Study | Rate (percent) by gestational week | Comment | ||||
22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | Total | ||
Severe intraventricular hemorrhage (≥grade 3) | ||||||
NEPS1[1] | n/a | 11 | 16 | 10 | 12 | Infants with CUS* scans at ≥3 weeks |
NEPS2[2] | 0 | 0 | 14 | 10 | 10 | CUS before hospital discharge or death |
Ishii[3] | 24 | 22 | 15 | 12 | 16 | |
EXPRESS[4] | 20* | 19 | 10 | 12 | 13 | |
Stoll[5] | 38 | 36 | 26 | 21 | 25 | Infants with CUS scans within first 28 days |
Stoll[6] | 35 | 38 | 24 | 17 | 23 | Infants with CUS scans within first 28 days |
EPIPAGE[7] | NS | 0 | 22 | 14 | 16 | |
Anderson[10] | 38 | 16 | 13 | 12 | 13 | Survival of live births to one year Based on ICD-9-CM codes
|
Periventricular leukomalacia | ||||||
NEPS1[1] | n/a | 0 | 14 | 8 | 10 | Infants with CUS¶ scans at ≥3 weeks |
NEPS2[2] | 0 | 0 | 0 | 5 | 3 | CUS before hospital discharge or death |
Ishii[3] | 2.7 | 4.1 | 3.9 | 5.4 | 4.5 | |
EXPRESS[4] | 0* | 9.4 | 6.2 | 5.4 | 6.2 | |
Stoll[5] | 6 | 4 | 3 | 4 | 4 | Infants with CUS scans within first 28 days |
Stoll[6] | 0 | 8 | 5 | 6 | 6 | Infants with CUS scans within first 28 days |
EPIPAGE[7] | NS | 2 | 2 | 3 | 2 | |
Anderson[10] | 7 | 6 | 3 | 3 | 4 | Survival of live births to one year Based on ICD-9-CM codes |
Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) | ||||||
Carlo[8] | Both medically and surgically treated NEC | |||||
ANS | 0 | 12 | 10 | 10 | 10 | ANS subgroup treated with antenatal steroids (ANS) |
No ANS | 12 | 15 | 10 | 6 | 9 | No ANS subgroup did not receive antenatal steroids |
NEPS[1] | n/a | 0 | 8.6 | 0 | 3 | Surgically treated NEC |
NEPS[2] | 0 | 17 | 6 | 9 | 8 | Bell stages II and III |
Ishii[3] | 1.4 | 6.5 | 3 | 3.7 | 4 | Both medically and surgically treated NEC |
EXPRESS[4] | 0* | 1.9 | 9.4 | 6 | 6.2 | Both medically and surgically treated NEC |
Stoll[5] | 1.7 | 8.3 | 9.2 | 6.2 | 7.6 | Surgically treated NEC |
Stoll[6] | 0 | 16 | 11 | 9 | 11 | Bell stages II and III |
EPIPAGE[7] | NS | 100 | 5 | 6 | 30 | Bell stages II and III |
Anderson[10] | 14 | 19 | 14 | 11 | 13 | Survival of live births to one year Based on ICD-9-CM codes |
Bronchopulmonary dysplasia | ||||||
Carlo[8] | Oxygen use at 36 weeks PMA | |||||
ANS | 65 | 66 | 66 | 55 | 60 | ANS sugroup treated with antenatal steroids (ANS) |
No ANS | 58 | 70 | 54 | 47 | 54 | No ANS subgroup did not receive antenatal steroids |
EPICure[9] | n/a | 86* | 77 | 70 | 73 | Oxygen use at 36 weeks PMA |
NEPS[1] | n/a | 67 | 54 | 47 | 52 | Use of oxygen or assisted ventilation at 36 weeks PMA |
NEPS2[2] | 67 | 58 | 57 | 34 | 45 | Receipt of ≥30 percent oxygen or respiratory support at 36 weeks PMA |
Ishii[3] | 21 | 30 | 38 | 34 | 33 | Receipt of ≥30 percent oxygen at 36 weeks PMA |
EXPRESS[4] | 40¶ | 26 | 31 | 29 | 41 | Receipt of ≥30 percent oxygen at 36 weeks PMA |
Stoll[5] | 85 | 73 | 69 | 55 | 63 | Oxygen use at 36 weeks PMA |
Stoll[6] | 100 | 89 | 73 | 56 | 66 | Oxygen use at 36 weeks PMA or at discharge |
EPIPAGE[7] | NS | 100 | 37 | 28 | 30 | Receipt of 30 percent oxygen and/or mechanical ventilation or continuous positive airway pressure at 36 weeks PMA |
Anderson[10] | 66 | 58 | 53 | 46 | 50 | Survival of live births to one year Based on ICD-9-CM codes |
Severe retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) | ||||||
EPICure[9] | n/a | 26* | 20 | 10 | 15 | Treated with cryotherapy or laser |
NEPS1[1] | n/a | 33 | 17 | 9 | 14 | Treated with cryotherapy |
NEPS2[2] | 0 | 33 | 34 | 19 | 25 | ROP ≥Stage 3 |
Ishii[3] | 20 | 30 | 31 | 32 | 30 | Treated with cryotherapy or laser |
EXPRESS[4] | 80¶ | 62 | 48 | 32 | 42 | ROP >Stage 2 |
Stoll[5] | 50 | 40 | 35 | 17 | 27 | Infants in hospital at 28 days requiring intervention/surgery |
Stoll[6] | 25 | 44 | 33 | 18 | 26 | Infants in hospital at 28 days with ROP ≥stage 3 |
EPIPAGE[7] | NS | 0 | 17 | 9 | 11 | ROP ≥Stage 3 |
Anderson[10] | 28 | 36 | 26 | 18 | 24 | Survival of live births to one year ROP requiring surgery, based on ICD-9-CM codes |
Late-onset infection | ||||||
Stoll[5] | 58 | 62 | 55 | 46 | 52 | Among infants who survived >3 days after birth |
Stoll[6] | 29 | 50 | 40 | 31 | 36 | Among infants who survived >3 days after birth |
NEPS2[2] | 20 | 23 | 22 | 39 | 29 | Among infants who survived >3 days after birth |
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