Art: arterial; CPB: cardiopulmonary bypass; gm: grams; Hgb: hemoglobin; HPE: high pressure excursion; IV: intravenous; LPM: liters per minute; NMBAs: neuromuscular blocking agents; O2: oxygen; PaO2: partial pressure of arterial oxygen; PvO2: partial pressure of venous oxygen; Sat: saturation; SvO2: mixed venous hemoglobin saturation; Ven: venous.
* Refer to UpToDate content on maintenance of anesthesia during CPB.
¶ Refer to UpToDate content on weaning from CPB. Temporary weaning from CPB after resuming controlled ventilation may be an appropriate option while troubleshooting and/or replacing the oxygenator if the aortic cross-clamp has been removed, systemic temperature is >34°C, and ventricular function is adequate. Permanent weaning form CPB may be appropriate if the procedure has been completed and the patient is normothermic.
Δ Refer to UpToDate content on general management of patients undergoing cardiac surgery.
◊ The Fick equation for oxygen consumption, also known as the oxygen transfer equation, can be used to determine if problems with oxygenation are patient-related or oxygenator-related:
§ Refer to UpToDate content regarding systemic anticoagulation during CPB.
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