CRT: cardiac resynchronization therapy; HF: heart failure; HFrEF: heart failure with reduced ejection fraction; ICD: implantable cardioverter-defibrillator; LBBB: left bundle branch block; LVEF: left ventricular ejection fraction; NYHA: New York Heart Association.
* For additional information on treatment of patients with LBBB-induced and pacemaker-associated cardiomyopathy, refer to UpToDate topics on LBBB and pacemaker complications.
¶ For information on optimal medical therapy, refer to UpToDate topics on HFrEF.