Determining the cause of new onset ascites in patients with serum-ascites albumin gradient (SAAG) <1.1 g/dL

This figure shows an approach to determining the cause of new onset ascites in patients with SAAG <1.1 g/dL. The SAAG is calculated by subtracting the ascitic fluid albumin value (in g/dL) from the serum albumin value (in g/dL). SAAG <1.1 g/dL essentially excludes portal hypertension. Further evaluation is informed by ascitic fluid tests including trigyceride level, total protein concentration, amylase, and cytology.

This figure includes multiple clinically important etiologies but does not include all possible causes. For additional details, refer to UpToDate content on evaluating ascites and managing the underlying conditions.