith J Thomas, MD, Justin M Moore, MD, PhD, Christopher S Ogilvy, MD
doi : 10.1093/neuros/nyab304
Neurosurgery, Volume 89, Issue 5, November 2021, Pages 867–872
The cost profiles of stent-assisted coiling (SAC) vs Pipeline embolization device (PED) in small unruptured anterior circulation aneurysms have not been studied.
Giuseppe Maria Della Pepa, MD, Valerio Maria Caccavella, MD, Grazia Menna, MD, Tamara Ius, MD, PhD, Anna Maria Auricchio, MD, Giovanni Sabatino, MD, PhD, Giuseppe La Rocca, MD, Silvia Chiesa, MD, Simona Gaudino, MD, Enrico Marchese, MD, Alessandro Olivi, MD
doi : 10.1093/neuros/nyab320
Neurosurgery, Volume 89, Issue 5, November 2021, Pages 873–883
Ability to thrive and time-to-recurrence following treatment are important parameters to assess in patients with glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), given its dismal prognosis. Though there is an ongoing debate whether it can be considered an appropriate surrogate endpoint for overall survival in clinical trials, progression-free survival (PFS) is routinely used for clinical decision-making.
Pejman Jabehdar Maralani, MD, Chia-Lin Tseng, MD, Hamidreza Baharjoo, MD, Erin Wong, MD, Anish Kapadia, MD, Archya Dasgupta, MD, Peter Howard, MD, Aimee K M Chan, MSc, Eshetu G Atenafu, MSc, Hua Lu, MSc, Pascal Tyrrell, PhD, Sunit Das, MD, PhD, Seyedmehdi Payabvash, MD, Jay Detsky, MD, PhD, Zain Husain, MD, Sten Myrehaug, MD, Hany Soliman, MD, Hanbo Chen, MD, Chris Heyn, MD, PhD, Sean Symons, MD, MBA, Arjun Sahgal, MD
doi : 10.1093/neuros/nyab310
Neurosurgery, Volume 89, Issue 5, November 2021, Pages 884–891
There are no established threshold values regarding the degree of growth on imaging when assessing response of spinal metastases treated with stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT).
Michael Zhang, MD, Samuel W Wong, MS, Jason N Wright, MD, Sebastian Toescu, MBChB, Maryam Mohammadzadeh, MD, Michelle Han, MD, Seth Lummus, DO, Matthias W Wagner, MD, Derek Yecies, MD, PhD, Hollie Lai, MD, Azam Eghbal, MD, Alireza Radmanesh, MD, Jordan Nemelka, Stephen Harward, II, MD, PhD, Michael Malinzak, MD, PhD, Suzanne Laughlin, MD, Sebastien Perreault, MD, Kristina R M Braun, MD, Arastoo Vossough, MD, PhD, Tina Poussaint, MD, Robert Goetti, MD, Birgit Ertl-Wagner, MD, PhD, Chang Y Ho, MD, Ozgur Oztekin, MD, Vijay Ramaswamy, MD, PhD, Kshitij Mankad, FRCR, Nicholas A Vitanza, MD, Samuel H Cheshier, MD, PhD, Mourad Said, MD, Kristian Aquilina, MD, Eric Thompson, MD, Alok Jaju, MD, Gerald A Grant, MD, Robert M Lober, MD, PhD, Kristen W Yeom, MD
doi : 10.1093/neuros/nyab311
Neurosurgery, Volume 89, Issue 5, November 2021, Pages 892–900
Clinicians and machine classifiers reliably diagnose pilocytic astrocytoma (PA) on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) but less accurately distinguish medulloblastoma (MB) from ependymoma (EP). One strategy is to first rule out the most identifiable diagnosis.
Erik H Middlebrooks, MD, Ayushi Jain, MBBS, Lela Okromelidze, MD, Chen Lin, PhD, Erin M Westerhold, RT(R)(MR), Chad A O'Steen, RT(R)(MR), Anthony L Ritaccio, MD, Alfredo Quiñones-Hinojosa, MD, William O Tatum, DO, Sanjeet S Grewal, MD
doi : 10.1093/neuros/nyab306
Neurosurgery, Volume 89, Issue 5, November 2021, Pages 901–908
Deep brain stimulation (DBS) of the anterior nucleus of the thalamus (ANT) is an increasingly utilized treatment of drug-resistant epilepsy. To date, the effect of high-frequency stimulation (HFS) vs low-frequency stimulation (LFS) in ANT DBS is poorly understood.
Tetsuro Sekine, MD, PhD, Yasuo Murai, MD, PhD, Erika Orita, MD, PhD, Takahiro Ando, MD, Ryo Takagi, MD, PhD, Yasuo Amano, MD, PhD, Fumihiro Matano, MD, PhD, Kotomi Iwata, MD, PhD, Masashi Ogawa, MSc, Makoto Obara, MSc, Shinichiro Kumita, MD, PhD
doi : 10.1093/neuros/nyab305
Neurosurgery, Volume 89, Issue 5, November 2021, Pages 909–916
The hemodynamic changes after superficial temporal artery (STA) to middle cerebral artery (MCA) bypass surgery are unclear.
Nealen Laxpati, MD, PhD, James G Malcolm, MD, PhD, Georges Bouobda Tsemo, BS, Christian Mustroph, MD, Amit M Saindane, MD, MBA, Faiz Ahmad, MD, Daniel Refai, MD, Matthew F Gary, MD
doi : 10.1093/neuros/nyab321
Neurosurgery, Volume 89, Issue 5, November 2021, Pages 917–927
Spinal arachnoid webs are rarely described bands of thickened arachnoid tissue in the dorsal thoracic spine. Much is unknown regarding their origins, risk factors, natural history, and outcomes.
Omaditya Khanna, MD, Anahita Fathi Kazerooni, PhD, Christopher J Farrell, MD, Michael P Baldassari, BS, Tyler D Alexander, MS, Michael Karsy, MD, PhD, MSc, Benjamin A Greenberger, MD, Jose A Garcia, MSc, Chiharu Sako, PhD, James J Evans, MD, Kevin D Judy, MD, David W Andrews, MD, Adam E Flanders, MD, Ashwini D Sharan, MD, Adam P Dicker, MD, PhD, Wenyin Shi, MD, PhD, Christos Davatzikos, PhD
doi : 10.1093/neuros/nyab307
Neurosurgery, Volume 89, Issue 5, November 2021, Pages 928–936
Although World Health Organization (WHO) grade I meningiomas are considered “benign” tumors, an elevated Ki-67 is one crucial factor that has been shown to influence tumor behavior and clinical outcomes. The ability to preoperatively discern Ki-67 would confer the ability to guide surgical strategy.
Ann R Stroink, MD, Katie O Orrico, JD, James R Bean, MD
doi : 10.1093/neuros/nyab269
Neurosurgery, Volume 89, Issue 5, November 2021, Pages 937–942
The American Association of Neurological Surgeons/Congress of Neurological Surgeons Washington Committee was formed in 1975 to establish a means for neurosurgery to influence federal health care policy. In response to growing federal health care legislation and regulation, the Washington Committee expanded from its original six members in 1975 to 35 invited liaisons and members by 2020. The Washington Committee, through the Washington Office, expanded political lobbying capacity into numerous important areas of health care policy, including Current Procedural Terminology coding and Medicare reimbursement, Federal Drug Administration (FDA) regulation, healthcare quality oversight, emergenc medical services, treatment guidelines, treatment outcome registries, medical liability reform, research funding, and information dissemination. Over 45 yr, the Washington Committee has become an indispensable resource for shaping public policy affecting neurosurgery training, research, and practice.
Alfredo Lucas, MSc, James H Eberwine, PhD, Stephen J Bagley, MD, MSCE, Yi Fan, MD, PhD, MacLean P Nasrallah, MD, PhD, Steven Brem, MD
doi : 10.1093/neuros/nyab288
Neurosurgery, Volume 89, Issue 5, November 2021, Pages E262–E263
Joao Paulo Almeida, MD, PhD, Alfredo Quinones-Hinojosa, MD, T Forcht Dagi, MD, DMedSc, DHC, MPH, FRCSEd
doi : 10.1093/neuros/nyab313
Neurosurgery, Volume 89, Issue 5, November 2021, Pages E264–E265
Jacob Ruzevick, MD, Richard G Ellenbogen, MD
doi : 10.1093/neuros/nyab324
Neurosurgery, Volume 89, Issue 5, November 2021, Page E266
Nathan A Shlobin, BA, David Moher, PhD
doi : 10.1093/neuros/nyab289
Neurosurgery, Volume 89, Issue 5, November 2021, Pages E267–E268
Jitin Bajaj, MBBS, MS, MCh, Yad Ram Yadav, MBBS, MS, MCh
doi : 10.1093/neuros/nyab286
Neurosurgery, Volume 89, Issue 5, November 2021, Page E269
Raphia Rahman, MBS, Sabrina Rahman, MPH, Hira Ghani, BA, Ivan David Lozada-Martinez, MS, Mohammed Maan Al-Salihi, MD, Md Moshiur Rahman, MS
doi : 10.1093/neuros/nyab282
Neurosurgery, Volume 89, Issue 5, November 2021, Pages E270–E271
Daniel M S Raper, MBBS, Adib A Abla, MD
doi : 10.1093/neuros/nyab285
Neurosurgery, Volume 89, Issue 5, November 2021, Pages E272–E273
Kubilay Aydin, MD, Paul Stracke, MD, Mynzhylky Berdikhojayev, MD, Mehmet Barburoglu, MD, Pascal Mosimann, MD, Nurzhan Suleimankulov, MD, Marat Sarshayev, MD, Serra Sencer, MD, Rene Chapot, MD
doi : 10.1093/neuros/nyab323
Neurosurgery, Volume 89, Issue 5, November 2021, Pages E274–E276
Giuseppe Maria Della Pepa, MD, Silvia Chiesa, MD, Alessandro Rapisarda, MD, Quintino Giorgio D’Alessandris, MD, PhD, Rina Di Bonaventura, MD, Roberto Pallini, MD, Alessandro Olivi, MD
doi : 10.1093/neuros/nyab283
Neurosurgery, Volume 89, Issue 5, November 2021, Pages E277–E278
David P Bray, MD, Joseph W Quillin, MD, Robert H Press, MD, Yilin Yang, BS, Zhengjia Chen, PhD, Bree R Eaton, MD, Jeffrey J Olson, MD
doi : 10.1093/neuros/nyab290
Neurosurgery, Volume 89, Issue 5, November 2021, Pages E279–E280
Nolan J Brown, BS, Brian V Lien, MS, Chidinma M Wilson, BA, BS, Donald K E Detchou, BA
doi : 10.1093/neuros/nyab284
Neurosurgery, Volume 89, Issue 5, November 2021, Pages E281–E282
Anusha Allawala, BS, Kelly R Bijanki, PhD, Wayne Goodman, MD, Jeffrey F Cohn, PhD, Ashwin Viswanathan, MD, Daniel Yoshor, MD, David A Borton, PhD, Nader Pouratian, MD, PhD, Sameer A Sheth, MD, PhD
doi : 10.1093/neuros/nyab308
Neurosurgery, Volume 89, Issue 5, November 2021, Page E283
Roland Jabre, MD, FRCSC, Jose Manuel Orenday-Barraza, MD, María José Cavagnaro, MD, Joseph Fouad Georges, DO, PhD, Peter Nakaji, MD
doi : 10.1093/neuros/nyab312
Neurosurgery, Volume 89, Issue 5, November 2021, Pages E284–E287
James Feghali, MD, Sarah Rapaport, BS, Wuyang Yang, MD, MS, Abhishek Gami, BS, Jaimin Patel, BS, Rafael J Tamargo, MD, Justin M Caplan, MD, Judy Huang, MD
doi : 10.1093/neuros/nyab314
Neurosurgery, Volume 89, Issue 5, November 2021, Page E288
Thomas Picht, MD, PhD, Maxime Le Calvé, PhD, Rosario Tomasello, PhD, Lucius Fekonja, MA, Mohammad Fardin Gholami, MSc, Matthias Bruhn, PhD, Carola Zwick, PhD, Jürgen P Rabe, PhD, Claudia Müller-Birn, PhD, Peter Vajkoczy, MD, PhD, Igor M Sauer, MD, PhD, Stefan Zachow, PhD, John A Nyakatura, PhD, Patricia Ribault, PhD, Friedemann Pulvermüller, PhD
doi : 10.1093/neuros/nyab326
Neurosurgery, Volume 89, Issue 5, November 2021, Pages E289–E291
Mendel Castle-Kirszbaum, MBBS, Peter J Fuller, FRACP, PhD, Tony Goldschlager, FRACS, PhD
doi : 10.1093/neuros/nyab325
Neurosurgery, Volume 89, Issue 5, November 2021, Pages E292–E294
doi : 10.1093/neuros/nyab334
Neurosurgery, Volume 89, Issue 5, November 2021, Page 943
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