Oral lesions in children with inflammatory bowel disease

Common oral lesions in pediatric IBD.

(A) Lip erythema with perioral edema.

(B) Cheilitis (arrowheads) and angular cheilitis (arrows).

(C) Erythema multiforme secondary to infliximab.

(D) Glossitis with fissuring (arrowheads), erythema, and edema.

(E) Lichenoid mucositis of the tongue with ulceration (arrowheads) secondary to adalimumab.

(F) Severe candidiasis with pseudomembranes (asterisks) and white papules (arrowheads).

(G) Erythema (asterisks) and multiple aphthous ulcers of the soft palate mucosa (arrowheads).

(H) Aphthous ulcer of the ventral tongue (arrowhead).

(I) Deep, linear mucosal ulceration.

(J) Erythema of the hard palate mucosa (asterisks).

(K) Cobblestoned buccal mucosa (arrowheads).

(L) Lichenoid ulcer (arrowhead) with surrounding erythema and white reticular pattern (arrows) secondary to adalimumab.

(M) Gingival erythema (arrowheads) with severe maxillary inflammation and edema (asterisks).

(N) Erythema of the non-keratinized alveolar and vestibular mucosa (arrowheads).

(O) Gingival hyperplasia (arrowheads) secondary to cyclosporine.

(P) Orofacial Crohn disease with angular cheilitis (arrows), cheilitis (asterisks), and mucogingivitis (arrowheads).

(Q) Pyostomatitis vegetans with multiple coalescing ulcers (arrowheads).

(R) Methotrexate-induced tongue ulceration (arrowhead).