Predictors of prolonged mechanical ventilation

Risk factor	Relative contribution (%)
ICU admission due to pneumonia, ARDS, neuromuscular disease, head trauma, or postoperative intracerebral hemorrhage	44.3
Elevated Acute Physiology Score of APACHE III on the first day in the ICU	25
Admission to the ICU from another ICU, another hospital, or the medical ward	6.1
Abnormal arterial carbon dioxide, serum blood urea nitrogen, serum creatinine, arterial pH, white blood cell count, or body temperature on the first day in the ICU	4.8
Extended inpatient length of stay prior to ICU admission	4.3
Elevated respiratory rate on the first day in the ICU	3.5
Admission to a large teaching hospital	3.4
Low serum albumin on the first day in the ICU	2.9
History of obstructive or restrictive lung disease	2.4
Decreased PaO₂/FiO₂ ratio on the first day in the ICU	2
Advanced age	1.1
Critical illness polyneuropathy and peripheral muscle weakness	Unknown

APACHE: Acute Physiologic and Chronic Health Evaluation; ARDS: acute respiratory distress syndrome; FiO₂: fraction of inspired oxygen; ICU: intensive care unit; PaO₂: partial pressure of oxygen.

References:

Seneff MG, Zimmerman JE, Knaus WA, et al. Predicting the duration of mechanical ventilation. The importance of disease and patient characteristics. Chest 1996; 110:469.
Garnacho-Montero J, Amaya-Villar R, García-Garmendía JL, et al. Effect of critical illness polyneuropathy on the withdrawal from mechanical ventilation and the length of stay in septic patients. Crit Care Med 2005; 33:349.
De Jonghe B, Bastuji-Garin S, Durand MC, et al. Respiratory weakness is associated with limb weakness and delayed weaning in critical illness. Crit Care Med 2007; 35:2007.

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Predictors of prolonged mechanical ventilation