Complications of pulmonary AVMs in all published series 1948-1999

	Mean, percent	Range, percent
Respiratory
Asymptomatic	50	25 to 58
Dyspnea	48	27 to 71
Chest pain	14	6 to 18
Haemoptysis	11	4 to 18
Haemothorax	<1	0 to 2
Cyanosis	30	9 to 73
Clubbing	32	6 to 68
Bruit	49	25 to 58
Embolic phenomenon
Cerebral abscess	10	0 to 25
CVA or TIA	27	11 to 55

Shovlin CL, Letarte M. Hereditary haemorrhagic telangiectasia and pulmonary arteriovenous malformations: issues in clinical management and review of pathogenic mechanisms. Thorax 1999; 54:714.

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Complications of pulmonary AVMs in all published series 1948-1999