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Table of Contents
doi : 10.1016/S0015-0282(24)02269-6
Volume 122, Issue 5, November 2024, Pages A4-A8
When should assisted reproductive technology workups be performed: following a tiered approach or all on day 1?
Dominique de Ziegler M.D. a, James P. Toner M.D., Ph.D. b, Richard T. Scott Jr. M.D. c, Paul Pirtea M.D. a
doi : 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2024.04.035
Volume 122, Issue 5, November 2024, Pages 769-771
Assisted reproductive technology (ART) outcomes have made spectacular improvements in recent decades. Concurrently, several new investigations for assessing receptivity have been proposed; however, none have been proven helpful. Certain may even be harmful. Despite an absence of proven efficacy, many of these additional examinations are still too often offered
LGBTQ+ family building: progress but lots more to do
Ruben Alvero M.D. a b
doi : 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2024.09.027
Volume 122, Issue 5, November 2024, Pages 772-773
Great strides have been made in society and in reproductive endocrinology and infertility in support of lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer/questioning. Although many of the concepts used in heterosexual reproduction can be applied to the lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer/questioning plus community, there are specific differences that should be understood to provide the highest level of care to this community.
A systematic review of reproductive technologies for shared conception in same-sex female couples
Bethany Dubois B.A. a, Hajer Naveed B.A. a, Katrina S. Nietsch M.S. a, Isabelle C. Band B.A. a, Pedro Brandão M.D., Ph.D., E.F.O.G., E.F.R.M. b, Samantha L. Estevez M.D. c
doi : 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2024.09.008
Volume 122, Issue 5, November 2024, Pages 774-782
Reciprocal in vitro fertilization (IVF) and intravaginal culture (IVC) are two technologies that allow same-sex female couples to jointly contribute biologically to a pregnancy. This systematic review aimed to synthesize the clinical outcomes of each method including live birth rate, clinical pregnancy rate, embryo quality, and perinatal complications. A dual-reviewer protocol identified eight studies on reciprocal IVF and ten studies on IVC. In retrospective studies reporting on a total of 1,405 reciprocal IVF cycles, reciprocal IVF has demonstrated similar cycle and pregnancy outcomes to autologous IVF. One study that reported on pregnancy complications found a comparable rate of hypertensive disease in pregnancy between patients undergoing reciprocal IVF and intrauterine insemination. However, a lack of prospective studies on reciprocal IVF limits the generalizability of these results. Overall, small prospective and retrospective studies reporting on a total of 776 IVC cycles show that IVC offers good cycle and pregnancy outcomes, comparable to IVF. However, randomized prospective studies reported that the rate of quality embryo creation in IVC may be lower than in IVF. Although both reciprocal IVF and IVC show promise for same-sex female couples and the larger lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, intersex, asexual, and other sexual or gender minorities community, this review has highlighted the need for larger, prospective, more diverse studies on methods of shared biological contribution for family building.
Therapeutic donor insemination for LGBTQ+ families: a systematic review
Liam Kali B.A., C.M
doi : 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2024.08.347
Volume 122, Issue 5, November 2024, Pages 783-788
To identify the aspects of routine infertility care that are clinically appropriate for this unique patient population, specifically those seeking pregnancy with donor sperm. The research question was posed, “What screening and treatment protocols are supported by the evidence regarding TDI care for LGBTQ+ families?”
Confirmation and pathogenicity of small copy number variations incidentally detected via a targeted next-generation sequencing–based preimplantation genetic testing for aneuploidy platform
Amanda Iturriaga M.S. a, Emily Mounts M.S. a, Ludovica Picchetta M.S. b, Cara Vega B.S. a, Francesca Mulas Ph.D. b, Christian Simon Ottolini Ph.D. b c, Christine Whitehead R.N. d, Xin Tao Ph.D. a, Yiping Zhan Ph.D. a, Nicole Loia M.S. a, Vaidehi Jobanputra Ph.D. a e, Antonio Capalbo Ph.D. b f g, Chaim Jalas a
doi : 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2024.07.008
Volume 122, Issue 5, November 2024, Pages 789-798
To evaluate the technical accuracy, inheritance, and pathogenicity of small copy number variants (CNVs) detected by a targeted next-generation sequencing–based preimplantation genetic testing for aneuploidy (PGT-A) platform
Gamete and embryo donation guidance
The Practice Committee of the American Society for Reproductive Medicine and the Practice Committee for the Society for Assisted Reproductive Technology
doi : 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2024.06.004
Volume 122, Issue 5, November 2024, Pages 799-813
This document provides the latest recommendations for the evaluation of potential sperm, oocyte, and embryo donors, as well as their recipients, incorporating recent information about optimal screening and testing for sexually transmitted infections, genetic diseases, and psychological assessments. This revised document incorporates recent information from the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the US Food and Drug Administration, and the American Association of Tissue Banks, with which all programs offering gamete and embryo donation services must be thoroughly familiar, and replaces the document titled ”Recommendations for gamete and embryo donation: a committee opinion,” last published in 2013
Disclosure of medical errors and untoward events involving gametes and embryos: an Ethics Committee opinion
Ethics Committee of the American Society for Reproductive Medicine
doi : 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2024.06.006
Volume 122, Issue 5, November 2024, Pages 814-820
Medical providers have an ethical duty to disclose clinically significant errors involving gametes and embryos. Although not mandatory, disclosure of errors causing no harm or near misses is recommended. In addition, clinics should have written policies in place for reducing and disclosing errors
Fresh or frozen oocyte donation: is there a bad egg?
Luce A. Kassi M.D., Jennifer L. Eaton M.D., M.S.C.I.
doi : 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2024.08.338
Volume 122, Issue 5, November 2024, Pages 821-822
In the field of reproductive endocrinology, assisted reproductive technology (ART) has undeniably revolutionized modern medicine. First, the introduction of in vitro fertilization (IVF) in the 1970s provided a beacon of hope for couples struggling with infertility. Subsequently, the introduction of oocyte donation in the 1980s presented a new opportunity for family building to patients with diminished ovarian reserve, primary ovarian insufficiency, and recurrent implantation failure, as well as same-sex male couples and single men (1). In 2020, 7.4% of all IVF cycles in the United States used donor oocytes or embryos (2). Over the last several decades, there has been a notable shift in the selection of oocyte donors. Initially, donors were women who had undergone IVF themselves and were left with supernumerary oocytes at the time of retrieval (3). Today, most oocyte donors are voluntary fertile women, often motivated by altruistic reasons (3). Since 2012, the amelioration of oocyte cryopreservation techniques by vitrification significantly increased the use of frozen donor oocytes (1). Compared with fresh donor oocyte cycles, the availability of cryopreserved oocytes has reduced the financial cost and wait time for recipients, in addition to increasing the chances of identifying a donor who shares a similar ethnic background. Clinically, it has also eliminated the need for synchronization of donor and recipient cycles (1, 3)
Racial and ethnic diversity among gamete donors: an urgent unmet need
Sarah C. Cromack M.D., Susan C. Klock Ph.D.
doi : 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2024.08.311
Volume 122, Issue 5, November 2024, Pages 823-824
Racial disparities in access and outcomes of infertility care have plagued the field of reproductive endocrinology for too long. To dismantle these disparities, we must analyze their prevalence in the various aspects of reproductive care. We, thus, commend Mebane et al. (1) on their patient-centered survey evaluating racial diversity, selection satisfaction, and utilization among individuals seeking to conceive with donor gametes.
Oocyte cryopreservation: setting appropriate “eggs-pectations”
Daniela Diego M.D., Heather S. Hipp M.D.
doi : 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2024.08.336
Volume 122, Issue 5, November 2024, Pages 825-826
Until 2013, oocyte cryopreservation (OC) in the United States was considered experimental and could only be accomplished through research protocols (1). For the last decade, however, both access to and use of OC have grown substantially. In 2012, there were 2,719 OC cycles reported to Society of Assisted Reproductive Technology Clinic Outcome Reporting System. In 2022, there were 29,083 cycles (2, 3). Many patients use this technology to preserve fertility in anticipation of gonadotoxic medications for cancer treatment or other medical treatments that may negatively impact future fertility. In addition, planned OC is widely used by patients who delay childbearing for nonmedical reasons. This includes patients who are not ready to conceive or those who do not have a partner (or a partner ready to conceive). Although there has been an increase in utilization of OC over time, we have limited understanding of the outcomes when patients return to use their frozen oocytes for pregnancy (3)
Beyond the diagnosis: a call for equity in polycystic ovary syndrome fertility care across racial and socioeconomic lines
Stephanie Hallisey M.D., Lawrence Engmann M.D
doi : 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2024.08.341
Volume 122, Issue 5, November 2024, Page 827
Despite significant advancements in reproductive endocrinology and infertility over the past decade, systemic inequities continue to plague the healthcare landscape. These inequities often disproportionately affect patients from marginalized racial and socioeconomic backgrounds. Patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), one of the most common disorders impacting reproductive aged women, are no exception to this.
Male fertility restoration: in vivo and in vitro stem cell–based strategies using cryopreserved testis tissue: a scoping review
Elena von Rohden M.D. a b h, Christian Fuglesang S. Jensen M.D., Ph.D. a, Claus Yding Andersen D.M.Sc. b, Jens Sønksen M.D., Ph.D. a b, Jens Fedder M.D., Ph.D. d e, Jørgen Thorup M.D., Ph.D. b f, Dana A. Ohl M.D. g, Mikkel Fode M.D., Ph.D. a b, Eva R. Hoffmann Ph.D. b c, Linn Salto Mamsen Ph.D. h
doi : 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2024.07.010
Volume 122, Issue 5, November 2024, Pages 828-843
To investigate current evidence for male fertility restoration strategies, explore barriers to clinical implementation, and outline potential steps to overcome these barriers, a scoping review was conducted. This knowledge synthesis is particularly relevant for prepubertal male cancer survivors and boys with cryptorchidism.
Trends and outcomes of fresh and frozen donor oocyte cycles in the United States
Caroline B. Braun M.D. a, Carol E. DeSantis M.P.H. b c, Jacqueline C. Lee M.D. d, Dmitry M. Kissin M.D., M.P.H. b, Jennifer F. Kawwass M.D. d
doi : 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2024.07.004
Volume 122, Issue 5, November 2024, Pages 844-855
To examine trends, characteristics, and outcomes of donor oocyte embryo transfer cycles by original oocyte and resultant embryo state and determine whether oocyte state (fresh or frozen) is differentially associated with clinical pregnancy, live birth, and term, healthy birthweight neonates among singleton live births.
A survey study evaluating donor gamete utilization rates, patient satisfaction, and fertility treatment outcomes according to desired race and ethnicity
Sloane Mebane M.D. a, Benjamin S. Harris M.D., M.P.H. a b, Julia Woodward Ph.D. a, Amanda Brucker Ph.D. c, Alaattin Erkanli Ph.D., M.S. c, Caroline Nagle M.P.H. a, David Steele B.A. d, Shelby Neal M.D. a
doi : 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2024.06.017
Volume 122, Issue 5, November 2024, Pages 856-865
To evaluate donor gamete utilization, patient satisfaction, and fertility treatment outcomes of patients pursuing treatment with donor gametes stratified by the desired race as well as ethnicity of the gamete donor
Vitamin D levels in couples undergoing in vitro fertilization treatment: lack of association with embryo quality or pregnancy rates
Roberto de.A. Antunes M.D., M.Sc. a b, Maria do.C.B. Souza M.D., Ph.D. b, Marcelo M. Souza M.D., M.Sc. b, Gabriela P.S. Melo M.D. a, Brenda M.L. Melo M.D. a b, Ana C.A. Mancebo B.S., M.Sc b, Flavia L. Conceição M.D., Ph.D. c, Tania M. Ortiga-Carvalho B.S., Ph.D. d
doi : 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2024.06.023
Volume 122, Issue 5, November 2024, Pages 866-874
To investigate the potential impact of vitamin D (VD) serum levels on couples going through in vitro fertilization treatment in terms of embryo quality and pregnancy rates.
International Committee for Monitoring Assisted Reproductive Technology world report: assisted reproductive technology, 2015 and 2016
Markus S. Kupka M.D., Ph.D. a b, Georgina M. Chambers Ph.D. c, Silke Dyer M.D. d, Fernando Zegers-Hochschild M.D. e, Jacques de Mouzon M.D., M.P.H. f, Osamu Ishihara M.D., Ph.D. g, Manish Banker M.B.B.S., M.D. h, Seung Chik Jwa M.D., M.P.H., Ph.D. i, Bai Fu M.D., Ph.D. j, Eman Elgindy M.D., Ph.D. k, Valerie Baker M.D l, G. David Adamson M.D. m n o
doi : 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2024.07.009
Volume 122, Issue 5, November 2024, Pages 875-893
To report utilization, effectiveness, and safety of assisted reproductive technologies in 2015 and 2016.
Efficacy and safety of the combination of estetrol 15 mg/drospirenone 3 mg in a cyclic regimen for the treatment of endometriosis-associated pain and objective gynecological findings: a multicenter, placebo-controlled, double-blind, randomized study
Tasuku Harada M.D., Ph.D. a, Takao Kobayashi M.D., Ph.D. b, Akihiro Hirakawa Ph.D. c, Toshiaki Takayanagi B.M.L.S. d, Masayoshi Nogami M.Sc. d, Takayuki Mochiyama M.Pharm. d, Masashi Hirayama M.Pharm. d, Jean-Michel Foidart M.D., Ph.D. e f, Yutaka Osuga M.D., Ph.D. g
doi : 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2024.07.011
Volume 122, Issue 5, November 2024, Pages 894-901
To evaluate the efficacy and safety of 24-week cyclic administration of estetrol (E4) (15 mg)/drospirenone (DRSP) (3 mg) in Japanese patients with endometriosis.
Return rates and pregnancy outcomes after oocyte preservation for planned fertility delay: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Abirami Kirubarajan M.Sc., M.D. a b c, Priyanka Patel M.Sc., M.D. a b, Nila Thangavelu B.HSc. d, Sabrin Salim M.HSc. a, Yasaman Sadeghi M.Sc. b, Tiffany Yeretsian M.B., B.Ch. Ba.O. b, Sony Sierra M.Sc., M.D. a b
doi : 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2024.06.025
Volume 122, Issue 5, November 2024, Pages 902-917
To characterize the literature on social oocyte preservation, specifically the return rates, thaw rates, clinical pregnancy rates, and live birth rates
The correlation between menstrual characteristics and fertility in women of reproductive age: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Yingqi Cao M.M. a, Xiaoli Zhao Ph.D. a, Zhen Dou M.M. a, Zheng Gong Ph.D. a, Baojuan Wang Ph.D. a, Tian Xia Ph.D. a
doi : 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2024.06.016
Volume 122, Issue 5, November 2024, Pages 918-927
To explore the correlation between menstrual characteristics and fertility in women of reproductive age
Racial and socioeconomic disparities in fertility treatment provision for patients with polycystic ovary syndrome
Jeremy Applebaum M.D. a, Edward K. Kim M.D., M.P.H. b, Madison Sharp M.D., M.M.S a, Anuja Dokras M.D., Ph.D. c, Divya K. Shah M.D., M.M.E. c
doi : 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2024.06.014
Volume 122, Issue 5, November 2024, Pages 928-937
To assess whether the provision of fertility treatment for patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) varies by patient and physician-level demographic characteristics
Longer duration to optimal endometrial thickness in women with premature ovarian insufficiency is associated with clinical pregnancy rate in donor egg cycles
Trish Dinh M.D. a b, Qixuan Li M.Sc. c, Ella Huszti Ph.D. c, Nina Harris d, Jennia Michaeli M.D. a b, Kimberly E. Liu M.D. a b
doi : 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2024.06.019
Volume 122, Issue 5, November 2024, Pages 941-944
Patients with premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) require programmed cycles for endometrial preparation in donor egg embryo transfers (ET). Studies suggest that endometrial thickness (EMT) is correlated with pregnancy outcomes; however, these patients are at risk of thin endometrium (1). Our aim was to investigate whether patients with POI need extended endometrial stimulation and its impact on pregnancy outcomes
Feasibility and efficacy of a subcutaneous catheter for controlled ovarian stimulation
Rachel S. Mandelbaum M.D. a b, Ravi Agarwal M.D. c, Intira Sriprasert M.D., Ph.D. b, Molly M. Quinn M.D. a b, Joie Z. Guner M.D. a b, Richard J. Paulson M.D. a b
doi : 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2024.06.022
Volume 122, Issue 5, November 2024, Pages 945-947
Controlled ovarian stimulation (COS) currently requires multiple daily subcutaneous injections because the medications included in COS protocols are not orally active. Needle injections often compound the many emotional and physical stressors that patients with infertility experience, and needle- and injection-related anxiety is often underrecognized or regarded as a necessary discomfort inherent to the in vitro fertilization (IVF) treatment process
A misleading case of Müllerian anomaly: fibroid degeneration and growth involving nonfunctional, noncommunicating rudimentary horn
doi : 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2024.07.034
Volume 122, Issue 5, November 2024, Pages 948-950
To report a rare, misleading fibroid degeneration involving a nonfunctional, noncommunicating horn in a woman with a unicornuate uterus. Although the presence of a functional rudimentary horn may lead to signs and symptoms that recommend its removal, nonfunctional cases are rarely reported, and because of their apparent functional inactivity, the need for their removal has not yet been reported. No previous report showed the possibility of a degenerative process in a nonfunctional rudimentary horn causing patient discomfort
Surgical management of an ectopic pregnancy in the setting of an unexpected Müllerian anomaly: intraoperative and postoperative implications
Shelun Tsai M.D. a, Aleksandra Uzelac B.Sc., M.Sc., M.D. b, Steven R. Lindheim M.D., M.M.M. c, Nigel Pereira M.D. d e
doi : 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2024.07.036
Volume 122, Issue 5, November 2024, Pages 951-953
To describe the intraoperative and postoperative implications arising from the unexpected diagnosis of a Müllerian anomaly during the surgical management of an ectopic pregnancy
Intraoperative transvaginal ultrasound to standardize bowel endometriosis shaving
Milena Sophie Alec a, Jonas Jean Mathieu Vibert b, Fabian Grass M.D. c, Nicola Pluchino M.D., Ph.D d
doi : 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2024.07.496
Volume 122, Issue 5, November 2024, Pages 954-956
To study the use of intraoperative transvaginal ultrasound after bowel endometriosis shaving.
Seminal plasma exposure in in vitro fertilization cycles: “Dripping water hollows out stone, not through force but through persistence”
Qiaosong Han M.D. a, Jinwei Hou M.D. b, Zhengao Sun M.D., Ph.D. c
doi : 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2024.07.016
Volume 122, Issue 5, November 2024, Page 957
We were intrigued by the study by Liffner et al. (1), which demonstrated that the direct deposition of fresh seminal plasma after oocyte pickup during an in vitro fertilization (IVF) cycle did not enhance the rate of clinical pregnancy or live birth. We greatly appreciate the efforts of the investigators to examine the use of seminal plasma in IVF cycles. We would like to make a few comments regarding the manuscript and ask the investigators to comment on some of these issues. Additionally, we highlight another potential application of seminal plasma in IVF cycles: chronic and multiple exposures through sexual intercourse. We also propose several study designs to investigate this approach
Reply of the authors: Seminal plasma exposure in IVF cycles: “dripping water hollows out stone, not through force but through persistence”
Susanne Liffner M.D., Ph.D., Gunilla Sydsjö Ph.D., Elizabeth Nedstrand M.D., Ph.D
doi : 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2024.08.344
Volume 122, Issue 5, November 2024, Page 958
We appreciate the interest in our article shown by Zhengao et al (1). Intravaginal exposure to seminal plasma has been suggested to improve the implantation rate after in vitro fertilization (IVF); however, evidence has been insufficient to show an increased live birth rate (2). Our study aimed to determine such an increase, depositing the male partner’s seminal plasma intravaginally at the time of ovum pickup with live birth as the primary outcome (3). The speculated effect on pregnancy outcomes has been attributed to immunologically active molecules with the ability to change endometrial receptivity. Even if no difference was found between the saline and seminal plasma groups, it does not rule out the possibility that seminal plasma with a favorable concentration of cytokines could affect the implantation rates as well as miscarriages.
A commentary on: “Association of serum uric acid with women’s ovarian reserve: observational study and Mendelian randomization analyses”
Shichao Cui Ph.D., Li Li M.D., Xingming Zhong Ph.D
doi : 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2024.07.022
Volume 122, Issue 5, November 2024, Page 959
I am writing to provide commentary on the recent article titled “Association of serum uric acid with women’s ovarian reserve: observational study and Mendelian randomization analyses” by Wang et al. (1), published in Fertility and Sterility. The study investigated the relationship between the serum uric acid levels and various indicators of ovarian reserve through both observational and Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses, which use genetic variants as instrumental variables to determine causal relationships, minimizing confounding and reverse causation. Although the study presented a thorough analysis, several methodological concerns warrant further discussion
Reply of the authors: a commentary on: “Association of serum uric acid with women’s ovarian reserve: observational study and Mendelian randomization analyses”
Guiquan Wang M.D. a b, Haiyan Yang M.D. c, Xintong Jiang M.D. d, Weian Mao M.D. d, Ping Li M.D. a b, Xiaojing Lin M.D. c, Yan Li M.D. c, Zhenhong Ye M.D. e f g h, Yurong Zhang M.D. e f g h, Wei Chen M.D. i, Shuai Yuan M.Med.Sc. j, Yue Zhao Ph.D. e f g h, Liangshan Mu M.D. Ph.D i
doi : 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2024.07.494
Volume 122, Issue 5, November 2024, Pages 960-961
We appreciate comments on the adjustment for confounding variables. We agree that lifestyle factors, environmental exposures, diet, socioeconomic status, detailed reproductive history, and comorbidities such as polycystic ovary syndrome or endometriosis are significant factors influencing ovarian reserve markers. In our study, we adjusted for several known confounders as much as possible. However, as a retrospective study, we were unable to obtain data on all potential influencing factors. This is an inherent limitation of the retrospective study design, which prevents comprehensive i`nclusion of all possible confounders. We emphasize the transparency of our study results and suggest that future studies adopt a prospective design to more comprehensively collect and adjust for these critical confounders. This will help to better understand the relationship between serum uric acid and ovarian reserve
Endometriosis and mental health: an unresolved issue
Lia Mesquita de Abreu a, Manoel Roberto Franco Ramos Neto a, Fábio Gomes de Matos e Souza Ph.D. a b
doi : 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2024.07.028
Volume 122, Issue 5, November 2024, Page 962
The Views and Reviews piece by Zippl et al. (1) entitled “Endometriosis and mental health disorders: identification and treatment as part of a multimodal approach,” published in Fertility and Sterility (2024), volume 121, issue 6, presents a significant discourse on the association between endometriosis and mental health disorders. This review offers an interesting analysis on the importance of a multimodal approach to the treatment of patients diagnosed with the condition, emphasizing the need for holistic care. Despite the valuable insights provided, the study is subject to certain methodological limitations that warrant careful consideration
Reply of the authors: Endometriosis and mental health: nonfully resolved but needing greater awareness
Anna Lena Zippl M.D., Elisabeth Reiser M.D., Beata Eva Seeber M.D., M.S.C.E.
doi : 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2024.08.350
Volume 122, Issue 5, November 2024, Page 963
We thank Mesquita de Abreu et al. for their interest in our manuscript (1) and their comments, which we appreciate having the opportunity to address. Our narrative review, which used search terms and inclusion and exclusion criteria that were specified, because of the word limit, did not allow for data synthesis using quantitative methods or the inclusion of extensive tables and figures.
