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Welcoming New Associate Editors and New Initiatives
Sonia Friedman, M.D, Fabio Cominelli, M.D., Ph.D
doi : 10.1093/ibd/izab058
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases, Volume 27, Issue 5, May 2021, Page 593
We are grateful to our authors, reviewers, editors, and readers for making Inflammatory Bowel Diseases one of the most comprehensive and current international gastroenterology journals. We have a unique combination of clinical, translational, and basic science original research articles, as well as authoritative reviews and meta-analyses in both pediatric and adult inflammatory bowel disease. Our goal supports the mission of the Crohn’s and Colitis Foundation—to publish research that will improve the quality of life of patients and bring us closer to cures. We welcome our new clinical associate editors, Dr. Jessica Allegretti and Dr. Bente N?rg?rd
A 1-Year Cross-sectional Inflammatory Bowel Disease Surveillance Colonoscopy Cohort Comparing High-definition White Light Endoscopy and Chromoendoscopy
Nayantara Coelho-Prabhu, MD, David H Bruining, MD, William A Faubion, MD, Sunanda V Kane, MD, John B Kisiel, MD ...
doi : 10.1093/ibd/izaa146
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases, Volume 27, Issue 5, May 2021, Pages 594–602
We sought to compare the dysplasia detection rate of high-definition white light endoscopy (HDWLE) with that of chromoendoscopy in patients with long-standing inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).
Gastrointestinal Surgery for Inflammatory Bowel Disease Persistently Lowers Microbiome and Metabolome Diversity
Xin Fang, PhD, Yoshiki V?zquez-Baeza, PhD, Emmanuel Elijah, Fernando Vargas, Gail Ackermann
doi : 10.1093/ibd/izaa262
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases, Volume 27, Issue 5, May 2021, Pages 603–616
Many studies have investigated the role of the microbiome in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), but few have focused on surgery specifically or its consequences on the metabolome that may differ by surgery type and require longitudinal sampling. Our objective was to characterize and contrast microbiome and metabolome changes after different surgeries for IBD, including ileocolonic resection and colectomy.
Association of Dietary Fatty Acid Intake With the Development of Ulcerative Colitis: A Multicenter Case-Control Study in Japan
Yumie Kobayashi, MD, Satoko Ohfuji, MD, PhD, Kyoko Kondo, PhD, Wakaba Fukushima, MD, PhD, Satoshi Sasaki, MD, PhD
doi : 10.1093/ibd/izaa140
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases, Volume 27, Issue 5, May 2021, Pages 617–628
Dietary fatty acids can affect chronic intestinal inflammation and have been reported to be associated with the development of ulcerative colitis (UC), mainly in Europe and the United States. The association of dietary intake of fatty acids and the risk for UC was investigated in Japan, where dietary habits lead to lower meat and higher fish consumption than in Western countries.
Disease Activity in Inflammatory Bowel Disease Is Associated With Arterial Vascular Disease
Timothy R Card, PhD, FRCP, Eran Zittan, MD, Geoffrey C Nguyen, MD, PhD, FRCPC, Matthew J Grainge, PhD
doi : 10.1093/ibd/izaa156
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases, Volume 27, Issue 5, May 2021, Pages 629–638
There is evidence that several inflammatory diseases are associated with increased cardiovascular risk. Whether this is true for inflammatory bowel diseases remains controversial. We aimed to assess this risk, corrected for the effects of conventional vascular risk factors and IBD disease activity.
Early Combined Immunosuppression May Be More Effective for Reducing Complications in Isolated Colonic- vs Ileal-Dominant Crohn Disease
Parambir S Dulai, MD, Vipul Jairath, MD, PhD, Guangyong Zou, PhD, Larry W Stitt, Reena Khanna, MD
doi : 10.1093/ibd/izaa168
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases, Volume 27, Issue 5, May 2021, Pages 639–646
We assessed whether differential efficacy of early combined immunosuppression (ECI) in comparison with conventional management (CM) is present in patients with Crohn disease (CD) according to disease location.
Fecal Calprotectin Thresholds to Predict Endoscopic Remission Using Advanced Optical Enhancement Techniques and Histological Remission in IBD Patients
Rosanna Cannatelli, MD, Alina Bazarova, PhD, Davide Zardo, MD, Olga Maria Nardone, MD, Uday Shivaji, MD
doi : 10.1093/ibd/izaa163
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases, Volume 27, Issue 5, May 2021, Pages 647–654
Fecal calprotectin (FC) is a common surrogate marker of mucosal healing (MH) in patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn’s disease (CD). We investigated the optimum FC thresholds for defining endoscopic remission (ER) and histological remission (HR) using advanced endoscopic techniques.
No Change in Surgical and Hospitalization Trends Despite Higher Exposure to Anti-Tumor Necrosis Factor in Inflammatory Bowel Disease in the Québec Provincial Database From 1996 to 2015
Christine Verdon, MBBS, MSc(A), Jason Reinglas, MD, Janie Coulombe, MSc, Lorant Gonczi, MD, PhD, Talat Bessissow, MD, MSc
doi : 10.1093/ibd/izaa166
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases, Volume 27, Issue 5, May 2021, Pages 655–661
Crohn disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) have high health care expenditures because of medications, hospitalizations, and surgeries. We evaluated disease outcomes and treatment algorithms of patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in Québec, comparing periods before and after 2010.
From the American Epicenter: Coronavirus Disease 2019 in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease in the New York City Metropolitan Area
Jordan E Axelrad, MD, MPH, Lisa Malter, MD, Simon Hong, MD, Shannon Chang, MD, MBA, Brian Bosworth, MD
doi : 10.1093/ibd/izaa162
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases, Volume 27, Issue 5, May 2021, Pages 662–666
We aimed to characterize patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).
Depletion of Intestinal Stem Cell Niche Factors Contributes to the Alteration of Epithelial Differentiation in SAMP1/YitFcsJ Mice With Crohn Disease-Like Ileitis
Chansu Lee, PhD, Sung Noh Hong, MD, PhD, Eun Ran Kim, MD, PhD, Dong Kyung Chang, MD, PhD, Young-Ho Kim, MD, PhD
doi : 10.1093/ibd/izaa314
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases, Volume 27, Issue 5, May 2021, Pages 667–676
SAMP1/YitFcsJ (SAMP1) mice spontaneously develop terminal ileitis resembling human Crohn disease. SAMP1 mice have exhibited alteration of epithelial cell lineage distribution and an overall proliferation of the crypt cell population; however, it has not been evaluated whether epithelial differentiation is impaired because of dysfunction of intestinal stem cells (ISCs) or their niche factors.
Epithelial Cell Biomarkers Are Predictive of Response to Biologic Agents in Crohn’s Disease
Mark T Osterman, MD, MSCE, Kelli L VanDussen, PhD, Ilyssa O Gordon, MD, PhD, Elisabeth M Davis, PhD, Katherine Li, PhD
doi : 10.1093/ibd/izaa251
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases, Volume 27, Issue 5, May 2021, Pages 677–685
Therapeutic efficacy of biologics has remained at about 50% for 2 decades. In Crohn’s disease (CD) patients, we examined the predictive value of an epithelial cell biomarker, ileal microvillar length (MVL), for clinical response to ustekinumab (UST) and vedolizumab (VDZ) and its relationship to another biomarker, intestinal epithelial cell (IEC) pyroptosis, with respect to response to VDZ.
Genomic Landscape of Early-stage Colorectal Neoplasia Developing From the Ulcerative Colitis Mucosa in the Japanese Population
Kenta Matsumoto, MD, Yuji Urabe, MD, PhD, Shiro Oka, MD, PhD, Katsuaki Inagaki, MD, Hidenori Tanaka, MD
doi : 10.1093/ibd/izaa268
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases, Volume 27, Issue 5, May 2021, Pages 686–696
Colorectal neoplasias (CRN)s developing from the ulcerative colitis (UC) mucosa include both colitic and sporadic neoplasias. Although several genomic analyses of advanced colitis-associated cancer are available, such studies do not distinguish between colitic and sporadic cases, and the early-stage genomic alterations involved in the onset of colitic cancer remain unclear. To address this, we performed a genomic analysis of early-stage CRN developing from the UC mucosa (CRNUC).
Systematic Review: Psychosocial Correlates of Pain in Pediatric Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Lexa K Murphy, PhD, Rocio de la Vega, PhD, Sara Ahola Kohut, PhD, Joy S Kawamura, PhD, Rona L Levy, PhD
doi : 10.1093/ibd/izaa115
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases, Volume 27, Issue 5, May 2021, Pages 697–710
Pain is a common symptom in pediatric inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and is associated with poor health outcomes, yet additional knowledge about the psychosocial correlates of pain is needed to optimize clinical care. The purpose of this study is to systematically review the psychosocial factors associated with pain and pain impact in youth diagnosed with IBD within a developmentally informed framework.
The Effect of Psychotherapy on Quality of Life in IBD Patients: A Systematic Review
Emma Paulides, MD, Inge Boukema, Christien Janneke van der Woude, MD, PhD, Nanne K H de Boer, MD, PhD
doi : 10.1093/ibd/izaa144
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases, Volume 27, Issue 5, May 2021, Pages 711–724
Patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) express a need for additional psychotherapy; however, psychological support is not incorporated in the routine care of persons with IBD. This systematic review aims to assess the effect of psychotherapy on quality of life (QoL).
Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Acute Coronary Syndromes: From Pathogenesis to the Fine Line Between Bleeding and Ischemic Risk
Martino Pepe, MD, PhD, Eugenio Carulli, MD, Cinzia Forleo, MD, PhD, Marco Moscarelli, MD, Ottavio Di Cillo, MD
doi : 10.1093/ibd/izaa160
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases, Volume 27, Issue 5, May 2021, Pages 725–731
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a pathological condition that first involves the gastrointestinal wall but can also trigger a systemic inflammatory state and thus extraintestinal manifestations. Systemic inflammation is probably secondary to the passage of bacterial products into the bloodstream because of altered intestinal permeability and the consequent release of proinflammatory mediators. Inflammation, through several diverse pathophysiological pathways, determines both a procoagulative state and systemic endothelial dysfunction, which are both deemed to be responsible for venous and arterial thromboembolic adverse events.
PPAR?: The Central Mucus Barrier Coordinator in Ulcerative Colitis
Jian Fang, MA, Hui Wang, Zhe Xue, Yinyin Cheng, Xiaohong Zhang, PhD
doi : 10.1093/ibd/izaa273
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases, Volume 27, Issue 5, May 2021, Pages 732–741
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is an idiopathic, long-term inflammatory disorder of the colon, characterized by a continuous remitting and relapsing course. The intestinal mucus barrier is the first line at the interface between the host and microbiota and acts to protect intestinal epithelial cells from invasion. Data from patients and animal studies have shown that an impaired mucus barrier is closely related to the severity of UC. Depletion of the mucus barrier is not just the strongest but is also the only independent risk factor predicting relapse in patients with UC. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR?), a nuclear transcription regulator, is involved in the regulation of inflammatory cytokine expression. It is also known to promote mucus secretion under pathological conditions to expel pathogenic bacteria or toxins. More important, PPAR? has been shown to affect host-microbiota interactions by modulating the energy metabolism of colonocytes and the oxygen availability of the intestinal microbiome. It is well known that gut microbiota homeostasis is essential for butyrate generation by the commensal bacteria to supply energy resources for colonocytes. Therefore, it can be speculated that PPAR?, as a central coordinator of the mucus barrier, may be a promising target for the development of effective agents to combat UC.
Detection of Ustekinumab in Breast Milk of Nursing Mothers With Crohn Disease
Ariella Bar-Gil Shitrit, MD, Shomron Ben-Horin, MD, PhD, Tali Mishael, MD, Aviya Hoyda, Bsc, Miri Yavzori, MSc
doi : 10.1093/ibd/izaa325
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases, Volume 27, Issue 5, May 2021, Pages 742–745
Because the peak incidence of Crohn disease (CD) in women is during the reproductive period, concerns are often raised regarding the safety of drugs during pregnancy and breastfeeding. Ustekinumab (Stelara) is a monoclonal antibody against the shared p40 subunit of the proinflammatory interleukin-12 and interleukin-23. It was previously shown to be an efficacious agent in the treatment of CD and other disorders.
The Impact of Introducing Patient-Reported Inflammatory Bowel Disease Symptoms via Electronic Survey on Clinic Visit Length, Patient and Provider Satisfaction, and the Environment Microbiome
Unmesha Roy Paladhi, MPH, Ali H Harb, Scott G Daniel, PhD, Ghadeer K Dawwas, MSc, MBA, PhD, Erin M Schnellinger, MS
doi : 10.1093/ibd/izaa356
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases, Volume 27, Issue 5, May 2021, Pages 746–750
Electronic health records have the potential to improve patient care while reducing the burden of documentation on clinicians. Smartforms are tools for standardized data collection within the Epic electronic health record. We developed an inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) Smartform and tested the impact of direct patient entry of symptom data via the internet or in-office tablet computers on visit length, patient and provider satisfaction, and changes in the tablet-associated microbiome.
Postsurgical Treatment in Pediatric Patients With Crohn’s Disease: Physician Practice
Ramit Magen-Rimon, MD, Jamal Garah, MD, Irit Rosen, MD, Ron Shaoul, MD
doi : 10.1093/ibd/izaa330
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases, Volume 27, Issue 5, May 2021, Pages e51–e54
Postsurgical (PS) pediatric Crohn’s disease (CD) guidelines were published in 2017.1 Typical indications for intestinal resection include disease complications, significant growth delay, or a diseased short segment unresponsive to medical treatment.1, 2 The aim of this study was to explore the implementation of these guidelines by pediatric gastroenterologists (PGs) worldwide.
Extra-pleural Solitary Fibrous Tumor of the Pelvis in a Patient with Crohn’s Disease Under Anti-TNF: A Case Report
Kalliopi Foteinogiannopoulou, MD, Anastasia Mala, MD, Ioannis E Koutroubakis, MD, PhD
doi : 10.1093/ibd/izaa332
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases, Volume 27, Issue 5, May 2021, Pages e55–e56
Patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) have increased risk of development of both gastrointestinal and specific extraintestinal neoplasms.1 The role of therapy, especially immunosuppresants and biologics, in the development of neoplasms in IBD has been controversial.2
Congenital Chloride Diarrhea and Childhood Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Multicenter Case Series
Mohammed Hasosah, MD, Amirah Alqahtani, MD, Ali Almehaidib, MD, Mansour Qurashi, MD
doi : 10.1093/ibd/izaa333
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases, Volume 27, Issue 5, May 2021, Pages e57–e58
Congenital chloride diarrhea (CCD) is a rare autosomal recessive disease characterized by lifelong watery diarrhea of prenatal onset with a high fecal chloride concentration.1 Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), with its 3 subgroups, Crohn disease (CD), ulcerative colitis, and indeterminate colitis, is a chronic relapsing inflammatory disorder of the gastrointestinal tract.2 The association of CCD with IBD is extremely rare in adult and pediatric patients. However, Norsa et al3 showed that more than one-third of patients with CCD developed IBD without any difference between patients with CCD-associated IBD and patients with non-CCD-associated IBD
High-Dose Rescue Tofacitinib Prevented Inpatient Colectomy in Acute Severe Ulcerative Colitis Refractory to Anti-TNF
Rocio Sedano, MD, Vipul Jairath, MD, PhD
doi : 10.1093/ibd/izaa357
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases, Volume 27, Issue 5, May 2021, Pages e59–e60
Acute severe ulcerative colitis (ASUC), as defined by the Truelove-Witts criteria,1 is a medical emergency. The mainstay of treatment remains hospitalization, exclusion of infection, high-dose intravenous steroids, medical rescue with infliximab/cyclosporine in patients who do not respond, or colectomy
Small-Bowel Lymphoma Mimicking Crohn Disease: A Case Series
Rishika Chugh, MD, Paul T Kr?ner, MD, MSc, Francis A Farraye, MD, MSc, Philip M Ginsburg, MD
doi : 10.1093/ibd/izaa358
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases, Volume 27, Issue 5, May 2021, Pages e61–e62
Although there are conflicting data on the increased risk of lymphoma in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), there are confirmed reports of small-bowel lymphoma masquerading as small-bowel Crohn disease (CD).1-3 Here we present 2 additional patients with small-bowel lymphoma initially thought to have CD.
Autoimmune Hemolitic Anemia in a Boy With Inactive Ulcerative Colitis
Giovanni Di Nardo, MD, Paolo Quitadamo, MD, Mara Quatrini, MD, Francesco Malfona, MD, Maria Luisa Moleti, MD
doi : 10.1093/ibd/izaa363
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases, Volume 27, Issue 5, May 2021, Pages e63–e64
Autoimmune hemolytic anaemia (AIHA) is a blood disorder in which IgG and/or IgM bind to erythrocyte surface antigens and start their destruction.1, 2 The association between AIHA and ulcerative colitis (UC) has been sporadically described and poorly investigated, leaving many unanswered questions about the pathophysiology and the management of this extraintestinal complication.
Tofacitinib for the Treatment of Three Immune-mediated Conditions in One Patient: Ulcerative Colitis, Pyoderma Gangrenosum, and Alopecia Areata
Rocio Sedano, MD, Vipul Jairath, MD PhD
doi : 10.1093/ibd/izab005
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases, Volume 27, Issue 5, May 2021, Page e65
Inflammatory bowel disease, pyoderma gangrenosum (PG), and alopecia areata (AA) are autoimmune/immune-mediated disorders characterized by chronic inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract, neutrophil dysfunction with abnormal response to injury (pathergy), and T cell–mediated hair loss, respectively. Tofacitinib, a pan-janus kinase (JAK) inhibitor, is approved for the treatment of ulcerative colitis (UC),1 with case reports showing successful off-label use in AA2 and in patients with PG with prior failure to tumor necrosis factor (TNF) antagonists.
Commenting on the Letter (Completing the Picture in Egypt: Response to “Inflammatory Bowel Diseases in Egypt During the COVID-19 Pandemic”)
Mohamed Eltabbakh, MD, PhD, Waleed Abd Alaty, MD, PhD, Mohamed Amin Sakr, MD, PhD, Ahmed F Sherief, MD, PhD
doi : 10.1093/ibd/izab009
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases, Volume 27, Issue 5, May 2021, Page e66
We appreciate the opportunity to respond to the letter commenting on our recently published commentary “Inflammatory Bowel Diseases in Egypt During the COVID-19 Pandemic.”
