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What is tenosynovitis? — Tenosynovitis is the term doctors use when a tendon and the covering around it get inflamed. Tendons are strong bands of tissue that connect muscles to bones. Tenosynovitis happens most often in the hand or wrist. But it can also happen in other parts of the body, such as the ankle.
Different things can cause tenosynovitis, such as:
●Using the hand or wrist too much, or doing the same hand or wrist motion over and over
●Certain types of arthritis, like rheumatoid arthritis
●Infections – Tenosynovitis that is caused by an infection can lead to serious problems. An infection can spread to and damage nearby tissues and muscles.
Sometimes, tenosynovitis happens for no known reason.
What are the symptoms of tenosynovitis? — Symptoms can include:
●Pain when moving a joint
●Swelling of tendons or around joints
●Trouble grabbing or gripping objects (if your hand is involved)
●Trouble walking (if your ankle is involved)
Will I need tests? — Maybe. Your doctor or nurse will ask about your symptoms and do an exam. They will examine your hand and fingers carefully and see how they move and work.
Your doctor or nurse might do tests, depending on your symptoms and what's causing your tenosynovitis. Different tests can include:
●An imaging test such as an X-ray, ultrasound, or MRI scan – Imaging tests create pictures of the inside of the body.
●Blood tests
●Tests on a sample of fluid – If you have an infection and a collection of pus around your tendon, the doctor will use a needle to remove some pus. Then, they will send the sample to a lab for tests.
How is tenosynovitis treated? — Treatment depends on what's causing your tenosynovitis and your symptoms.
Tenosynovitis caused by overuse is treated with 1 or more of the following:
●Rest – Rest the painful area, and avoid using it. If tenosynovitis is in your hand, your doctor might recommend that you wear a brace or splint, or use "buddy taping." Buddy taping is when you tape a finger to the finger next to it (picture 1).
●Ice – You can put a cold gel pack, bag of ice, or bag of frozen vegetables on the painful or swollen area every 4 to 6 hours, for 15 minutes each time. If you use ice on your finger, put a towel between the ice and your finger to avoid frostbite.
●Pain-relieving medicines called "NSAIDs" – NSAIDs are a large group of medicines that includes ibuprofen (sample brand names: Advil, Motrin) and naproxen (sample brand name: Aleve).
●Stretches – After your symptoms improve, your doctor or nurse will show you stretches to help your joints move more easily.
For tenosynovitis that is caused by a type of arthritis, treating the arthritis can help improve symptoms.
Tenosynovitis that is caused by an infection is treated with:
●Surgery – During surgery, the doctor drains the pus, washes out the area around the tendon, and cuts away any dead tissue.
●Antibiotic medicines
If your symptoms don't get better or come back, your doctor might recommend:
●Getting a shot of a medicine called a steroid – Steroids help reduce inflammation.
●Surgery to cut or loosen the covering around the tendon
Patient education: Hand pain (The Basics)
Patient education: Common finger injuries (The Basics)
Patient education: Nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) (The Basics)
Patient education: de Quervain tendinopathy (The Basics)
Patient education: Nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) (Beyond the Basics)
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