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Characteristics suggesting a more serious diabetes‐related foot infection (DFI) and potential indications for hospitalisation

Characteristics suggesting a more serious diabetes‐related foot infection (DFI) and potential indications for hospitalisation
Findings suggesting a more serious diabetes‐related foot infection
Wound specific
Wound Penetrates to subcutaneous tissues (eg, fascia, tendon, muscle, joint, or bone)
Cellulitis Extensive (>2 cm), distant from ulceration, or rapidly progressive (including lymphangitis)
Local signs/symptoms Severe inflammation or induration, crepitus, bullae, discolouration, necrosis or gangrene, ecchymoses or petechiae, and new anaesthesia or localised pain
General
Presentation Acute onset/worsening or rapidly progressive
Systemic Fever, chills, hypotension, confusion, and volume depletion
Laboratory tests Leucocytosis highly elevated C‐reactive protein, or erythrocyte sedimentation rate, severe or worsening hyperglycemia, acidosis, new/worsening azotaemia and electrolyte abnormalities tests
Complicating features Presence of a foreign body (accidently or surgically implanted), puncture wound, deep abscess, arterial or venous insufficiency, lymphoedema, immunosuppressive illness or treatment, acute kidney injury
Failing treatment Progression while on apparently appropriate antibiotic and supportive therapy
From: Senneville É, Albalawi Z, van Asten SA, et al. IWGDF/IDSA guidelines on the diagnosis and treatment of diabetes-related foot infections (IWGDF/IDSA 2023). Diabetes Metab Res Rev 2024; 40:e3687. Copyright © The Authors. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/dmrr.3687 (Accessed April 26, 2024). Reproduced under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0.
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