ﺑﺎﺯﮔﺸﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻔﺤﻪ ﻗﺒﻠﯽ
خرید پکیج
تعداد آیتم قابل مشاهده باقیمانده : 3 مورد
نسخه الکترونیک
medimedia.ir

Prazosin: Drug information

Prazosin: Drug information
(For additional information see "Prazosin: Patient drug information" and see "Prazosin: Pediatric drug information")

For abbreviations, symbols, and age group definitions used in Lexicomp (show table)
Brand Names: US
  • Minipress
Brand Names: Canada
  • APO-Prazo;
  • Minipress;
  • TEVA-Prazosin
Pharmacologic Category
  • Alpha 1 Blocker;
  • Antihypertensive
Dosing: Adult
Hypertension, chronic

Hypertension, chronic (alternative agent):

Note: Not recommended for initial management but may be considered as additional therapy for resistant hypertension in patients who do not respond adequately to combination therapy with preferred agents (Ref).

Oral: Initial: 1 mg 2 or 3 times daily; titrate as needed based on patient response up to 20 mg/day in 2 or 3 divided doses (Ref).

PTSD-related nightmares and sleep disruption

PTSD-related nightmares and sleep disruption (off-label use):

Oral: Initial: 1 mg at bedtime; after 2 to 3 days increase dose to 2 mg at bedtime, then adjust dosage based on response and tolerability in 1 to 5 mg increments every 7 days up to a maximum of 15 mg/day. Titration as rapid as every 2 to 3 days has been evaluated (Ref). Usual dose range: 3 to 15 mg at bedtime (Ref). Civilian patients, especially females, may require lower doses (Ref).

Raynaud phenomenon

Raynaud phenomenon (alternative agent) (off-label use):

Note: Effects may be transient and may become less effective over several weeks; consider an alternative agent (Ref).

Oral: Initial: 0.5 to 1 mg once daily (at bedtime) or 0.5 mg twice daily; gradually adjust dose based on response and tolerability up 12 mg/day in 2 to 3 divided doses (Ref).

Dosage adjustment for concomitant therapy: Significant drug interactions exist, requiring dose/frequency adjustment or avoidance. Consult drug interactions database for more information.

Dosing: Kidney Impairment: Adult

The renal dosing recommendations are based upon the best available evidence and clinical expertise. Senior Editorial Team: Bruce Mueller, PharmD, FCCP, FASN, FNKF; Jason A. Roberts, PhD, BPharm (Hons), B App Sc, FSHP, FISAC; Michael Heung, MD, MS.

Altered kidney function:

eGFR ≥60 mL/minute/1.73 m2: No dosage adjustment necessary (Ref).

eGFR <60 mL/minute/1.73 m2: Although pharmacokinetic parameters are not significantly altered, BP-lowering effects may be exaggerated in patients with kidney impairment; begin at low dosages; titrate cautiously (Ref).

Hemodialysis, intermittent (thrice weekly): Unlikely to be dialyzed (highly protein bound): Although pharmacokinetic parameters are not significantly altered, BP-lowering effects may be exaggerated in patients with kidney impairment; begin at low dosages; titrate cautiously (Ref).

Peritoneal dialysis: Unlikely to be dialyzed (highly protein bound): Although pharmacokinetic parameters are not expected to be significantly altered, BP-lowering effects may be exaggerated in patients with kidney impairment; begin at low dosages; titrate cautiously (Ref).

CRRT: Although pharmacokinetic parameters are not expected to be significantly altered, BP-lowering effects may be exaggerated in patients with kidney impairment; begin at low dosages; titrate cautiously (Ref).

PIRRT (eg, sustained, low-efficiency diafiltration): Although pharmacokinetic parameters are not expected to be significantly altered, BP-lowering effects may be exaggerated in patients with kidney impairment; begin at low dosages; titrate cautiously (Ref).

Dosing: Hepatic Impairment: Adult

There are no dosage adjustments provided in the manufacturer’s labeling.

Dosing: Older Adult

Avoid use for hypertension treatment (Ref). Refer to adult dosing for other indications.

Dosing: Pediatric

(For additional information see "Prazosin: Pediatric drug information")

Hypertension

Hypertension: Limited data available:

Note: Not recommended first-line therapy; reserve for patients not responsive to therapeutic trials of 2 or more preferred agents (eg, ACE inhibitor, ARB, calcium channel blocker, or thiazide diuretic) (Ref).

Children and Adolescents: Oral: Initial: 0.05 to 0.1 mg/kg/day in divided doses every 8 hours; may titrate up to 0.5 mg/kg/day in divided doses 3 times daily; maximum daily dose: 20 mg/day (Ref).

Scorpion envenomation

Scorpion envenomation: Limited data available; multiple regimens reported:

Note: Dosing based on small studies and case series/reports that describe positive effects of prazosin in the management of the sympathetic stimulatory cardiovascular effects of scorpion envenomation, usually due to stings from non-Centruroides species typically found outside North America (eg, India [M. tamulus], Africa [L. quinquestriatus], Middle East [A. crassicauda]) (Ref). Scorpion antivenom has been used in conjunction with prazosin, and the combination was reported to be more beneficial than antivenom alone in some instances (Ref).

Weight-directed dosing: Infants ≥4 months, Children, and Adolescents: Oral: 0.03 mg/kg/dose every 3 to 6 hours; reported administration schedule for dosing interval and length of therapy are variable; in general, therapy continued until extremities were warm and dry (Ref).

Fixed dosing:

Infants >6 months and Children <12 years: Oral: 0.25 mg every 3 hours until extremities are warm and dry (Ref).

Children ≥12 years and Adolescents:

≤20 kg: Oral: 0.25 to 0.5 mg every 3 hours until extremities are warm and dry (Ref).

>20 kg: Oral: 0.25 to 1 mg every 3 hours until extremities are warm and dry (Ref).

Dosage adjustment for concomitant therapy: Significant drug interactions exist, requiring dose/frequency adjustment or avoidance. Consult drug interactions database for more information.

Dosing: Kidney Impairment: Pediatric

There are no dosage adjustments provided in the manufacturer's labeling. Based on experience in adults, initiation at lower dosages suggested; titrate cautiously (Ref).

Dosing: Hepatic Impairment: Pediatric

There are no dosage adjustments provided in the manufacturer's labeling.

Adverse Reactions (Significant): Considerations
Floppy iris syndrome

Intraoperative floppy iris syndrome (IFIS) has been reported in patients with current or prior use of alpha-1 blockers undergoing cataract surgery (Ref). Studies report significantly higher surgical complication rates for patients who experience IFIS (Ref).

Mechanism: Not completely established; may be related to a combination of the pharmacologic action (ie, inhibition of the iris dilator smooth muscle contraction) and long-term smooth muscle atrophy from accumulation in iris pigment epithelial cells (Ref).

Onset: Varied; may occur with current (within a few days to months of initiation) or prior use (years following discontinuation) (Ref). A minimum 3-month duration of alpha-1 blocker use has been proposed as a risk for IFIS (Ref).

Risk factors:

• Individual alpha-1 blocker (risk highest with tamsulosin) (Ref)

• Hypertension (Ref)

• Males (Ref)

• Older age (Ref)

• Decreased preoperative dilated pupil diameter (Ref)

Orthostatic hypotension

Prazosin is associated with orthostatic hypotension, which can manifest as dizziness and vertigo (Ref). One study suggests that orthostatic hypotension may be transient (Ref).

Mechanism: Dose-related; related to the pharmacologic action (ie, inhibition of vascular smooth muscle contraction and vasodilation) (Ref).

Onset: Varied; “first dose” orthostatic hypotension may occur 30 minutes to 3 hours after dose (Ref). However, has also occurred months after initiation (Ref).

Risk factors:

• Individual alpha-1 blocker (risk lowest with tamsulosin) (Ref)

• First dose or redose after dose interruption (Ref)

• Rapid increase in dose

• Concurrent medications that cause orthostatic hypotension (eg, antihypertensives, nitrates, phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors) (Ref)

• Females >65 years of age (Ref)

• Alcohol use (Ref)

Adverse Reactions

The following adverse drug reactions and incidences are derived from product labeling unless otherwise specified.

1% to 10%:

Cardiovascular: Edema (1% to 4%), orthostatic hypotension (1% to 4%), palpitations (5%), syncope (1% to 4%)

Dermatologic: Skin rash (1% to 4%)

Gastrointestinal: Constipation (1% to 4%), diarrhea (1% to 4%), nausea (5%), vomiting (1% to 4%), xerostomia (1% to 4%)

Genitourinary: Urinary frequency (1% to 4%)

Nervous system: Asthenia (7%), depression (1% to 4%), dizziness (10%), drowsiness (8%), fatigue (7%), headache (8%), nervousness (1% to 4%), vertigo (1% to 4%)

Ophthalmic: Blurred vision (1% to 4%), injected sclera (1% to 4%)

Respiratory: Dyspnea (1% to 4%), epistaxis (1% to 4%), nasal congestion (1% to 4%)

<1%:

Cardiovascular: Tachycardia

Dermatologic: Alopecia, diaphoresis, lichen planus, pruritus

Gastrointestinal: Abdominal distress, abdominal pain, pancreatitis

Genitourinary: Impotence, priapism, urinary incontinence

Hematologic & oncologic: Positive ANA titer

Hepatic: Abnormal hepatic function tests

Nervous system: Hallucination, paresthesia

Neuromuscular & skeletal: Arthralgia

Otic: Tinnitus

Miscellaneous: Fever

Postmarketing:

Cardiovascular: Angina pectoris (including exacerbation of angina pectoris) (Charness 1979), bradycardia (Ball 1994), flushing, vasculitis

Dermatologic: Urticaria (Ruzicka 1983)

Endocrine & metabolic: Gynecomastia

Nervous system: Insomnia, malaise, narcolepsy (exacerbation), pain

Ophthalmic: Cataract, eye pain, intraoperative floppy iris syndrome (cataract surgery) (Issa 2008), retinal pigment changes (mottled), retinopathy (serous)

Contraindications

Known sensitivity to quinazolines, prazosin, or any component of the formulation

Warnings/Precautions

Concerns related to adverse effects:

• Angina: Discontinue if symptoms of angina occur or worsen.

• CNS depression: May cause CNS depression, which may impair physical or mental abilities; patients must be cautioned about performing tasks that require mental alertness (eg, operating machinery or driving).

• Floppy iris syndrome: Intraoperative floppy iris syndrome has been observed in cataract surgery patients who were on or were previously treated with alpha1-blockers; modification to surgical technique may be necessary. There appears to be no benefit in discontinuing alpha1-blockers prior to surgery.

• Orthostatic hypotension/syncope: May cause significant orthostatic hypotension and syncope with sudden loss of consciousness, especially within 30 to 90 minutes of the first dose; anticipate a similar effect if therapy is interrupted for a few days, if dosage is rapidly increased, or if another antihypertensive drug (particularly vasodilators or a beta-blocker) or a phosphodiesterase 5 (PDE 5) inhibitor (eg, sildenafil, tadalafil, vardenafil) is introduced. Severe tachycardia (120 to 160 beats/minute) has occasionally been reported prior to a syncopal episode. Patients should be cautioned about alcohol use and performing hazardous tasks when starting new therapy or adjusting dosage upward.

• Priapism: Priapism and prolonged erections have been reported; seek immediate medical assistance for erections lasting longer than 4 hours.

Disease-related concerns:

• Heart failure: In a scientific statement from the American Heart Association, prazosin has been determined to be an agent that may exacerbate underlying myocardial dysfunction (magnitude: moderate) (AHA [Page 2016]).

• Prostate cancer: Should rule out prostatic carcinoma before beginning therapy.

Dosage Forms: US

Excipient information presented when available (limited, particularly for generics); consult specific product labeling.

Capsule, Oral:

Minipress: 1 mg, 2 mg, 5 mg

Generic: 1 mg, 2 mg, 5 mg

Generic Equivalent Available: US

Yes

Pricing: US

Capsules (Minipress Oral)

1 mg (per each): $2.78

2 mg (per each): $3.87

5 mg (per each): $6.59

Capsules (Prazosin HCl Oral)

1 mg (per each): $0.07 - $1.81

2 mg (per each): $0.10 - $2.52

5 mg (per each): $0.15 - $5.41

Disclaimer: A representative AWP (Average Wholesale Price) price or price range is provided as reference price only. A range is provided when more than one manufacturer's AWP price is available and uses the low and high price reported by the manufacturers to determine the range. The pricing data should be used for benchmarking purposes only, and as such should not be used alone to set or adjudicate any prices for reimbursement or purchasing functions or considered to be an exact price for a single product and/or manufacturer. Medi-Span expressly disclaims all warranties of any kind or nature, whether express or implied, and assumes no liability with respect to accuracy of price or price range data published in its solutions. In no event shall Medi-Span be liable for special, indirect, incidental, or consequential damages arising from use of price or price range data. Pricing data is updated monthly.

Dosage Forms: Canada

Excipient information presented when available (limited, particularly for generics); consult specific product labeling.

Tablet, Oral:

Minipress: 1 mg [contains fd&c yellow #6 (sunset yellow)]

Minipress: 2 mg, 5 mg

Generic: 1 mg, 2 mg, 5 mg

Administration: Pediatric

Oral: Administer without regard to meals at the same time each day.

Use: Labeled Indications

Hypertension, chronic: Management of hypertension. Note: Alpha blockers are not recommended as first line therapy (ACC/AHA [Whelton 2018]).

Use: Off-Label: Adult

Posttraumatic stress disorder related nightmares and sleep disruption; Raynaud phenomenon

Medication Safety Issues
Sound-alike/look-alike issues:

Prazosin may be confused with predniSONE

Older Adult: High-Risk Medication:

Beers Criteria: Prazosin is identified in the Beers Criteria as a potentially inappropriate medication for hypertension in patients 65 years and older due to its high risk of orthostatic hypotension. Avoid use for hypertension treatment (alternative agents have superior risk-benefit profiles) (Beers Criteria [AGS 2023]).

Metabolism/Transport Effects

None known.

Drug Interactions

Note: Interacting drugs may not be individually listed below if they are part of a group interaction (eg, individual drugs within “CYP3A4 Inducers [Strong]” are NOT listed). For a complete list of drug interactions by individual drug name and detailed management recommendations, use the Lexicomp drug interactions program by clicking on the “Launch drug interactions program” link above.

Alpha-/Beta-Agonists: Alpha1-Blockers may diminish the vasoconstricting effect of Alpha-/Beta-Agonists. Similarly, Alpha-/Beta-Agonists may antagonize Alpha1-Blocker vasodilation. Risk C: Monitor therapy

Alpha1-Agonists: Alpha1-Blockers may diminish the vasoconstricting effect of Alpha1-Agonists. Similarly, Alpha1-Agonists may antagonize Alpha1-Blocker vasodilation. Risk C: Monitor therapy

Alpha1-Blockers: May enhance the antihypertensive effect of other Alpha1-Blockers. Risk X: Avoid combination

Amifostine: Blood Pressure Lowering Agents may enhance the hypotensive effect of Amifostine. Management: When used at chemotherapy doses, hold blood pressure lowering medications for 24 hours before amifostine administration. If blood pressure lowering therapy cannot be held, do not administer amifostine. Use caution with radiotherapy doses of amifostine. Risk D: Consider therapy modification

Amphetamines: May diminish the antihypertensive effect of Antihypertensive Agents. Risk C: Monitor therapy

Antihypertensive Agents: May enhance the hypotensive effect of Prazosin. Risk C: Monitor therapy

Antipsychotic Agents (Second Generation [Atypical]): Blood Pressure Lowering Agents may enhance the hypotensive effect of Antipsychotic Agents (Second Generation [Atypical]). Risk C: Monitor therapy

Arginine: May enhance the hypotensive effect of Blood Pressure Lowering Agents. Risk C: Monitor therapy

Barbiturates: May enhance the hypotensive effect of Blood Pressure Lowering Agents. Risk C: Monitor therapy

Benperidol: May enhance the hypotensive effect of Blood Pressure Lowering Agents. Risk C: Monitor therapy

Brigatinib: May diminish the antihypertensive effect of Antihypertensive Agents. Brigatinib may enhance the bradycardic effect of Antihypertensive Agents. Risk C: Monitor therapy

Brimonidine (Topical): May enhance the hypotensive effect of Blood Pressure Lowering Agents. Risk C: Monitor therapy

Bromperidol: May diminish the hypotensive effect of Blood Pressure Lowering Agents. Blood Pressure Lowering Agents may enhance the hypotensive effect of Bromperidol. Risk X: Avoid combination

Dapoxetine: May enhance the orthostatic hypotensive effect of Alpha1-Blockers. Risk C: Monitor therapy

Dexmethylphenidate: May diminish the therapeutic effect of Antihypertensive Agents. Risk C: Monitor therapy

Diazoxide: May enhance the hypotensive effect of Blood Pressure Lowering Agents. Risk C: Monitor therapy

DULoxetine: Blood Pressure Lowering Agents may enhance the hypotensive effect of DULoxetine. Risk C: Monitor therapy

Flunarizine: May enhance the therapeutic effect of Antihypertensive Agents. Risk C: Monitor therapy

Herbal Products with Blood Pressure Increasing Effects: May diminish the antihypertensive effect of Antihypertensive Agents. Risk C: Monitor therapy

Herbal Products with Blood Pressure Lowering Effects: May enhance the hypotensive effect of Blood Pressure Lowering Agents. Risk C: Monitor therapy

Hypotension-Associated Agents: Blood Pressure Lowering Agents may enhance the hypotensive effect of Hypotension-Associated Agents. Risk C: Monitor therapy

Levodopa-Foslevodopa: Blood Pressure Lowering Agents may enhance the hypotensive effect of Levodopa-Foslevodopa. Risk C: Monitor therapy

Loop Diuretics: May enhance the hypotensive effect of Antihypertensive Agents. Risk C: Monitor therapy

Lormetazepam: May enhance the hypotensive effect of Blood Pressure Lowering Agents. Risk C: Monitor therapy

Methylphenidate: May diminish the antihypertensive effect of Antihypertensive Agents. Risk C: Monitor therapy

Molsidomine: May enhance the hypotensive effect of Blood Pressure Lowering Agents. Risk C: Monitor therapy

Nicorandil: May enhance the hypotensive effect of Blood Pressure Lowering Agents. Risk C: Monitor therapy

Nitroprusside: Blood Pressure Lowering Agents may enhance the hypotensive effect of Nitroprusside. Risk C: Monitor therapy

Obinutuzumab: May enhance the hypotensive effect of Blood Pressure Lowering Agents. Management: Consider temporarily withholding blood pressure lowering medications beginning 12 hours prior to obinutuzumab infusion and continuing until 1 hour after the end of the infusion. Risk D: Consider therapy modification

Pentoxifylline: May enhance the hypotensive effect of Blood Pressure Lowering Agents. Risk C: Monitor therapy

Pholcodine: Blood Pressure Lowering Agents may enhance the hypotensive effect of Pholcodine. Risk C: Monitor therapy

Phosphodiesterase 5 Inhibitors: May enhance the hypotensive effect of Alpha1-Blockers (Nonselective). Management: Ensure patient is stable on one agent prior to initiating the other, and always initiate combination using the lowest possible dose of the drug being added. When tadalafil is used for treatment of BPH, concurrent alpha 1-blockers are not recommended. Risk D: Consider therapy modification

Prostacyclin Analogues: May enhance the hypotensive effect of Blood Pressure Lowering Agents. Risk C: Monitor therapy

Quinagolide: May enhance the hypotensive effect of Blood Pressure Lowering Agents. Risk C: Monitor therapy

Rilmenidine: Alpha1-Blockers may enhance the hypotensive effect of Rilmenidine. Risk C: Monitor therapy

Food Interactions

Food has variable effects on absorption. Management: Administer without regard to food.

Reproductive Considerations

Medications considered acceptable for the treatment of chronic hypertension during pregnancy may generally be continued in patients trying to conceive. Prazosin is not considered a preferred agent for use in pregnant patients; consider transitioning to a preferred agent in patients planning to become pregnant (ACC/AHA [Whelton 2018]; ACOG 2019; NICE 2019).

Pregnancy Considerations

Prazosin crosses the placenta (Bourget 1995).

Chronic maternal hypertension is associated with adverse events in the fetus/infant. Chronic maternal hypertension may increase the risk of birth defects, low birth weight, premature delivery, stillbirth, and neonatal death. Actual fetal/neonatal risks may be related to the duration and severity of maternal hypertension. Untreated chronic hypertension may also increase the risks of adverse maternal outcomes, including gestational diabetes, preeclampsia, delivery complications, stroke, and myocardial infarction (ACOG 2019).

Due to pregnancy-induced physiologic changes, some pharmacokinetic properties of prazosin may be altered (Bourget 1995; Rubin 1983).

Patients with preexisting hypertension may continue their medication during pregnancy unless contraindications exist (ESC [Regitz-Zagrosek 2018]). When treatment of chronic hypertension during pregnancy is initiated during pregnancy, agents other than prazosin may be preferred (ACOG 2019; ESC [Cífková 2020]; ESC [Regitz-Zagrosek 2018]; SOGC [Magee 2022]); if needed, use of prazosin should be considered in consult with subspecialists (ACOG 2019).

Untreated hypertension due to a pheochromocytoma during pregnancy is associated with a high rate of maternal and fetal mortality therefore treatment is recommended (ESC [Cífková 2020]). Case reports describe the use of prazosin as part of combination therapy for the treatment of hypertension due to pheochromocytoma in pregnant patients (Agrawal 2022). Prazosin may be an alternative option for the treatment of hypertension due to pheochromocytoma during pregnancy (Pacu 2021).

Breastfeeding Considerations

Prazosin is present in breast milk.

The manufacturer recommends that caution be exercised when administering prazosin to lactating patients.

Monitoring Parameters

Blood pressure.

Mechanism of Action

Competitively inhibits postsynaptic alpha-adrenergic receptors which results in vasodilation of veins and arterioles and a decrease in total peripheral resistance and blood pressure

Pharmacokinetics (Adult Data Unless Noted)

Onset of action: Antihypertensive: Within 2 hours; Peak effect: 2 to 4 hours

Duration of action: 10 to 24 hours

Distribution: Vd: 0.5 L/kg

Protein binding: Highly bound (97%)

Metabolism: Extensively hepatic via demethylation and conjugation

Bioavailability: 43% to 82%

Half-life elimination: 2 to 3 hours, prolonged with CHF

Time to peak, plasma: ~3 hours

Excretion: Feces; urine (6% to 10% as unchanged drug)

Brand Names: International
International Brand Names by Country
For country code abbreviations (show table)

  • (AE) United Arab Emirates: Apo prazo | Minipress;
  • (AR) Argentina: Decliten | Minipres;
  • (AT) Austria: Minipress;
  • (AU) Australia: Cm prazosin | Dbl prazosin | GenRx Prazosin | Minipress | Prasig | Pratsiol | Prazohexal | Prazosin | Prazosin-bc | Pressin | Tw prazosin;
  • (BD) Bangladesh: Alphapress | Prazolok | Prazopress;
  • (BE) Belgium: Minipress;
  • (BG) Bulgaria: Prazosin;
  • (BR) Brazil: Minipress;
  • (CH) Switzerland: Minipress;
  • (CI) Côte d'Ivoire: Minipress;
  • (CN) China: Prazosin;
  • (CO) Colombia: Minipres | Praten | Prazosina;
  • (CZ) Czech Republic: Adversuten | Deprazolin | Minipress;
  • (DE) Germany: Adversuten | Duramipress | Eurex | Minipres | Minipress | Prazosin | Prazosin Atid;
  • (EC) Ecuador: Decliten | Minipres;
  • (EE) Estonia: Adversuten | Minipres | Minipress | Pratsiol | Prazosin | Prazosin Heumann;
  • (EG) Egypt: Minipress;
  • (ES) Spain: Minipres;
  • (FI) Finland: Patsolin | Peripress | Pratsiol | Prazocor;
  • (FR) France: Minipress | Prazosine Dci;
  • (GB) United Kingdom: Alphavase | Hypovase | Prazosin | Prazosin cox | Prazosin kent | Sinetens;
  • (GR) Greece: Minipress;
  • (HK) Hong Kong: Apo prazo | Cp-Prazo | Hyprosin | Minipress | Pratsiol | Prazon plus | Prazosin;
  • (HU) Hungary: Huma-prazin | Minipress;
  • (ID) Indonesia: Minipress | Prazosin | Rexibet;
  • (IE) Ireland: Hypovase;
  • (IL) Israel: Hypotens;
  • (IN) India: Cyber | Minipress xl | Prazocip | Prazocip-xl | Prazonic xl | Prazopress | Prazothem | Prazothem er | Prozoten | Renopress | Renopress xl | Unipraz;
  • (JP) Japan: Coltock | Daldanon | Daldanon choseido | Downat | Downat taiyo | Downpress zensei | Enzosine | Fellhye | Flaboido | Isepress isei | Isepress teisan | Kachilet | Metrasen | Minipress | Mizpiron | Neprozon | Queenpress | Sedaxin | Stroken | Trabuzon;
  • (KR) Korea, Republic of: Minecin | Minesin | Minipress | Prazosin;
  • (KW) Kuwait: Minipress;
  • (LB) Lebanon: Minipress;
  • (LT) Lithuania: Adversuten | Apo prazo | Deprazolin | Minipress | Polpressin | Pratsiol | Prazosin;
  • (LU) Luxembourg: Minipress;
  • (LV) Latvia: Adversuten | Deprazolin | Minipress | Polpressin | Pratsiol | Prazosin;
  • (MX) Mexico: Aponazo | Lesaprin | Minipres | Minipress | Ozpre | Prabioquim;
  • (MY) Malaysia: Atodel | Lopresin | Minipress | Minison | Mizosin | Prazosin | Prazosin Hexal | Prazotab;
  • (NL) Netherlands: Minipres | Minipress | Prazosine;
  • (NO) Norway: Apo prazo | Hypovase | Minipress | Pratsiol | Prazosin hcl teva;
  • (NZ) New Zealand: Apo prazosin | Hyprosin | Pratsiol;
  • (PH) Philippines: Minipress;
  • (PK) Pakistan: Minipress;
  • (PL) Poland: Adversuten | Deprazolin | Eurex | Minipress | Polpressin;
  • (PR) Puerto Rico: Minipress | Prazosin | Prazosin HCL;
  • (PT) Portugal: Prazosina;
  • (QA) Qatar: Atodel;
  • (RO) Romania: Adversuten | Hypotens | Minipress;
  • (RU) Russian Federation: Adversuten | Minipress | Polpressin | Prazosin | Prazozinbene;
  • (SA) Saudi Arabia: Minipress;
  • (SG) Singapore: Apo prazo | Atodel | Minipress | Mizosin | Pratsiol;
  • (SI) Slovenia: Vasoflex;
  • (SK) Slovakia: Deprazolin;
  • (TH) Thailand: Apo prazo | Atodel | Bypress | Hypopress | Hyposin | Lopress | Minipress | Mysial | Parabowl | Polypress | Prapress | Pratsiol | Prazomed | Prazopress | Prazosin | Pressin | Simpress;
  • (TN) Tunisia: Minipress;
  • (TR) Turkey: Minipress;
  • (TW) Taiwan: Damin | Hyprosin | Minipress | Minison | Nilpress | Pratsiol;
  • (UA) Ukraine: Prazosin Ratiopharm;
  • (UY) Uruguay: Minipres;
  • (VE) Venezuela, Bolivarian Republic of: Minpres;
  • (ZA) South Africa: Minipress | Pratsiol;
  • (ZM) Zambia: Prozotab;
  • (ZW) Zimbabwe: Variprex
  1. 2023 American Geriatrics Society Beers Criteria Update Expert Panel. American Geriatrics Society 2023 updated AGS Beers Criteria for potentially inappropriate medication use in older adults. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2023;71(7):2052-2081. doi:10.1111/jgs.18372 [PubMed 37139824]
  2. Abdel-Aziz S, Mamalis N. Intraoperative floppy iris syndrome. Curr Opin Ophthalmol. 2009;20(1):37-41. doi:10.1097/ICU.0b013e32831bc0ad [PubMed 19077827]
  3. Abdel Baseer KA, Aboelela MG, Qubaisy HM. Echocardiographic evaluation of the response to prazosin treatment in scorpion sting. J Trop Pediatr. 2021;67(3):fmaa063. doi:10.1093/tropej/fmaa063 [PubMed 33005956]
  4. Agrawal K, Walia R, Singh Jayant S, et al. Pheochromocytoma in pregnancy: a syndromic association. J Obstet Gynaecol India. 2022;72(Suppl 1):48-54. doi:10.1007/s13224-021-01532-8 [PubMed 35928058]
  5. American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG). ACOG practice bulletin no. 203: chronic hypertension in pregnancy. Obstet Gynecol. 2019;133(1):e26-e50. doi:10.1097/AOG.0000000000003020 [PubMed 30575676]
  6. Aronoff GR, Bennett WM, Berns JS, et al. Drug Prescribing in Renal Failure: Dosing Guidelines for Adults and Children. 5th ed. Philadelphia, PA: American College of Physicians; 2007.
  7. Ball J. Symptomatic sinus bradycardia due to prazosin. Lancet. 1994;343(8889):121. doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(94)90853-2 [PubMed 7903757]
  8. Bandelow B, Allgulander C, Baldwin DS, et al. World Federation of Societies of Biological Psychiatry (WFSBP) guidelines for treatment of anxiety, obsessive-compulsive and posttraumatic stress disorders - version 3. Part II: OCD and PTSD. World J Biol Psychiatry. 2023;24(2):118-134. doi:10.1080/15622975.2022.2086296 [PubMed 35900217]
  9. Bawaskar HS, Bawaskar PH. Efficacy and safety of scorpion antivenom plus prazosin compared with prazosin alone for venomous scorpion (Mesobuthus tamulus) sting: randomised open label clinical trial. BMJ. 2011;342:c7136. doi:10.1136/bmj.c7136 [PubMed 21209062]
  10. Benedek DM, Friedman MJ, Zatzick D, et al. “Guideline Watch (March 2009): Practice Guideline for the Treatment of Patients With Acute Stress Disorder and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder.”
  11. Bosnak M, Levent Yilmaz H, Ece A, et al. Severe scorpion envenomation in children: Management in pediatric intensive care unit. Hum Exp Toxicol. 2009;28(11):721-728. doi:10.1177/0960327109350667 [PubMed 19812121]
  12. Bourget P, Fernandez H, Edouard D, et al. Disposition of a new rate-controlled formulation of prazosin in the treatment of hypertension during pregnancy: transplacental passage of prazosin. Eur J Drug Metab Pharmacokinet. 1995;20(3):233-241. doi:10.1007/BF03189675 [PubMed 8751046]
  13. Chang DF, Campbell JR. Intraoperative floppy iris syndrome associated with tamsulosin. J Cataract Refract Surg. 2005;31(4):664-673. doi:10.1016/j.jcrs.2005.02.027 [PubMed 15899440]
  14. Chatziralli IP, Sergentanis TN. Risk factors for intraoperative floppy iris syndrome: a meta-analysis. Ophthalmology. 2011;118(4):730-735. doi:10.1016/j.ophtha.2010.08.039 [PubMed 21168223]
  15. Charness ME, Fishman JA, Robertson D. Exacerbation of angina pectoris by prazosin. South Med J. 1979;72(9):1213-1214. doi:10.1097/00007611-197909000-00040 [PubMed 472855]
  16. Cheung CM, Awan MA, Sandramouli S. Prevalence and clinical findings of tamsulosin-associated intraoperative floppy-iris syndrome. J Cataract Refract Surg. 2006;32(8):1336-1339. doi:10.1016/j.jcrs.2006.03.034 [PubMed 16863971]
  17. Christou CD, Tsinopoulos I, Ziakas N, Tzamalis A. Intraoperative floppy iris syndrome: Updated perspectives. Clin Ophthalmol. 2020;14:463-471. doi:10.2147/OPTH.S221094 [PubMed 32109982]
  18. Cífková R, Johnson MR, Kahan T, et al. Peripartum management of hypertension: a position paper of the ESC Council on Hypertension and the European Society of Hypertension. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Pharmacother. 2020;6(6):384-393. doi:10.1093/ehjcvp/pvz082 [PubMed 31841131]
  19. Dhingra N, Rajkumar KN, Kumar V. Intraoperative floppy iris syndrome with doxazosin. Eye (Lond). 2007;21(5):678-679. doi:10.1038/sj.eye.6702680 [PubMed 17318207]
  20. Djavan B, Marberger M. A meta-analysis on the efficacy and tolerability of alpha1-adrenoceptor antagonists in patients with lower urinary tract symptoms suggestive of benign prostatic obstruction. Eur Urol. 1999;36(1):1-13. doi:10.1159/000019919 [PubMed 10364649]
  21. Expert opinion. Senior Renal Editorial Team: Bruce Mueller, PharmD, FCCP, FASN, FNKF; Jason A. Roberts, PhD, BPharm (Hons), B App Sc, FSHP, FISAC; Michael Heung, MD, MS.
  22. Flynn JT, Kaelber DC, Baker-Smith CM, et al. Clinical practice guideline for screening and management of high blood pressure in children and adolescents. Pediatrics. 2017;140(3). pii: e20171904. doi:10.1542/peds.2017-1904. [PubMed 28827377]
  23. Go AS, Bauman MA, Coleman King SM, et al; American Heart Association; American College of Cardiology; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. An effective approach to high blood pressure control: a science advisory from the American Heart Association, the American College of Cardiology, and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Hypertension. 2014;63(4):878-885. doi:10.1161/HYP.0000000000000003 [PubMed 24243703]
  24. Gupta BD, Parakh M, Purohit A. Management of scorpion sting: prazosin or dobutamine. J Trop Pediatr. 2010;56(2):115-118. doi:10.1093/tropej/fmp070 [PubMed 19710245]
  25. Hiremath S, Ruzicka M, Petrcich W, et al. Alpha-blocker use and the risk of hypotension and hypotension-related clinical events in women of advanced age. Hypertension. 2019;74(3):645-651. doi:10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.119.13289 [PubMed 31327266]
  26. Isbister GK, Bawaskar HS. Scorpion envenomation. N Engl J Med. 2014;371(5):457-463. doi:10.1056/NEJMra1401108 [PubMed 25075837]
  27. Issa SA, Hadid OH, Baylis O, Dayan M. Alpha antagonists and intraoperative floppy iris syndrome: A spectrum. Clin Ophthalmol. 2008;2(4):735-741. doi:10.2147/opth.s2697 [PubMed 19668424]
  28. James PA, Oparil S, Carter BL, et al. 2014 evidence-based guideline for the management of high blood pressure in adults: report from the panel members appointed to the Eighth Joint National Committee (JNC 8) [published correction appearing in JAMA. 2014 May 7;311(17):1809]. JAMA. 2014;5;311(5):507-520. doi:10.1001/jama.2013.284427 [PubMed 24352797]
  29. Kumar CM, Prasad SV. Echocardiologic evaluation and follow-up of cardiovascular complications in children with scorpion sting in coastal South India. Indian J Crit Care Med. 2015;19(1):42-46. doi:10.4103/0972-5229.148645 [PubMed 25624650]
  30. Lameire N, Gordts J. A pharmacokinetic study of prazosin in patients with varying degrees of chronic renal failure. Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 1986;31(3):333-337. doi:10.1007/BF00981133 [PubMed 3792430]
  31. Lerner LB, McVary KT, Barry MJ, et al. Management of lower urinary tract symptoms attributed to benign prostatic hyperplasia: AUA guideline part I—initial work-up and medical management. J Urol. 2021;206(4):806-817. doi:10.1097/JU.0000000000002183 [PubMed 34384237]
  32. Lowenthal DT, Hobbs D, Affrime MB, Twomey TM, Martinez EW, Onesti G. Prazosin kinetics and effectiveness in renal failure. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 1980;27(6):779-783. doi:10.1038/clpt.1980.110 [PubMed 7379445]
  33. Lunacek A, Mohamad Al-Ali B, Radmayr C, et al. Ten years of intraoperative floppy iris syndrome in the era of α-blockers. Cent European J Urol. 2018;71(1):98-104. doi:10.5173/ceju.2017.1234 [PubMed 29732214]
  34. Magee LA, Smith GN, Bloch C, et al. Guideline no. 426: hypertensive disorders of pregnancy: diagnosis, prediction, prevention, and management. J Obstet Gynaecol Can. 2022;44(5):547-571.e1. doi:10.1016/j.jogc.2022.03.002 [PubMed 35577426]
  35. Major cardiovascular events in hypertensive patients randomized to doxazosin vs chlorthalidone: the antihypertensive and lipid-lowering treatment to prevent heart attack trial (ALLHAT). ALLHAT Collaborative Research Group [published correction appearing in JAMA. 2002;288(23):2976]. JAMA. 2000;283(15):1967-1975. [PubMed 10789664]
  36. McVary KT, Roehrborn CG, Avins AL, et al. Update on AUA guideline on the management of benign prostatic hyperplasia. J Urol. 2011;185(5):1793-1803. doi:10.1016/j.juro.2011.01.074 [PubMed 21420124]
  37. Minipress (prazosin) [prescribing information]. New York, NY: Pfizer Labs; February 2015.
  38. Morgenthaler TI, Auerbach S, Casey KR, et al. Position paper for the treatment of nightmare disorder in adults: an American Academy of Sleep Medicine position paper. J Clin Sleep Med. 2018;14(6):1041-1055. doi:10.5664/jcsm.7178 [PubMed 29852917]
  39. National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute. Expert Panel on Integrated Guidelines for Cardiovascular Health and Risk Reduction in Children and Adolescents. Clinical Practice Guidelines, 2011, National Institutes of Health. Accessed March 16, 2012. http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/guidelines/cvd_ped/peds_guidelines_full.pdf.
  40. National High Blood Pressure Education Program Working Group on High Blood Pressure in Children and Adolescents. The fourth report on the diagnosis, evaluation, and treatment of high blood pressure in children and adolescents. Pediatrics. 2004;114(2 Suppl 4th Report):555-576. [PubMed 15286277]
  41. National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) guideline. Hypertension in pregnancy: diagnosis and management. www.nice.org.uk/guidance/ng133. Published June 25, 2019. Accessed December 1, 2022.
  42. Natu VS, Kamerkar SB, Geeta K, et al. Efficacy of anti-scorpion venom serum over prazosin in the management of severe scorpion envenomation. J Postgrad Med. 2010;56(4):275-280. doi:10.4103/0022-3859.70938 [PubMed 20935398]
  43. Nielsen SL, Vitting K, Rasmussen K. Prazosin treatment of primary Raynaud's phenomenon. Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 1983;24(3):421-423. doi:10.1007/BF00610065 [PubMed 6345178]
  44. Oelke M, Gericke A, Michel MC. Cardiovascular and ocular safety of α1-adrenoceptor antagonists in the treatment of male lower urinary tract symptoms. Expert Opin Drug Saf. 2014;13(9):1187-97. doi:10.1517/14740338.2014.936376 [PubMed 25073735]
  45. Pacu I, Zygouropoulos N, Furau CG, et al. Pheochromocytoma as a rare hypertensive complication rarely associated with pregnancy: diagnostic difficulties (review). Exp Ther Med. 2021;22(5):1345. doi:10.3892/etm.2021.10780 [PubMed 34630699]
  46. Page RL 2nd, O'Bryant CL, Cheng D, et al; American Heart Association Clinical Pharmacology and Heart Failure and Transplantation Committees of the Council on Clinical Cardiology; Council on Cardiovascular Surgery and Anesthesia; Council on Cardiovascular and Stroke Nursing; and Council on Quality of Care and Outcomes Research. Drugs That May Cause or Exacerbate Heart Failure: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association [published correction appears in Circulation. 2016;134(12):e261]. Circulation. 2016;134(6):e32-e69. doi:10.1161/CIR.0000000000000426 [PubMed 27400984]
  47. Pandi K, Krishnamurthy S, Srinivasaraghavan R, Mahadevan S. Efficacy of scorpion antivenom plus prazosin versus prazosin alone for Mesobuthus tamulus scorpion sting envenomation in children: a randomised controlled trial. Arch Dis Child. 2014;99(6):575-580. doi:10.1136/archdischild-2013-305483 [PubMed 24550184]
  48. Paśko P, Rodacki T, Domagała-Rodacka R, Owczarek D. Interactions between medications employed in treating benign prostatic hyperplasia and food - A short review. Biomed Pharmacother. 2016;83:1141-1145. doi:10.1016/j.biopha.2016.08.021 [PubMed 27551761]
  49. Peskind ER, Bonner LT, Hoff DJ, Raskind MA. Prazosin reduces trauma-related nightmares in older men with chronic posttraumatic stress disorder. J Geriatr Psychiatry Neurol. 2003;16(3):165-171. doi:10.1177/0891988703256050 [PubMed 12967060]
  50. Prazosin capsules [prescribing information]. Morgantown, WV: Mylan Pharmaceuticals Inc.; November 2016.
  51. Regitz-Zagrosek V, Roos-Hesselink JW, Bauersachs J, et al. 2018 ESC Guidelines for the management of cardiovascular diseases during pregnancy. Eur Heart J. 2018;39(34):3165-3241. doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehy340 [PubMed 30165544]
  52. Rieckert H. Orthostatic hypotension: how to avoid it during antihypertensive therapy. Am J Hypertens. 1996;9(11):155S-159S. doi:10.1016/0895-7061(96)00291-9 [PubMed 8931848]
  53. Rodrigo C, Gnanathasan A. Management of scorpion envenoming: a systematic review and meta-analysis of controlled clinical trials. Syst Rev. 2017;6(1):74. doi:10.1186/s13643-017-0469-8 [PubMed 28390429]
  54. Rubin PC, Butters L, Low RA, Reid JL. Clinical pharmacological studies with prazosin during pregnancy complicated by hypertension. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 1983;16(5):543-547. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2125.1983.tb02213.x [PubMed 6639840]
  55. Ruzicka T, Ring J. Hypersensitivity to prazosin. Lancet. 1983;1(8322):473-474. doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(83)91469-1 [PubMed 6131190]
  56. Russell IJ, Lessard JA. Prazosin treatment of Raynaud's phenomenon: a double blind single crossover study. J Rheumatol. 1985;12(1):94-98. [PubMed 3884807]
  57. Semplicini A, Pessina AC, Palatini P, Hlede M, Palù CD. Orthostatic hypotension after the first administration of prazosin in hypertensive patients: role of the plasma volume. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol. 1981;8(1):1-10. doi:10.1111/j.1440-1681.1981.tb00127.x [PubMed 6162595]
  58. Shah N, Tendulkar M, Brown R. Should we anticipate intraoperative floppy iris syndrome (IFIS) even with very short history of tamsulosin? Eye (Lond). 2009;23(3):740. doi:10.1038/eye.2008.95 [PubMed 18388959]
  59. Sinaiko AR. Pharmacologic management of childhood hypertension [published correction appearing in Pediatr Clin North Am. 1993;40(4):following viii]. Pediatr Clin North Am. 1993;40(1):195-212. doi:10.1016/s0031-3955(16)38490-5. [PubMed 8417406]
  60. Singh B, Hughes AJ, Mehta G, Erwin PJ, Parsaik AK. Efficacy of Prazosin in Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Prim Care Companion CNS Disord. 2016;18(4). doi:10.4088/PCC.16r01943. [PubMed 27828694]
  61. Surwit RS, Gilgor RS, Allen LM, Duvic M. A double-blind study of prazosin in the treatment of Raynaud's phenomenon in scleroderma. Arch Dermatol. 1984;120(3):329-331. [PubMed 6367665]
  62. Taylor FB, Martin P, Thompson C, et al. Prazosin effects on objective sleep measures and clinical symptoms in civilian trauma posttraumatic stress disorder: a placebo-controlled study. Biol Psychiatry. 2008;63(6):629-632. doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2007.07.001 [PubMed 17868655]
  63. Tuuri RE, Reynolds S. Scorpion envenomation and antivenom therapy. Pediatr Emerg Care. 2011;27(7):667-672; quiz 673-5. doi:10.1097/PEC.0b013e3182228dfa [PubMed 21730810]
  64. Ursano RJ, Bell C, Eth S, et al; Work Group on ASD and PTSD; Steering Committee on Practice Guidelines. Practice guideline for the treatment of patients with acute stress disorder and posttraumatic stress disorder. Am J Psychiatry. 2004;161(11 suppl):3-31. [PubMed 15617511]
  65. US Department of Veterans Affairs/Department of Defense (VA/DoD). VA/DoD clinical practice guideline for the management of posttraumatic stress disorder and acute stress disorder. Updated June 2017. Accessed November 9, 2018. https://www.healthquality.va.gov/guidelines/MH/ptsd/VADoDPTSDCPGFinal012418.pdf.
  66. Weber MA, Schiffrin EL, White WB, et al, Clinical practice guidelines for the management of hypertension in the community: a statement by the American Society of Hypertension and the International Society of Hypertension. J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich). 2014;16(1):14-26. doi:10.1111/jch.12237 [PubMed 24341872]
  67. Whelton PK, Carey RM, Aronow WS, et al. 2017 ACC/AHA/AAPA/ABC/ACPM/AGS/APhA/ASH/ASPC/NMA/PCNA guideline for the prevention, detection, evaluation, and management of high blood pressure in adults: executive summary: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association task force on clinical practice guidelines. Hypertension. 2018;71(6):1269-1324. doi:10.1161/HYP.0000000000000066 [PubMed 29133354]
  68. Wigley FM. Clinical practice. Raynaud's phenomenon. N Engl J Med. 2002;347(13):1001-1008. doi:10.1056/NEJMcp013013 [PubMed 12324557]
  69. Wollersheim H, Thien T. Dose-response study of prazosin in Raynaud's phenomenon: clinical effectiveness versus side effects. J Clin Pharmacol. 1988;28(12):1089-1093. doi:10.1002/j.1552-4604.1988.tb05720.x [PubMed 3243924]
  70. Wollersheim H, Thien T, Fennis J, van Elteren P, van 't Laar A. Double-blind, placebo-controlled study of prazosin in Raynaud's phenomenon. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 1986;40(2):219-225. doi:10.1038/clpt.1986.166 [PubMed 3731684]
  71. Zaman F, Bach C, Junaid I, et al. The floppy iris syndrome - what urologists and ophthalmologists need to know. Curr Urol. 2012;6(1):1-7. doi:10.1159/000338861 [PubMed 24917702]
Topic 9806 Version 409.0

آیا می خواهید مدیلیب را به صفحه اصلی خود اضافه کنید؟