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Larotrectinib: Drug information

Larotrectinib: Drug information
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For additional information see "Larotrectinib: Pediatric drug information" and "Larotrectinib: Patient drug information"

For abbreviations, symbols, and age group definitions show table
Brand Names: US
  • Vitrakvi
Brand Names: Canada
  • Vitrakvi
Pharmacologic Category
  • Antineoplastic Agent, Tropomyosin Receptor Kinase (TRK) Inhibitor;
  • Antineoplastic Agent, Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor
Dosing: Adult

Dosage guidance:

Clinical considerations: Select patients for treatment based on the presence of NTRK gene fusion in tumor specimens. Consider treatment without confirmation of NTRK rearrangements in tumor specimens in patients with secretory breast cancer or mammary analogue secretory cancer (MASC).

Solid tumors, NTRK gene fusion positive

Solid tumors, NTRK gene fusion positive: Oral: 100 mg twice daily; continue until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity (Ref).

Missed dose: Do not make up the missed dose within 6 hours of the next scheduled dose. If vomiting occurs, take the next dose at the scheduled time.

Dosage adjustment for concomitant therapy: Significant drug interactions exist, requiring dose/frequency adjustment or avoidance. Consult drug interactions database for more information.

Dosing: Kidney Impairment: Adult

No dosage adjustment necessary.

Dosing: Liver Impairment: Adult

Liver impairment prior to treatment initiation:

Mild impairment (Child-Turcotte-Pugh class A): No dosage adjustment necessary.

Moderate to severe impairment (Child-Turcotte-Pugh classes B and C): Reduce the initial larotrectinib dose by 50%.

Acute hepatotoxicity during treatment:

ALT or AST ≥5 × ULN with bilirubin ≤2 × ULN: Withhold larotrectinib until recovery to ≤ grade 1 or baseline; resume at the next lower dosage level. Permanently discontinue larotrectinib if grade 4 AST and/or ALT elevation occurs after resuming treatment.

ALT or AST >3 × ULN with bilirubin >2 × ULN (in the absence of other causes): Permanently discontinue larotrectinib.

Dosing: Adjustment for Toxicity: Adult
Recommended Larotrectinib Dosage Modification Levels for Adverse Reactions

Dosage modification

Patients with a BSA of ≥1 m2

Usual initial dose

100 mg twice daily

First dose reduction level

75 mg twice daily

Second dose reduction level

50 mg twice daily

Third dose reduction level

100 mg once daily

Permanently discontinue larotrectinib if unable to tolerate after 3 dose reductions.

Grade 3 or 4 adverse reactions: Withhold larotrectinib until adverse reaction resolves or improves to baseline or grade 1; if resolution occurs within 4 weeks, resume at the next lower dosage level. Permanently discontinue larotrectinib if the adverse reaction does not resolve within 4 weeks.

Dosing: Older Adult

Refer to adult dosing.

Dosing: Pediatric

(For additional information see "Larotrectinib: Pediatric drug information")

Dosage guidance:

Safety: Dosing presented as a fixed mg dose, and as mg/m2; use caution.

Solid tumor with presence of neurotrophic receptor tyrosine kinase gene fusion

Solid tumor (unresectable or metastatic) with presence of neurotrophic receptor tyrosine kinase (NTRK) gene fusion:

Infants, Children, and Adolescents:

BSA <1 m2: Oral: 100 mg/m2/dose twice daily; continue until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.

BSA ≥1 m2: Oral: 100 mg twice daily; continue until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.

Dosing adjustment for toxicity:

Infants, Children, and Adolescents: Oral:

Dosage Adjustments for Larotrectinib Toxicity in Infants, Children, and Adolescents

BSA

First dose reduction

Second dose reduction

Third dose reductiona

a Permanently discontinue if unable to tolerate larotrectinib after 3 dose reductions.

b Maintain dose at 25 mg/m2 twice daily even if BSA increases to ≥1 m2 during treatment.

BSA <1 m2

75 mg/m2 twice daily

50 mg/m2 twice daily

25 mg/m2 twice dailyb

BSA ≥1 m2

75 mg twice daily

50 mg twice daily

100 mg once daily

Grade 3 or 4 adverse reactions: Withhold treatment until adverse reaction resolves or improves to baseline or ≤ grade 1. Resume with appropriate dosage modification if resolution occurs within 4 weeks. Permanently discontinue if not resolved within 4 weeks or if unable to tolerate after 3 dose reductions.

Dosage adjustment for concomitant therapy: Significant drug interactions exist, requiring dose/frequency adjustment or avoidance. Consult drug interactions database for more information.

Dosing: Kidney Impairment: Pediatric

No dosage adjustment is necessary for any degree of renal impairment.

Dosing: Liver Impairment: Pediatric

Baseline hepatic impairment:

Infants, Children, and Adolescents:

Mild impairment: No dosage adjustment is necessary.

Moderate to severe impairment: Reduce initial dose by 50%.

Hepatotoxicity during treatment:

Infants, Children, and Adolescents:

ALT or AST ≥5 × ULN with bilirubin ≤2 × ULN: Withhold larotrectinib until recovery to ≤ grade 1 or baseline; resume at the next lower dosage level. Discontinue permanently if grade 4 AST and/or ALT elevation occurs after resuming larotrectinib.

Dosage Adjustments for Larotrectinib Toxicity in Infants, Children, and Adolescents

BSA

First dose reduction

Second dose reduction

Third dose reductiona

a Permanently discontinue if unable to tolerate larotrectinib after 3 dose reductions.

b Maintain dose at 25 mg/m2 twice daily even if BSA increases to ≥1 m2 during treatment.

BSA <1 m2

75 mg/m2 twice daily

50 mg/m2 twice daily

25 mg/m2 twice dailyb

BSA ≥1 m2

75 mg twice daily

50 mg twice daily

100 mg once daily

ALT or AST >3 × ULN with bilirubin >2 × ULN (in absence of other causes): Discontinue larotrectinib permanently.

Adverse Reactions

The following adverse drug reactions and incidences are derived from product labeling unless otherwise specified. Reported adverse reactions are for adult and pediatric patients.

>10%:

Cardiovascular: Edema (17%; including facial edema, genital edema)

Dermatologic: Skin rash (21%)

Endocrine & metabolic: Hypoalbuminemia (44%), hypocalcemia (32%), weight gain (17%)

Gastrointestinal: Abdominal pain (24%), constipation (27%), decreased appetite (14%), diarrhea (26%; grades 3/4: 3%), nausea (25%; grades 3/4: <1%), vomiting (30%; grades 3/4: 1%)

Genitourinary: Urinary tract infection (14%)

Hematologic & oncologic: Anemia (45%; grades 3/4: 8%), leukopenia (37%; grades 3/4: 4%), lymphocytopenia (35%; grades 3/4: 11%), neutropenia (34%; grades 3/4: 11%)

Hepatic: Increased serum alanine aminotransferase (61%), increased serum alkaline phosphatase (40%), increased serum aspartate aminotransferase (62%)

Nervous system: Cognitive dysfunction (11%; including amnesia, aphasia, confusion [2%], delirium [1%], disturbance in attention [4%], hallucination [1%], memory impairment [4%], mental status changes), dizziness (22%), fatigue (31%; including asthenia), headache (17%), mood disorder (14%; including agitation [3%], anxiety [5%], depression [3%], irritability [2%], restlessness [1%]), sleep disturbance (12%; including drowsiness [3%], insomnia [9%])

Neuromuscular & skeletal: Musculoskeletal pain (41%; including arthralgia, back pain, limb pain, myalgia)

Respiratory: Cough (29%), dyspnea (17%), nasopharyngitis (11%), upper respiratory tract infection (18%)

Miscellaneous: Fever (26%)

1% to 10%:

Neuromuscular & skeletal: Bone fracture (7%)

Respiratory: Nasal congestion (10%)

Frequency not defined: Respiratory: Pneumonia

Postmarketing: Hepatic: Hepatotoxicity, increased serum bilirubin

Contraindications

There are no contraindications listed in the manufacturer's US labeling.

Canadian labeling: Hypersensitivity to larotrectinib or any component of the formulation.

Warnings/Precautions

Concerns related to adverse effects:

• CNS effects: Cognitive impairment, mood disorders, dizziness, and sleep disturbance have been reported with larotrectinib. Approximately 40% of patients experienced CNS effects (all grades), with grade 3 to 4 events occurring in about 4% of patients. Cognitive impairment (including memory impairment, confusion, attention disturbance, delirium, hallucination, and cognitive disorder) occurred in 11% of patients; symptoms occurred at a median onset of 6 months (range: 2 days to 56 months). Grades 3 and 4 cognitive impairment requiring dose modification or interruption was reported. Mood disorders, including anxiety, depression, agitation, restlessness, and irritability, were reported in 14% of patients and occurred at a median onset of 3.3 months (range: 1 day to 65 months); grade 3 mood disorders occurred rarely. Sleep disturbances, including insomnia, somnolence, and sleep disorder, were reported in 12% of patients; grade 3 events occurred rarely. Dizziness also occurred in 22% of patients; grade 3 dizziness occurred in ~1% of patients. Caution patients about performing tasks that require mental alertness (eg, operating machinery, driving).

• Fractures: Skeletal fractures may occur with larotrectinib. The risk of skeletal fractures is increased with larotrectinib therapy; fractures occurred more frequently in pediatric patients (10%) than adults (6%) in clinical trials. Most fractures occurred with minimal or moderate trauma. Radiologic abnormalities (possibly indicative of tumor involvement at the site of fracture) were reported in some patients. Most fractures involved the rib, fibula, foot, or wrist. The median time to first fracture was 13 months (range: 27 days to 73 months). No data are available on larotrectinib effects on healing of confirmed fractures or risk of future fractures.

• Hepatotoxicity: Hepatotoxicity, including drug-induced liver injury, has been reported. Transaminase increase (of any grade) commonly occurred with larotrectinib; grades 3 and 4 AST or ALT elevations were reported. The median time to onset of AST and ALT elevation was ~2 months (range: 4 days to 3.8 years for AST elevation and 1 day to 4.9 years for ALT elevation). AST and ALT elevations leading to dose modifications and/or permanent discontinuation have occurred.

Dosage form specific issues:

• Benzyl alcohol and derivatives: Some dosage forms may contain benzyl alcohol and/or sodium benzoate/benzoic acid; benzoic acid (benzoate) is a metabolite of benzyl alcohol; large amounts of benzyl alcohol (≥99 mg/kg/day) have been associated with a potentially fatal toxicity (“gasping syndrome”) in neonates; the “gasping syndrome” consists of metabolic acidosis, respiratory distress, gasping respirations, CNS dysfunction (including convulsions, intracranial hemorrhage), hypotension, and cardiovascular collapse (AAP ["Inactive" 1997]; CDC 1982); some data suggest that benzoate displaces bilirubin from protein-binding sites (Ahlfors 2001); avoid or use dosage forms containing benzyl alcohol and/or benzyl alcohol derivative with caution in neonates. See manufacturer’s labeling.

• Propylene glycol: Some dosage forms may contain propylene glycol; large amounts are potentially toxic and have been associated hyperosmolality, lactic acidosis, seizures, and respiratory depression; use caution (AAP 1997; Zar 2007). See manufacturer's labeling.

Other warnings/precautions:

• Appropriate use: Select patients for treatment based on the presence of a NTRK gene fusion in tumor specimen(s). Consider treatment without confirmation of NTRK rearrangements in tumor specimens in patients with secretory breast cancer, mammary analogue secretory cancer (MASC), congenital mesoblastic nephroma, or infantile fibrosarcoma. Information on approved tests is available at http://www.fda.gov/companiondiagnostics.

Warnings: Additional Pediatric Considerations

Pediatric patients reported a higher incidence of pyrexia (45% vs 13%) and neutrophil count decrease (60% vs 16%) compared to adults; due to small number of patients studied, it is unknown if reported differences are due to patient age or other factors.

Some dosage forms may contain propylene glycol; in neonates, large amounts of propylene glycol delivered orally, intravenously (eg, >3,000 mg/day), or topically have been associated with potentially fatal toxicities which can include metabolic acidosis, seizures, renal failure, and CNS depression; toxicities have also been reported in children and adults including hyperosmolality, lactic acidosis, seizures, and respiratory depression; use caution (AAP 1997; Shehab 2009).

Dosage Forms: US

Excipient information presented when available (limited, particularly for generics); consult specific product labeling.

Capsule, Oral, as sulfate:

Vitrakvi: 25 mg, 100 mg

Solution, Oral, as sulfate:

Vitrakvi: 20 mg/mL (100 mL) [contains methylparaben, propylene glycol]

Vitrakvi: 20 mg/mL (50 mL) [contains sodium benzoate]

Generic Equivalent Available: US

No

Pricing: US

Capsules (Vitrakvi Oral)

25 mg (per each): $270.29

100 mg (per each): $810.89

Solution (Vitrakvi Oral)

20 mg/mL (per mL): $216.23

Disclaimer: A representative AWP (Average Wholesale Price) price or price range is provided as reference price only. A range is provided when more than one manufacturer's AWP price is available and uses the low and high price reported by the manufacturers to determine the range. The pricing data should be used for benchmarking purposes only, and as such should not be used alone to set or adjudicate any prices for reimbursement or purchasing functions or considered to be an exact price for a single product and/or manufacturer. Medi-Span expressly disclaims all warranties of any kind or nature, whether express or implied, and assumes no liability with respect to accuracy of price or price range data published in its solutions. In no event shall Medi-Span be liable for special, indirect, incidental, or consequential damages arising from use of price or price range data. Pricing data is updated monthly.

Dosage Forms: Canada

Excipient information presented when available (limited, particularly for generics); consult specific product labeling.

Capsule, Oral, as sulfate:

Vitrakvi: 25 mg, 100 mg

Solution, Oral, as sulfate:

Vitrakvi: 20 mg/mL (100 mL) [contains methylparaben, propylene glycol]

Administration: Adult

Oral: Administer with or without food. The capsules or oral solution may be used interchangeably.

Capsules: Swallow capsules whole with water; do not chew or crush capsules.

Oral solution: Use caution when measuring the oral solution; an oral syringe (provided) should be used when measuring to ensure the proper dose is administered. Clean the oral syringe following each dose. See package labeling for detailed cleaning instructions; do not boil. Each oral syringe may be used over a 7-day period; discard after 7 days of use or if oral syringe is damaged, markings are illegible, or if it becomes difficult to move the plunger.

Administration: Pediatric

Oral: Administer with or without food. If vomiting occurs after dose is administered, do not repeat dose and administer the next dose at the scheduled time.

Capsule: Swallow whole with water; do not chew or crush capsules.

Oral solution: Use the provided oral syringe to measure doses; each syringe may be used over a 7-day period; discard after 7 days of use or if damaged, markings illegible, or if it becomes difficult to move the plunger. Do not use a household teaspoon to measure dose (over- or under-dosing may occur). For infants and young children, administer the dose against the inside of the cheek. Following each dose, the syringe should be cleaned; do not boil; see package labeling for detailed cleaning instructions.

Missed dose: Do not make up the missed dose within 6 hours of the next scheduled dose.

Hazardous Drugs Handling Considerations

This medication is not on the NIOSH (2024) list; however, it may meet the criteria for a hazardous drug. Larotrectinib may cause teratogenicity.

Use appropriate precautions for receiving, handling, storage, preparation, dispensing, transporting, administration, and disposal. Follow NIOSH and USP 800 recommendations and institution-specific policies/procedures for appropriate containment strategy (NIOSH 2023; NIOSH 2024; USP-NF 2020).

Note: Facilities may perform risk assessment of some hazardous drugs to determine if appropriate for alternative handling and containment strategies (USP-NF 2020). Refer to institution-specific handling policies/procedures.

Use: Labeled Indications

Solid tumors, NTRK gene fusion positive: Treatment (as a single agent) of solid tumors that have a NTRK gene fusion (as detected by an approved test) without a known acquired resistance mutation, are metastatic or where surgical resection is likely to result in severe morbidity, and have no satisfactory alternative treatments or that have progressed following treatment in adult and pediatric patients.

Medication Safety Issues
Sound-alike/look-alike issues:

Larotrectinib may be confused with alectinib, entrectinib, lapatinib, lazertinib, lenvatinib, lonafarnib, lorlatinib, repotrectinib.

High alert medication:

The Institute for Safe Medication Practices (ISMP) includes this medication among its list of drug classes (chemotherapeutic agent, parenteral and oral) which have a heightened risk of causing significant patient harm when used in error (High-Alert Medications in Acute Care, Community/Ambulatory Care, and Long-Term Care Settings).

Metabolism/Transport Effects

Substrate of BCRP, CYP3A4 (Major), P-glycoprotein (Minor); Note: Assignment of Major/Minor substrate status based on clinically relevant drug interaction potential; Inhibits CYP3A4 (Weak);

Drug Interactions

Note: Interacting drugs may not be individually listed below if they are part of a group interaction (eg, individual drugs within “CYP3A4 Inducers [Strong]” are NOT listed). For a complete list of drug interactions by individual drug name and detailed management recommendations, use the drug interactions program by clicking on the “Launch drug interactions program” link above.

ALPRAZolam: CYP3A4 Inhibitors (Weak) may increase serum concentration of ALPRAZolam. Risk C: Monitor

Clofazimine: May increase serum concentration of CYP3A4 Substrates (High risk with Inhibitors). Risk C: Monitor

CycloSPORINE (Systemic): CYP3A4 Inhibitors (Weak) may increase serum concentration of CycloSPORINE (Systemic). Risk C: Monitor

CYP3A4 Inducers (Moderate): May decrease serum concentration of Larotrectinib. Management: Double the larotrectinib dose if used together with a moderate CYP3A4 inducer. Following discontinuation of the moderate CYP3A4 inducer, resume the previous dose of larotrectinib after a period of 3 to 5 times the inducer's half-life. Risk D: Consider Therapy Modification

CYP3A4 Inducers (Strong): May decrease serum concentration of Larotrectinib. Management: Avoid use of strong CYP3A4 inducers with larotrectinib. If this combination cannot be avoided, double the larotrectinib dose. Reduced to previous dose after stopping the inducer after a period of 3 to 5 times the inducer's half-life. Risk D: Consider Therapy Modification

CYP3A4 Inhibitors (Moderate): May increase serum concentration of Larotrectinib. Risk C: Monitor

CYP3A4 Inhibitors (Strong): May increase serum concentration of Larotrectinib. Management: Avoid use of strong CYP3A4 inhibitors with larotrectinib. If this combination cannot be avoided, reduce the larotrectinib dose by 50%. Increase to previous dose after stopping the inhibitor after a period of 3 to 5 times the inhibitor's half-life. Risk D: Consider Therapy Modification

Dofetilide: CYP3A4 Inhibitors (Weak) may increase serum concentration of Dofetilide. Risk C: Monitor

Finerenone: CYP3A4 Inhibitors (Weak) may increase serum concentration of Finerenone. Risk C: Monitor

Flibanserin: CYP3A4 Inhibitors (Weak) may increase serum concentration of Flibanserin. Risk C: Monitor

Fusidic Acid (Systemic): May increase serum concentration of CYP3A4 Substrates (High risk with Inhibitors). Management: Consider avoiding this combination if possible. If required, monitor patients closely for increased adverse effects of the CYP3A4 substrate. Risk D: Consider Therapy Modification

Grapefruit Juice: May increase serum concentration of Larotrectinib. Management: Avoid use of grapefruit juice with larotrectinib. If this combination cannot be avoided, reduce the larotrectinib dose by 50%. Following discontinuation of grapefruit juice, resume the previous dose of larotrectinib. Risk D: Consider Therapy Modification

Ixabepilone: CYP3A4 Inhibitors (Weak) may increase serum concentration of Ixabepilone. Risk C: Monitor

Lemborexant: CYP3A4 Inhibitors (Weak) may increase serum concentration of Lemborexant. Management: The maximum recommended dosage of lemborexant is 5 mg, no more than once per night, when coadministered with weak CYP3A4 inhibitors. Risk D: Consider Therapy Modification

Lomitapide: CYP3A4 Inhibitors (Weak) may increase serum concentration of Lomitapide. Management: Patients on lomitapide 5 mg/day may continue that dose. Patients taking lomitapide 10 mg/day or more should decrease the lomitapide dose by half. The lomitapide dose may then be titrated up to a max adult dose of 30 mg/day. Risk D: Consider Therapy Modification

Midazolam: CYP3A4 Inhibitors (Weak) may increase serum concentration of Midazolam. Risk C: Monitor

NiMODipine: CYP3A4 Inhibitors (Weak) may increase serum concentration of NiMODipine. Risk C: Monitor

P-glycoprotein/ABCB1 Inhibitors: May increase serum concentration of Larotrectinib. Risk C: Monitor

Pimozide: CYP3A4 Inhibitors (Weak) may increase serum concentration of Pimozide. Risk X: Avoid

Simvastatin: CYP3A4 Inhibitors (Weak) may increase serum concentration of Simvastatin. CYP3A4 Inhibitors (Weak) may increase active metabolite exposure of Simvastatin. Risk C: Monitor

Sirolimus (Conventional): CYP3A4 Inhibitors (Weak) may increase serum concentration of Sirolimus (Conventional). Risk C: Monitor

Sirolimus (Protein Bound): CYP3A4 Inhibitors (Weak) may increase serum concentration of Sirolimus (Protein Bound). Management: Reduce the dose of protein bound sirolimus to 56 mg/m2 when used concomitantly with a weak CYP3A4 inhibitor. Risk D: Consider Therapy Modification

St John's Wort: May decrease serum concentration of Larotrectinib. Management: Avoid use of St John's wort with larotrectinib. If this combination cannot be avoided, double the larotrectinib dose. Risk D: Consider Therapy Modification

Tacrolimus (Systemic): CYP3A4 Inhibitors (Weak) may increase serum concentration of Tacrolimus (Systemic). Risk C: Monitor

Triazolam: CYP3A4 Inhibitors (Weak) may increase serum concentration of Triazolam. Risk C: Monitor

Ubrogepant: CYP3A4 Inhibitors (Weak) may increase serum concentration of Ubrogepant. Management: In patients taking weak CYP3A4 inhibitors, the initial and second dose (given at least 2 hours later if needed) of ubrogepant should be limited to 50 mg. Risk D: Consider Therapy Modification

Food Interactions

Grapefruit may increase larotrectinib plasma levels. Management: Grapefruit or grapefruit juice should be avoided during therapy.

Reproductive Considerations

Pregnancy status should be evaluated prior to therapy initiation. Patients who could become pregnant should use effective contraception during therapy and for 1 week after the final larotrectinib dose. Patients with partners who could become pregnant should also use effective contraception during therapy and for 1 week after the final larotrectinib dose.

Pregnancy Considerations

Based the mechanism of action and available human and animal data, in utero exposure to larotrectinib may cause fetal harm.

Larotrectinib interferes with TRK signaling; obesity, developmental delays, cognitive impairment, insensitivity to pain, and anhidrosis have been observed in persons with congenital mutations in TRK pathway proteins.

Breastfeeding Considerations

It is not known if larotrectinib is present in breast milk.

Due to the potential for adverse events in a breastfed infant, breastfeeding is not recommended during therapy and for 1 week after the final larotrectinib dose.

Dietary Considerations

Avoid grapefruit or grapefruit juice during therapy.

Monitoring Parameters

Assess NTRK gene fusion status in tumor specimen prior to treatment initiation; consider treatment without confirmation of NTRK rearrangements in tumor specimens in patients with secretory breast cancer, mammary analogue secretory cancer (MASC), congenital mesoblastic nephroma, or infantile fibrosarcoma. Monitor LFTs (including ALT, AST, ALP, and bilirubin) prior to treatment initiation, every 2 weeks during the first 2 months of treatment, then monthly thereafter (monitor more frequently following ≥ grade 2 AST or ALT elevation), and as clinically indicated. Evaluate pregnancy status (prior to treatment in females of reproductive potential). Monitor for signs/symptoms of neurotoxicity and skeletal fractures (promptly evaluate patients with signs/symptoms of potential fracture [eg, pain, changes in mobility, deformity]). Monitor adherence.

The American Society of Clinical Oncology hepatitis B virus (HBV) screening and management provisional clinical opinion (ASCO [Hwang 2020]) recommends HBV screening with hepatitis B surface antigen, hepatitis B core antibody, total Ig or IgG, and antibody to hepatitis B surface antigen prior to beginning (or at the beginning of) systemic anticancer therapy; do not delay treatment for screening/results. Detection of chronic or past HBV infection requires a risk assessment to determine antiviral prophylaxis requirements, monitoring, and follow-up.

Mechanism of Action

Larotrectinib is a potent and highly selective small-molecule inhibitor of the 3 tropomyosin receptor kinase (TRK) proteins, TRKA, TRKB, and TRKC (Drilon 2018). TRKA, TRKB, and TRKC are encoded by neurotrophic tyrosine receptor kinase (NTRK) genes, NTRK1, NTRK2, and NTRK3. Chromosomal rearrangements involving fusions of NTRK genes may result in constitutively-activated chimeric TRK fusion proteins, acting as an oncogenic driver to promote cell proliferation and survival in tumor cell lines. Larotrectinib has anti-tumor activity in cells with constitutive activation of TRK proteins resulting from gene fusions, deletion of a protein regulatory domain, or in cells with TRK protein overexpression.

Pharmacokinetics (Adult Data Unless Noted)

Distribution: 48 L.

Protein binding: 70%; to plasma proteins.

Metabolism: Hepatic; primarily via CYP3A4; forms an O-linked glucuronide metabolite.

Bioavailability: Capsules: 34% (range: 32 to 37%).

Half-life elimination: 2.9 hours.

Time to peak: ~1 hour.

Excretion: Feces (58%; 5% unchanged); Urine (39%; 20% unchanged).

Clearance: 98 L/hour.

Pharmacokinetics: Additional Considerations (Adult Data Unless Noted)

Altered kidney function: Following oral administration of a single 100 mg larotrectinib dose in subjects with end-stage kidney disease (requiring dialysis), the larotrectinib AUC0-∞ increased 1.5-fold and Cmax increased 1.3-fold, compared to subjects with normal kidney function (CrCl ≥90 mL/minute [estimated by Cockcroft-Gault]).

Hepatic function impairment: Larotrectinib clearance is reduced in patients with moderate to severe hepatic impairment (Child-Turcotte-Pugh classes B and C). Following oral administration of a single 100 mg larotrectinib dose, the larotrectinib AUC0-∞ increased 1.3-fold in subjects with mild impairment (Child-Turcotte-Pugh class A), 2-fold in subjects with moderate impairment (Child-Turcotte-Pugh class B), and 3.2-fold in subjects with severe impairment (Child-Turcotte-Pugh class C), compared to subjects with normal hepatic function. The larotrectinib Cmax increased 1.5-fold in subjects with severe impairment, compared to subjects with normal hepatic function.

Brand Names: International
International Brand Names by Country
For country code abbreviations (show table)

  • (AR) Argentina: Vitrakvi;
  • (AT) Austria: Vitrakvi;
  • (AU) Australia: Vitrakvi;
  • (BE) Belgium: Vitrakvi;
  • (BG) Bulgaria: Vitrakvi;
  • (BR) Brazil: Vitrakvi;
  • (CH) Switzerland: Vitrakvi;
  • (CO) Colombia: Vitrakvi;
  • (CZ) Czech Republic: Vitrakvi;
  • (DE) Germany: Vitrakvi;
  • (ES) Spain: Vitrakvi;
  • (FI) Finland: Vitrakvi;
  • (FR) France: Vitrakvi;
  • (GB) United Kingdom: Vitrakvi;
  • (HK) Hong Kong: Vitrakvi;
  • (HU) Hungary: Vitrakvi;
  • (IE) Ireland: Vitrakvi;
  • (IT) Italy: Vitrakvi;
  • (JP) Japan: Vitrakvi;
  • (KR) Korea, Republic of: Vitrakvi;
  • (LT) Lithuania: Vitrakvi;
  • (LU) Luxembourg: Vitrakvi;
  • (MX) Mexico: Vitrakvi;
  • (NL) Netherlands: Vitrakvi;
  • (NO) Norway: Vitrakvi;
  • (PL) Poland: Vitrakvi;
  • (PR) Puerto Rico: Vitrakvi;
  • (PT) Portugal: Vitrakvi;
  • (RU) Russian Federation: Vitrakvi;
  • (SA) Saudi Arabia: Vitrakvi;
  • (SE) Sweden: Vitrakvi;
  • (SG) Singapore: Vitrakvi;
  • (SI) Slovenia: Vitrakvi;
  • (SK) Slovakia: Vitrakvi;
  • (TW) Taiwan: Vitrakvi
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  3. Drilon A, Laetsch TW, Kummar S, et al. Efficacy of larotrectinib in TRK fusion-positive cancers in adults and children. N Engl J Med. 2018;378(8):731-739. [PubMed 29466156]
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  5. Hong DS, DuBois SG, Kummar S, et al. Larotrectinib in patients with TRK fusion-positive solid tumours: a pooled analysis of three phase 1/2 clinical trials. Lancet Oncol. 2020;21(4):531-540. doi:10.1016/S1470-2045(19)30856-3 [PubMed 32105622]
  6. Hwang JP, Feld JJ, Hammond SP, et al. Hepatitis B virus screening and management for patients with cancer prior to therapy: ASCO provisional clinical opinion update. J Clin Oncol. 2020;38(31):3698-3715. doi:10.1200/JCO.20.01757 [PubMed 32716741]
  7. "Inactive" ingredients in pharmaceutical products: update (subject review). American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) Committee on Drugs. Pediatrics. 1997;99(2):268-278. doi:10.1542/peds.99.2.268 [PubMed 9024461]
  8. Ovesen JL, Sammons D, Connor TH, et al; US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health. NIOSH list of hazardous drugs in healthcare settings, 2024. https://doi.org/10.26616/NIOSHPUB2025103. Updated December 18, 2024. Accessed December 20, 2024.
  9. Shehab N, Lewis CL, Streetman DD, Donn SM. Exposure to the pharmaceutical excipients benzyl alcohol and propylene glycol among critically ill neonates. Pediatr Crit Care Med. 2009;10(2):256-259. [PubMed 19188870]
  10. United States Pharmacopeia. <800> Hazardous Drugs—Handling in Healthcare Settings. In: USP-NF. United States Pharmacopeia; July 1, 2020. Accessed January 16, 2025. doi:10.31003/USPNF_M7808_07_01
  11. Vitrakvi (larotrectinib) [prescribing information]. Whippany, NJ: Bayer HealthCare Pharmaceuticals Inc; April 2025.
  12. Vitrakvi (larotrectinib) [product monograph]. Mississauga, Ontario, Canada: Bayer Inc; September 2024.
  13. Zar T, Graeber C, Perazella MA. Recognition, treatment, and prevention of propylene glycol toxicity. Semin Dial. 2007;20(3):217-219. [PubMed 17555487]
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