Maternal and fetal outcome estimates (%) for women with mechanical heart valves

Anticoagulation regimen during pregnancy	Maternal outcomes		Fetal/neonatal anticoagulant-related adverse events	Livebirth rate
Anticoagulation regimen during pregnancy	Maternal mortality	Thromboembolism	Fetal/neonatal anticoagulant-related adverse events	Livebirth rate
Vitamin K antagonist (INR target 2.5 to 3.5)	0.9 (95% CI 0.1-1.6)	2.7 (95% CI 1.4-4.0)	2.0 (95% CI 0.3-3.7)*	64.5 (95% CI 48.8-80.2)
Sequential treatment	2.0 (95% CI 0.8-3.1)	5.8 (95% CI 3.8-7.7)	1.4 (95% CI 0.3-2.5)^¶	79.9 (95% CI 74.3-85.6)
LMWH only (aPTT 1.5 to 2.5 × control)	2.9 (95% CI 0.2-5.7)	8.7 (95% CI 3.9-13.4)	0	92.0 (95% CI 86.1-98.0)
UFH only	3.4 (95% CI 0-7.7)	11.2 (95% CI 2.8-19.6)	7.6 (95% CI 0.1-15.0)^¶	69.5 (95% CI 37.8-100)

Estimates are presented as proportions per 100 affected pregnancies with 95% confidence intervals.

INR: international normalized ratio; LMWH: low molecular weight heparin; aPTT: activated partial thromboplastin time; UFH: unfractionated heparin.
* Of these, 0.8% (95% CI 0.0-1.7) represent embryopathy and 2.1% (95% CI 0.1-4.1) represent fetopathy.
¶ All cases represent fetopathy.

Modified from: D'Souza R, Ostro J, Shah PS, et al. Anticoagulation for pregnant women with mechanical heart valves: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur Heart J 2017; 38(19):1509-1516, by permission of Oxford University Press on behalf of the European Society of Cardiology. Copyright © 2017 Oxford University Press.

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Maternal and fetal outcome estimates (%) for women with mechanical heart valves