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Infection prevention for persons with COVID-19 in the community

Infection prevention for persons with COVID-19 in the community
Types of precautions Duration Comments

Home isolation

(Starts with onset of symptoms; not necessary for patients with COVID-19 who are asymptomatic)		 Isolation should continue until symptoms are improving and the person has been afebrile for 24 hours without the use of fever-reducing medications.

While at home, patient and caregivers should wear masks when they are in close contact (eg, <6 feet apart).

In addition, efforts should be made to improve air quality (eg, improve ventilation, air purifier).
Additional measures that may reduce the risk of transmission:
  • Avoiding close contact
  • Masking
  • Improving air quality/ventilation
 Five days after home isolation has ended.

These additional precautions are particularly important when around individuals who are at risk for severe disease (eg, persons who are immunocompromised, those with advanced age, those with comorbid conditions such as cardiac or respiratory disease).

Some individuals with COVID-19 may opt to perform antigen testing (eg, every 48 hours) as a guide for determining when to discontinue these additional measures*.
* A negative antigen test is a marker for a low risk of infectiousness. Immunocompetent patients with COVID-19 may choose to use this approach if they need to be around moderate or severely immunocompromised persons. It may also be reasonable for immunocompromised patients with COVID-19 to use this approach given their tendency for prolonged shedding and their potential for spreading novel variants.
References:
  1. Preventing respiratory viruses. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. https://www.cdc.gov/respiratory-viruses/prevention/index.html (Accessed on March 25, 2024).
  2. Background for CDC's updated respiratory virus guidance. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. https://www.cdc.gov/respiratory-viruses/background/index.html (Accessed on March 25, 2024).
  3. Ventilation can reduce exposure to respiratory viruses in indoor spaces. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. https://www.cdc.gov/ncird/whats-new/ventilation-respiratory-viruses.html (Accessed on March 25, 2024).
  4. Respiratory virus guidance update FAQs. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. https://www.cdc.gov/respiratory-viruses/guidance/faq.html (Accessed on March 25, 2024).
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