Version May 2024
| Muscle* | Origin | Insertion | Main action(s) |
| Occipitofrontalis | |||
| Front belly2 | Epicranial aponeurosis | Skin and subcutaneous tissue of eyebrows and forehead | Elevates eyebrows and wrinkles skin of forehead; protracts scalp (indicating surprise or curiosity) |
| Occipital belly1 | Lateral two thirds of superior nuchal line | Epicranial aponeurosis | Retracts scalp; increasing effectiveness of frontal belly |
| Orbicularis oculi (orbital sphincter)2,3 | Medial orbital margin; medial palpebral ligament; lacrimal bone | Skin around margin of orbit; superior and inferior tarsal plates | Closes eyelids: palpebral part does so gently; orbital part tightly (winking) |
| Corrugator supercilii2 | Medial end of superciliary arch | Skin superior to middle of supraorbital margin and superciliary arch | Draws eyebrow medially and inferiorly, creating vertical wrinkles above nose (demonstrating concern or worry) |
| Procerus plus transverse part of nasalis4 | Fascia aponeurosis covering nasal bone and lateral nasal cartilage | Skin of inferior forehead, between eyebrows | Depresses medial end of eyebrow; wrinkles skin over dorsum of nose (conveying disdain or dislike) |
| Alar part of nasalis plus levator labii superioris alaeque nasii4 | Frontal process of maxilla (inferomedial margin of orbit) | Major alar cartilage | Depresses ala laterally, dilating anterior nasal aperture (ie, "flaring nostrils," as during anger or exertion) |
| Orbicularis oris (oral sphincter)4 | Medial maxilla and mandible; deep surface of peri-oral skin; angle of mouth (modiolus) | Mucous membrane of lips | Tonus closes oral fissure; phasic contraction compresses and protrudes lips (kissing) or resists distension (when blowing) |
| Levator labii superioris4 | Infra-orbital margin (maxilla) | Skin of upper lip | Part of dilators of mouth; retract (elevate) and/or evert upper lip; deepen nasolabial sulcus (showing sadness) |
| Zygomaticus minor4 | Anterior aspect, zygomatic bone | ||
| Buccinator (cheek muscle)4 | Mandible, alveolar processes of maxilla and mandible, pterygomandibular raphe | Angle of mouth (modiolus); orbicularis oris | Presses cheek against molar teeth; works with tongue to keep food between occlusal surfaces and out of oral vestibule; resists distension (when blowing) |
| Zygomaticus major4 | Lateral aspect of zygomatic bone | Angle of mouth (modiolus) | Part of dilators of mouth; elevate labial commissure—bilaterally to smile (happiness); unilaterally to sneer (disdain) |
| Levator anguli oris4 | Infra-orbital maxilla (canine fossa) | Part of dilators of mouth; widens oral fissure, as when grinning or grimacing | |
| Risorius4 | Parotid fascia and buccal skin (highly variable) | Part of dilators of mouth; depresses labial commissure bilaterally to frown (sadness) | |
| Depressor anguli oris5 | Anterolateral base of mandible | ||
| Depressor labii inferioris5 | Platysma and anterolateral body of mandible | Skin of lower lip | Part of dilators of mouth; retracts (depresses) and/or everts lower lip (pouting, sadness) |
| Mentalis5 | Body of mandible (anterior to roots of inferior incisors) | Skin of chin (mentolabial sulcus) | Elevates and protrudes lower lip; elevates skin of chin (showing doubt) |
| Platysma6 | Subcutaneous tissue of infraclavicular and supraclavicular regions | Base of mandible; skin of cheek and lower lip; angle of mouth (modiolus); orbicularis oris | Depresses mandible (against resistance); tenses skin of inferior face and neck (conveying tension and stress) |
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