Features of Mansonella species causing human infection - I

Features of Mansonella species causing human infection - I

	M. streptocera	M. ozzardi	M. perstans
Geographic distribution	Western and Central Africa	Central and South America, Caribbean	Sub-Saharan and North Africa, South America
Transmission	Transmitted via bite of infected Culicoides species (midge)	Transmitted via bite of infected Culicoides species (midge) or by Simulium amazonicum (black fly)	Transmitted via bite of infected Culicoides species (various species)
Clinical features	Usually asymptomatic but can cause chronic papulonodular dermatitis, pruritis, pigmentation changes, dermal thickening, and lymphadenopathy. May be difficult to distinguish from onchocerciasis.	Usually asymptomatic but can be associated with urticaria, pruritic rash, edema, lymphadenopathy, arthralgias, fever, headache, vertigo, or pulmonary symptoms.	Usually asymptomatic but can cause transient angioedema, urticaria, and pruritus and may be difficult to distinguish from loiasis. Other manifestations include headache, arthralgias, pericarditis, pleuritis, hepatitis, meningoencephalitis, and ocular symptoms.
Site of adult parasites	Dermal layers of the trunk and upper shoulder girdle	Lymphatics and thoracic and peritoneal cavities	Pericardial, pleural and peritoneal cavities; mesenteric, perirenal, and retroperitoneal tissues
Site of microfilariae	Skin	Blood and skin	Blood

Graphic 66052 Version 6.0