The pediatric difficult intravenous access (DIVA) score

Predictor variable	Scores
Vein visible after tourniquet	Visible, 0		Not visible, 2
Vein palpable after tourniquet	Palable, 0		Not palpable, 2
Age category	≥3 years old (older), 0	1 to 2 years old (toddler), 1	<1 year old (infant), 3
History of prematurity	Not premature, 0		Premature, 3

The sum of point values of the variables is the DIVA score (range, 0 to 10). Children with a DIVA score ≥4 have a predicted first-attempt success rate for peripheral IV placement of ≤50%.

Reproduced with permission from: Yen K, Riegert A, Gorelick MH. Derivation of the DIVA score: A clinical prediction rule for the identification of children with difficult intravenous access. Pediatr Emerg Care 2008; 24(3):143-7. Copyright © 2008 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. https://journals.lww.com/pec-online/pages/default.aspx.

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The pediatric difficult intravenous access (DIVA) score