Immediate treatment of acute desaturation <90%: |
Increase FiO2 to 100% |
Resume two lung ventilation temporarily if oxygen saturation does not rapidly rise to >90% on 100% FiO2. |
Assess for treatable causes: |
Check DLT/BB positioning with a FIS. |
Suction the ventilated lung via the FIS +/– endotracheal catheter. |
Optimize cardiac output. |
Options for persistent hypoxemia |
Use recruitment maneuvers (short periods of higher airway pressure and larger TV) to re-expand alveoli. |
Increase PEEP to the ventilated lung up to 10 cmH2O to minimize atelectasis (caution in patients with COPD). |
Deliver O2 to the non-ventilated lung: - Insufflate a low flow of O2 (3 L/min) to the non-ventilated lung via a suction catheter inserted into the lumen of the DLT
- Apply O2 via continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) 5 to 10 cmH2O to the nonventilated lung
- Use high-frequency jet ventilation to the nonventilated lung as an alternative to CPAP to improve oxygenation and decrease shunt
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Use partial ventilation of operative lung: - Employ selective lobar collapse.
- Insufflate O2/CPAP selectively into the nonoperative lobe(s) of the operative lung via a BB or FIS.
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Intermittently resume two-lung ventilation as needed, although this requires interruption of the surgical procedure. |
Manually restrict pulmonary blood flow via surgical manipulation to decrease shunting through the non-ventilated lung. |
Use nebulized prostacyclin or its derivative iloprost in the ventilated lung. |