Drugs that potentiate the action of sulfonylureas

Inhibition of membrane transporters

Clarithromycin, fluoroquinolones (eg, levofloxacin), verapamil

Decreased hepatic CYP2C metabolism

Antiinfectives: Clarithromycin, fluconazole, metronidazole, isoniazid, miconazole (oral), trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (and other sulfonamide antibiotics), voriconazole

Other: Amiodarone, capecitabine, cimetidine, fluorouracil, fluvastatin, gemfibrozil (and other fibric acid derivatives), losartan, MAO inhibitors^¶, mifepristone, nicardipine, omeprazole, ticagrelor, warfarin

Intrinsic hypoglycemic activity

Alcohol, androgens (anabolic steroids), beta-blockers (variable effects), fluoroquinolones, MAO inhibitors^¶, pentamidine, quinine, salicylates*, other antihyperglycemic drugs

Decreased renal excretion

Allopurinol, probenecid, salicylates*

Masks autonomic signs of hypoglycemia

Beta-blockers

Examples of drugs that may potentiate the hypoglycemic effect of sulfonylureas. Specific interactions of sulfonylureas may be analyzed by use of the Lexi-Interact program included within UpToDate.

MAO inhibitors: Monoamine oxidase inhibitors
* Frequently encountered salicylates include: Aspirin, bismuth subsalicylate, salsalate.
¶ MAO inhibitors include: Isocarboxazid, linezolid, methylene blue, moclobemide, phenelzine, procarbazine (antineoplastic), rasagiline, selegiline, Syrian Rue (hallucinogen), tedizolid, tranylcypromine

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Drugs that potentiate the action of sulfonylureas